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K Nose

Publications and source records attributed to K Nose.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cell-cycle dependent phosphorylation of HSP28 by TGF beta 1 and H2O2 in normal mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1), but not in their ras-transformants.

Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 increased phosphorylation of a specific protein of approximately M(r) = 30,000 (p30) in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. This protein, p30, was identified as one of the small heat shock proteins (HSP) 28 from the electrophoretic pattern on two-dimensional gels, and its peptide map compared with that of heat shock-inducible p28. The increase in phosphorylation of HSP 28 seemed to correlate with growth inhibition in this cell line, since it was increased by growth inhibitory agents, such as TGF beta 1, H2O2 and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), but not by the growth stimulating agent, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and this phosphorylation was observed only when the cells were sensitive to growth inhibition by these agents, in the late G1 phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, in ras-transformants, whose DNA synthesis was not inhibited by these agents, this phosphorylation was not increased by these stimuli. These results indicate that phosphorylation of HSP 28 may be coupled to inhibition of DNA synthesis in this cell line.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Isolation of a gene encoding a putative leucine zipper structure that is induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 and other growth factors.

A gene sequence (TSC-22) that is induced by transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 was isolated by differential screening of a lambda gt10 cDNA library constructed from poly(A)+ RNA of mouse osteoblastic cells treated with TGF-beta 1 for 2 h. TSC-22 gene expression was transcriptionally activated by TGF-beta 1. It was also induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, serum, cholera toxin, or dexamethasone, but not appreciably by epidermal growth factor. Its induction was rapid and transient, reaching a peak 2 h after TGF-beta 1 treatment, and was resistant to cycloheximide like that of c-jun. The nucleotide sequences of TSC-22 cDNA showed no homology with any known gene sequence. The open reading frame and in vitro translation product indicated that the gene encodes a polypeptide of 143 amino acids with a molecular mass of 18 kDa that contains a putative leucine zipper structure. Polyclonal antibody was raised against TSC-22 protein expressed in Escherichia coli cells, and the antibody detected a 18-kDa protein in both the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of [35S]Met-labeled cells. These results indicate that the TSC-22 gene is a new member of the family of early response genes, and encodes a small polypeptide that is a putative transcriptional regulator.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Transcriptional activation of early-response genes by hydrogen peroxide in a mouse osteoblastic cell line.

H2O2, like other oxidants, is known to act as a mitogen at low concentrations in resting Balb/3T3 or mouse epidermal JB6 cells. We described previously that H2O2 induces some early response genes in Balb/3T3 cells. We extended these observations using another cell line, MC3T3 (mouse osteoblastic) cells by examination of transcriptional activity of these genes and by using inhibitors of protein kinases. H2O2 increased the expressions of c-fos, c-jun, egr-1 and JE genes which are known to be early response genes and are induced by mitogenic stimuli in many types of cells. Exogenous addition of H2O2 increased the mRNA levels of these genes, the kinetics of increase being similar to those of their inductions by a phorbol ester or serum. Nuclear run-on transcription showed that this induction occurred at the transcriptional level. H2O2 at 0.1-0.2 mM induced maximal expressions of c-fos and c-jun, whereas 0.3 mM H2O2 was required for induction of stress-induced heme oxygenase mRNA. The inductions of c-fos and c-jun were inhibited by 50 microM H7, a protein kinase inhibitor that is relatively specific for protein kinase C, but were not affected by H9, relatively specific for cAMP-dependent protein kinase. In cells pretreated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, however, in which protein kinase was supposed to be downregulated, H2O2 induced c-fos and heme oxygenase as efficiently as in untreated cells. H2O2 did not increase the phosphorylation of p80 protein, which is known to be a substrate for protein kinase C. Thus, H2O2 seemed to induce c-fos and c-jun by activating protein kinases distinct from protein kinase C. Activity of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene under control of the serum-response element of human c-fos genes was increased by H2O2 treatment, whereas that under control of cAMP-response element was not affected. These results indicate that the inductions by H2O2 of c-fos and possibly other early response genes are mediated through activation of the serum-response element in their enhancer.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1991

Reconstruction of both eyelids following electrical burn.

