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Biomedical subjects

K Menzel

Publications and source records attributed to K Menzel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Studies on manifestations of Rh-related hemolytic disease of the newborn in the years 1974-1989 in the Erfurt district].

In the course of 13 years (1977-1989) 223 of 223,121 liveborn infants in the district of Erfurt suffered from haemolytic disease due to Rh-isoimmunization, 0.1 per cent died. An initial drop of morbidity from 1.6 to 0.6 of 1000 newborns was followed by stagnation and further increase during the last years. More than 50% of the affected babies were delivered by women who had to be protected from sensibilization by immune prophylaxis. The cause for the immunization were deliveries (75%), miscarriages and interruptions (23%). The most important reason for the insufficient decrease of the Rh-morbidity is the failure of immune prophylaxis in the case of ABO-incongruence between mother and child. Our results support the demands for a general immune prophylaxis without taking into consideration the main blood groups and the number and result of the pregnancy. The quantity of severe erythroblastosis (7 stillborn and 5 hydropic liveborn) demonstrates the necessity to improve the prenatal management of these babies.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1990

High cell density fermentation of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing human interferon alpha 1.

A defined medium was developed which, by means of a specific fed-batch mode, allows growth of the recombinant Escherichia coli strain TG1 (pBB210) up to a cell density of 60 g dry weight/l. Apart from glucose and aqueous ammonia fed as carbon and nitrogen sources, it was necessary to supply other nutrients or O2-enriched air. Aqueous ammonia also served for pH control. The pO2 level was kept at 20% saturation via closed-loop controls operating the two output variables of stirrer speed and glucose feeding rate. This fed-batch method prevented significant accumulation of acetate and other metabolic by-products. The recombinant E. coli expressed interferon alpha 1 more efficiently at a lower specific growth rate (muPr approximately 0.15 h-1) than at the maximum specific growth rate (mu max = 0.45 h-1). Therefore, fermentation in the batch phase at mu max was only allowed to continue up to a medium cell density. In the succeeding fed-batch phase, the specific growth rate was reduced to muPr by increasing the stirrer speed according to an empirically developed time scale.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1990

[Hygiene regimen in neonatology].

Prophylaxis of contamination, disinfection, sterilization of needed materials and sterile handling are essential suppositions for a successful struggle against hospital infections during the neonatal period. Proposals are presented to the hygienic management at delivery stations, delivery-rooms and neonatal intensive care units.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy of nesidioblastosis].

Hyperinsulinemia due to an excessive secretion of insulin independent on normal regulation is the most frequent cause of persistent neonatal hypoglycemia. We report on clinical course, diagnostic procedures and treatment of nesidioblastosis in three patients. Main symptoms observed in newborn period were hypoglycemia, respiratory embarrassment, cyanosis and convulsions. Primary treatment was started by continuous infusion of glucose, administration of diazoxide and prednisolone or glucagon. Most important investigations were performed simultaneously. In all three children subtotal resection of pancreas was necessary, because there was no constant blood glucose level. Histological specimens confirmed diagnosis. In two of three patients pancreatectomy followed. One suffers from diabetes mellitus, the other one fed normally, has stable blood glucose level possibly due to existence of extrapancreatic insulin producing cells.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis of muscle function in hereditary muscular dystrophies].

The evaluation of musclefunction im myopathies has been done upto now only by clinical trial. But in contrast in the field of medicine in sports has been proved the method of dynamometry of the muscles for a longer time which are necessary for objectivation of musclefunktion in myopathies. In this paper we present first results of health children and children suffering from Duchenne myopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Behavior of the oxygen half-saturation value and HbF content of blood of newborn infants during blood exchange transfusion].

An evaluation of the HbF-content and the oxygen-half-saturation value took place in 15 newborn infants before, during and after an exchange transfusion. The initial HbF content decreased to 25% after the exchange transfusion with ACF-blood. The p50-value did not increase, as expected, but decreased dependent on the volume of the exchanged blood, caused by a quick loss of 2.3.-DPG in the ACD-blood within the first two days of storage. A normalization could be demonstrated 24 hours after the transfusion.

Blood Volume↗
PubMed1989

[Sonography in the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease in childhood and adolescence].

We are reporting about the results of the staging by ultrasound in 11 children with Hodgkin's disease. Sonography stands the test as a method that reliably predicts abdominal involvement in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Only in a few cases an indication for an additional computerized tomography is given. A demonstration of typical ultrasonic findings takes place.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison of O2-exposed premature infants with and without vitamin E substitution from the ophthalmologic viewpoint].

The present paper deals with the efficiency of vitamin E in the prevention of progress of ROP. 80 premature infants with oxygen therapy and vitamin E all from the year 1986 are compared with 80 premature infants with oxygen therapy without vitamin E from the years 1984 and 1985. The group with protection by vitamin E shows a smaller rate of the higher stages of ROP. The stages II-V could be prevented in the studied group. The two groups of infants are too inhomogenous for an exact statistical analysis because some other factors are meaningful.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus in premature infants].

Our experiences in the course of illness of very low birth weight infants suffered from posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus are described. Clinical proceedings for performing of the hydrocephalus are explained, advantages and disadvantages of treatment by serial lumbal punctures, influences of drugs on the dilatation of the ventricles and the insertion of ventriculo-peritoneal shunts are discussed. The outcome was unfavourable in hydrocephalus following Grad III ore IV hemorrhage. Therefore the prevention of severe hydrocephalus must be the common sense of obstetricians and neonatologists.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1989

[Immunologic findings in the newborn infant. I. Studies of cellular immunity].

Based on investigations of 133 healthy full-term newborns in the first 3 days of life parameters of cellular immunity are described. The lymphocyte count of 28.5 +/- 10.9% (mean +/- S.D.) or 4.45 +/- 1.99 Gpt/l respectively coincides with literature values. Estimation of T-lymphocytes (E-rosette method) yields a percentage of 67.5 +/- 10%, which is not different from adults, whereas the absolute number 2.99 +/- 1.42 Gpt/l is markedly higher. Measuring phytohemagglutinin induced lymphocyte transformation one often finds a high spontaneous activity in unstimulated controls. The transformation rate, then, is low. 14 of 129 samples had unstimulated control activities higher than with phytohemagglutinin so that stimulation indices could not be calculated. Fairly good lymphocyte transformation was found in more than a half of all newborns. There is no correlation between the absolute value of stimulation index and the phytohemagglutinin-concentration.

Female↗