Biomedical subjects

K Mohammad

Publications and source records attributed to K Mohammad.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1979

Histocompatibility antigens in patients with leprosy from Azarbaijan, Iran.

The distribution of 24 histocompatibility antigens in 88 Azerbaijani patients with leprosy was determined and compared with those of 125 normal, ethnically matched individuals. HLA-BW35 was increased in frequency among the Kurdish patients as compared to the controls; HLA-A1, however, displayed decreased frequency in patients with the lepromatous form of the disease. Among the Turks, diminished frequency of HLA-BW15 was noted in the total patient population. None of these comparisons, however, reached statistical significance when corrected for the number of antigens tested. Across the two ethnic groups, differences in the frequencies of HLA antigens between the patients and the controls were only marginal.

HLA Antigens↗

PubMed1978

HLA antigens in two Iranian populations: the Armenians and the Jews.

The distribution of HLA phenotype, genotype and haplotype frequencies was studied in two Iranian populations, the Armenians and the Jews. Although the frequencies of most antigens in the Armenians have approximately the average Jewish values, haplotype frequencies are quite different between the two populations. The frequencies of antigens in Iranian Jews are more similar to those in the Mazandaranies, a group of non-Jewish Iranians, than to the Jewish populations from Yemen and Cochin, India.

Armenia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tradescantia-Micronucleus (Trad-MCN) tests on 140 health-related agents.

The Tradescantia-Micronucleus (Trad-MCN) test is a simple short-term bioassay for various gaseous and liquid forms of chemical agents, and physical agents such as radiation. 140 agents, directly or indirectly related to human health, were screened for their mutagenicity. Plant cuttings of young inflorescences, in which the pollen mother cells undergo various stages of meiosis, were maintained in nutrient solution for experimentation. Treatments were made either by absorption of the soluble agents through the stem, by diffusion of gaseous agents through the leaves and buds, by exposure to internal/external radiation or by in situ exposure to air pollutants. Micronuclei formed from damaged chromosomes served as the indicators of mutagenicity. Results of 140 agents tested are listed in 9 different categories. (1) Carcinogens/mutagens, (2) common beverages, (3) common chemicals, (4) drugs, (5) pesticides, (6) common household chemicals, (7) radiation and radioisotopes, (8) in situ monitoring, (9) complex environmental mixtures. Out of 140 agents tested, 52 showed positive, 20 showed borderline positive responses and 5 showed strong toxicity. Test results of 41 agents in the present study showed 67% congruity with Ames test results found in the literature.

Beverages↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Growth charts for Iran.

Growth charts for children aged 2-18 years old in Iran are presented. The charts are based on a random cluster sample survey of 3301 children living in urban Tehran, whose heights and weights were measured during the 1990-1992 National Health Survey of Iran. Because of differences between the data from the different provinces, these data were used as a representative subset of the total data. Charts were constructed using Healy's method, as modified by Pan, Goldstein and Yang, and are shown to fit the data well. Simulations show that the structure of the data does not affect the centile estimates. These charts may be used for all urban children in Iran and modifications are suggested to enable them to be used for rural children, who are generally smaller than urban children.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Growth of children in Iran.

Weights and Heights of 22,349 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 in Iran are reported. Data are from the 1990-1992 National Health Survey, a random cluster sample survey of 1 in 1000 families in all provinces of Iran. Multilevel models (Goldstein 1995) which take account of the survey design, reveal significant differences between provinces and between urban and rural children. Differences between urban and rural children, like differences between girls and boys, persist across all provinces and are certainly real. Differences between provinces may be partly due to differences in calibration. Charts based on the homogeneous subset of children living in urban Tehran may be used for all urban children, and in modified form, for all rural children. All the centiles of these charts are substantially below those of the NCHS charts, but the spread is similar so that there is no suggestion that the difference is due to the prevalence of gross malnutrition. The difference shows that the use of locally based growth charts are essential for assessing the growth of children in Iran.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Body mass index reference curves for Iran.

Body Mass Index (BMI) charts for boys and girls aged 2-18 years in Iran are presented. The charts are based on a random cluster sample survey of 1702 boys and 1599 girls living in urban Tehran, whose height and weights were measured in the 1990-1992 National Health Survey of the whole country. Charts were constructed using Healy's method as modified by Pan, Goldstein and Yang (1990), and for boys at one point were smoothed manually. The resulting charts are shown to fit the data well and adequately describe raw BMI centiles of urban and rural children elsewhere in Iran. Comparison of these BMI charts with corresponding UK charts showed substantial differences at every age and emphasizes the necessity for the use of locally based BMI norms for assessing body mass of Iranian children.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Weight-for-height of children in Iran.

Weight and height data were obtained from the 1990-1992 National Health Survey, a random cluster sample survey of 1 in 1000 families in Iran. Weight-for-height centiles of children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 in Tehran have been computed from relationships between weight for age and height for age Z-scores. The resulting centiles are compared to weight-for-height centiles based on BMI (weight/height2) charts. Investigation of the data points age by age revealed that there are very few observations between the two sets of 3rd and 97th centiles, so that the normal range of BMI for age is effectively equivalent to the normal range of weight-for-height by age. Further analysis shows that BMI charts based on the subset of children living in urban Tehran may be reliably used for all children in Iran to determine the normal range of weight-for-height except for short children aged 2 to 5 for whom a table of the upper centiles is given.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rate of hepatitis B seropositivity following mass vaccination in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Universal vaccination of all neonates against hepatitis B virus has been implemented in the Islamic Republic of Iran since 1993. To evaluate the efficacy of the programme, 2 large seroepidemiologic surveys were conducted before and after mass vaccination on a representative sample of 1/1000 of the population. The overall seropositivity rate showed no significant decline between 1991 and 1999 but in the age group 2-14 years the rates reduced significantly (1.3% versus 0.8%, P < 0.05). Interestingly, we observed a significantly higher decline in hepatitis B virus carrier rate in rural (1.5% versus 0.6%) than urban areas (1.1% versus 0.9%). Universal vaccination significantly decreased the carrier rate among young children in this country.

Adolescent↗