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Biomedical subjects

K Masubuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Masubuchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Cytological study on uterine sarcoma].

Between 1958 and 1985 (28 years), 53 cases of uterine sarcoma were seen at the Cancer Institute Hospital. Their cytological examination produced the following findings: 1) The positive rate in preoperative cytologic diagnostic tests was a low 21.7 percent for pure sarcoma and 70.0 percent for mixed mesodermal tumor. 2) The preoperative cytologic diagnosis and the final histologic diagnosis agreed in only 13.0 percent of pure sarcoma and 16.7 percent of mixed mesodermal tumor cases. 3) About one-half of the cases of mixed mesodermal tumor were diagnosed preoperatively as adenocarcinoma. 4) The positive rate in the cytologic diagnosis and the clinical stage were not correlated. 5) The positive rate in the cytologic diagnosis was high in cases of intracavity growth type sarcoma, but all cases of intramuscular localized type sarcoma were negative.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Significance of preoperative diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma by angio-CT].

Angio computed tomography (CT) was performed in 87 previously untreated patients with endometrial carcinoma to study its clinical usefulness. All the patients subsequently underwent surgery and the angio CT findings were correlated with the surgical and pathologic findings. The results were as follows: 1. The tumor appeared as areas of low density in comparison with the surrounding myometrium after intraarterial infusion of contrast medium. 2. Angio CT proved to be useful in determining the depth of myometrial invasion. The myometrial invasion measured from the serosal surface in millimeters was assessed on angio CT. The CT findings were correlated well with pathologic findings. 3. Patients with intact myometrium greater than 10mm from the serosal surface assessed by angio CT had no nodal metastases. Angio CT provides a better display of cross-sectional uterine pathology than CT after intravenous infusion of contrast medium. The depth of myometrial invasion measured from the serosa on angio CT seems to be a useful prognostic factor in patients with endometrial carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Significance of total hysterectomy in uterine cervical cancer persistent in the uterine cervix after radiotherapy].

Radiation therapy is an important means for treating advanced cases of cervical cancer. There are cases, however, in which cancer cells persist even after treatment has been completed. We in the Department of Gynecology at the Cancer Institute Hospital actively performed total hysterectomies in such patients with no distant metastases and no extension of the parametrial induration to the pelvic wall, and obtained favorable results. In the present study, the clinical stage, histological type, degree of removal of involved tissue, and relationship between the prognosis and the maximum diameter of the tumor in the extirpated uterus were examined in 28 patients with advanced cervical cancer treated during the thirty-year period from 1957 to 1986. The following results were obtained: 1. The clinical stage and histological type of the cancer prior to radiation therapy did not significantly affect the prognosis after total hysterectomy. 2. The 3-year survival rate for the patients in whom all involved tissue could be removed was 81.0 percent. In contrast, all those in whom complete removal was impossible survived less than 3 years, despite additional therapy. 3. Prognosis was better in the patients who had tumors with a maximum diameter of less than 2 cm than in those who had tumors with a maximum diameter of 2 cm or more (p less than 0.05). 4. Patients in whom all involved tissue could be removed and in whom the maximum diameter of the tumor was less than 2 cm had a good prognoses, with 88.9 percent surviving at least 3 years after surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Immunohistochemical study of new monoclonal antibodies--E29, 115D8 --to an epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) in ovarian tumors].

Mouse monoclonal antibodies E29 and 115D8 have been raised in the human milk fat globule membrane. The distribution of the antigen detected by these two monoclonal antibodies has been examined in formalin-fixed paraffin-embeded human ovarian tumors by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The highest positive rate of E29 and 115D8 was obtained in the malignant group suggesting that there is relationship between this positive rate and the histological malignancy. As for serous cystadenocarcinomas, a strong staining area of E29 was observed in the diffuse cytoplasm in poorly differentiated cases. These results suggest that the presence of E29 is a useful tumor marker for ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Metastatic brain tumor after chemotherapy of ovarian cancer].

A case of brain metastasis in ovarian cancer is reported. Recently cis platin-containing combination chemotherapeutic regimens have improved the prognosis of patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma. Metastasis to the brain in ovarian cancer is very rare. However, the incidence of cerebral metastasis after chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma seems to be increasing, and this may be related to prolonged survival due to chemotherapy. Thus, neurological examination after chemotherapy with cis platin is necessary to detect metastases to the brain.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

[Hachimijiogan having no estrogenic activity is effective for senile colpitis].

The effects of Hachimijiogan, a Chinese medicine, were studied in patients with senile colpitis. Eighty-eight postmenopausal patients, aged 42-76 years, were treated. Hachimijiogan was effective in 65 of 66 cases with abnormal discharge, 10 of 11 with pruritus vaginae and 60 of 62 with subepithelial hemorrhage. Overall more than ninety per cent of the patients responded well. The serum FSH, E1 and E2 levels were not statistically changed in this treatment. The vaginal Pap smear showed a significant decrease in parabasal type cells and an increase in intermediate type cells (p less than 0.01). Radioimmunoassay of E1, E2, E3, testosterone, FSH, LH and prolactin in Hachimijiogan were below the levels of sensitivity. These data suggest that Hachimijiogan is effective for senile colpitis and patients with senile colpitis associated with estrogen dependent tumors could be safely treated by Hachimijiogan.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical study of primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube: experience with 14 cases].

Between 1950 and 1986, 14 cases of primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube were treated and diagnosed at the Cancer Institute Hospital. These cases constituted 0.13% of the total number of gynecologic malignancies at the hospital during the period. The clinical/pathological findings and prognoses were described. Of the 14 cases, the average age was 56.0 years. The most frequent symptom was atypical genital bleeding, seen in 11 cases (79%). Massive watery discharge was seen in four cases (29%). In preoperative cytologic examination of vaginal smears, six cases (43%) were positive for cancer. All cases underwent operation as therapy. Postoperative irradiation, adjuvant chemotherapy, and/or second-or third- look operation was also used. Histopathologically, all materials were found to be adenocarcinoma. Four cases were well differentiated, seven were moderately differentiated, and three were poorly differentiated. Two patients with stage III and IV cancers died of the disease. Nine patients were still alive at the end of this study. The five-year survival rate was 57% (4/7). In stage I cancers, the five-year survival rate was 80% (4/5). The prognosis of stage I cancer patients was estimated as rather good.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Histology and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma].

The relationship between the histology and prognosis has been analyzed, using 608 surgically removed uterus with endometrial carcinoma. Among the uterus studied, 506 cases (92%) were determined as being an adenocarcinoma, endometrial type, including adenoacanthomas. This type of carcinoma showed a favourable postoperative survival rate (83.3%), when compared to serous adenocarcinomas (65.8%), clear cell (mesonephroid) adenocarcinomas (32.4%), and adenosquamous carcinomas (63.7%). Among adenocarcinomas of the endometrial type, these with a well differentiated variant showed a better prognosis than others. The squamous component of the adenoacanthoma was found to play no significant role in the prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[An immunohistochemical study of the distribution of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) in uterine carcinoma].

Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) is a component of the human milk fat globule membrane. The production of EMA is increased in both squamous and non-squamous epithelium in a variety of diseases including many neoplasms. Using antihuman EMA monoclonal antibody, an immunoperoxidase stain for EMA was done in normal or neoplastic cervical epithelia and endometrium. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were obtained by either colposcopic biopsy or surgical excision of the uterus from 61 patients. Ethanol fixed imprint smears were obtained from surgically removed uteri from 84 patients. The difference between normal cervical squamous epithelium and dysplasia or carcinoma of the cervix in intensity or patterns of staining for EMA reflected the progression of the neoplastic change in the cervix. The different EMA localization in well differentiated adenocarcinoma and moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the cervix and the endometrium was correlated with histological differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Epidemiologic study of carcinoma in situ of the cervix].

During the period from 1950 to 1983, 1633 patients with cervical carcinoma in situ (CIS) were treated at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. These cases were retrospectively investigated to determine the relation between the epidemiologic features and social phenomena. The number of patients with CIS tends to increase year by year. The incidence of CIS tends to be larger in the younger age group. Delay in the age of primiparity, a lower incidence of multiparas and a higher incidence of artificial abortion were seen in the CIS patients. Recurrence was seen in 0.4% of the CIS patients, and the recurrence site was most frequently the vaginal stump.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1986

[Radiation-induced secondary cancer in patients with uterine carcinoma].

PURPOSE: Radiation-induced cancer has been epidemiologically investigated in occupational or atomic radiation exposure cases. These is also a need to clarify the risk in the case of radiotherapeutical exposure. In this study, therefore, cases of post-irradiated uterine carcinoma which was well cured and followed up over a long term were selected for statistical analysis of radiation-induced cancer in the medical division. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 19,384 patients with uterine carcinoma at seven institutions in Japan were registered on a computer system at the NIRS and were statistically analyzed. Of these, 6,655 patients were treated by surgical procedure alone, 4,310 were given a combined treatment modality of radiation and surgery, 8,419 were treated by radiation alone between 1960 and 1978. Radiation-induced cancer was defined according to the following categories: Secondary cancer was developed within the irradiated field. Time interval was over 5 years after the initial irradiation (leukemia was over 2 years). The cancer had a different histological type to the original one. A total of 43 patients with induced cancer were observed, namely: 14 with rectal cancer, 8 with leukemia, 6 with uterine corpus cancer, 4 with urinary bladder cancer, 3 with osteosarcoma or uterine sarcoma, 2 with sigmoid colon cancer or malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and 1 with ovarian cancer, respectively. RESULTS: Rectal cancer, leukemia and urinary bladder cancer were initially analyzed, because their expected values were easily estimated from the basic data. A total of 8,333 patients (43,418 person-years) from 7 institutions were considered. Their average follow-up period was 10.2 years after treatment. 1) Rectal cancer: Observed value (O) = 14, expected value (E) = 7.83, O/E = 1.79, 95% confidence interval of O/E ratio (CI) = 0.98-2.99, there was no significant difference. 2) Leukemia: O = 8, E = 3.78, O/E = 2.12, CI = 0.91-4.18, no significant difference. 3) Urinary bladder cancer: O = 4, E = 2.23, O/E = 1.79, CI = 0.49-4.55, no significant difference. In other words, no significant difference was observed in the risk of occurrence of secondary cancer among the total number of irradiated patients from the 7 institutions. Since these results, however, were influenced by the accuracy of patient follow-up, the O/E ratio of double cancer in each institution was observed to check the accuracy of the follow-up and 3 institutions were selected for further analysis comprising 2,686 patients (13,588 person-years) in all. Their average follow-up period was 10.1 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Epidemiological survey on the relationship between obesity and endometrial cancer].

Endometrial carcinoma is found more frequently in obese subjects. In this study, we evaluated the comparative risks of endometrial cancer relative to obesity indices calculated using the Brocas coefficient. From 1979 to 1983, we treated 185 patients with endometrial cancer at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. Compared to nonobese subjects, those who exhibited an obesity index of 1.2 or more were found to have a relative risk value of 2.0 or more times that of normal subjects across all age groups. Based on these findings, it is suggested that a practical and effective preventive measure against endometrial cancer is to avoid becoming obese.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Epidemiologic study of carcinoma in situ of the cervix.

From 1950 to 1979, 1,248 cases of cancer in situ were treated in the Department of Gynecology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. Detailed data were obtained from 585 of the patients by interview. Many patients had had their first sexual experience at an early age. Many had had more than two sexual partners, and there was a large discrepancy between the age at first sexual intercourse and at first marriage. The above factors seem to be related to the development of cancer in situ.

Abortion, Legal↗