A case of severe electrical burn of the unilateral upper and lower eyelids is reported, together with the surgical technique of reconstruction. A 25-year-old man suffered an electrical burn on his left eyelids. On admission, his left upper and lower eyelids were subtotally necrotic. Total eyelid reconstruction was performed 2 1/2 months later. A chondromucosal graft taken from the nasal septum was utilized as the deep layer of the upper eyelid, which was covered by sliding down the remaining levator muscle and connective tissues to maintain the blood supply to the composite graft. The outer layer of the upper lid was reconstructed with a free split-thickness skin graft. The lower lid was reconstructed with a local flap lined with a free mucosal graft. This sandwich method using the levator muscle as a core was found useful for reconstructing both the upper and lower eyelids.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Assessment of brain death in children by means of P-31 MR spectroscopy: preliminary note. Work in progress.

The authors examined the possibility of assessing cerebral damage with phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in 24 patients (three infants, four children older than age 5 years, and 17 adults) who met the adult criteria for brain death. In all patients except patient 3 (an infant 8 months old), inorganic phosphate with phosphodiester was observed, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PCr), which are detectable in healthy brains, were not detected. In 22 of these 23 patients, cardiac death occurred within 7 days after clinical brain death, and in one infant 14 months old, cardiac death occurred 38 days after clinical brain death. In patient 3, ATP and PCr were detected with P-31 MR spectroscopy, and now, more than 20 months after brain death, cardiac death has not yet occurred. In children younger than age 5 years, P-31 MR spectroscopic findings were predictive of the patient's clinical outcome. These findings may help establish criteria for the diagnosis of brain death in children younger than age 5 years.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1991

Surgical treatment of laryngeal web with mucosa graft.

Surgical treatment of laryngeal webbing varies with the extent and site of the web. An extensive one seems to be best treated by laryngofissure and skin or mucosa transplantation. Recent experiences with four cases of thick glottal webbing indicated that a mucosa graft was better for the voice result than a skin graft. For success in the airway and voice results, the salient points in surgery include 1) precise midline thyrotomy, 2) shaping of the vocal cord under fiberoptic control, and 3) mucosa grafting with the combined use of a pliable stent or fibrin glue for fixation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Release of H2O2 and phosphorylation of 30 kilodalton proteins as early responses of cell cycle-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis by transforming growth factor beta 1.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and H2O2 both inhibited DNA synthesis of mouse osteoblastic (MC3T3) cells in the late G1 phase of the cell cycle. TGF-beta 1 stimulated cells to release H2O2 in the late G1 phase, but not in the G0 phase, even though TGF-beta 1 receptors were present in both phases. The inhibition of DNA synthesis caused by TGF-beta 1 was partly decreased by the addition of catalase. TGF-beta 1 and H2O2 increased the phosphorylation of the same proteins with a molecular weight of 30,000 in cells in the late G1 phase, and the increase by TGF-beta 1 was abolished at least partly by catalase. The results suggest that H2O2 is one of the mediators of inhibition of DNA synthesis by TGF-beta 1.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Elevated expression of secondary, but not early, responding genes to phorbol ester tumor promoters in papillomas and carcinomas of mouse skin.

A single topical treatment of mouse skin with the potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) results in transient inductions of a variety of genes. Based on the time courses of their inductions, these genes can be classified into two main groups: "early" response genes whose mRNA expression reaches a maximum 0.5-2 h after TPA treatment and "secondary" response genes whose mRNA expression is maximal 4 h or more after treatment. The nuclear oncogenes c-fos, c-myc, and c-jun belong to the early response group, whereas the metallothionein, osteopontin, and urokinase genes belong to the secondary response group. The steady-state expressions of these early and secondary response genes are all very low in normal skin, except that of c-jun, which is relatively high. Steady-state levels of expression and inducibility of these genes by TPA were not altered in initiated skin or in apparently normal skin during tumor promotion. We examined the expressions of these genes in papillomas and carcinomas produced by two-stage (initiator-promoter) and three-stage (initiator-promoter-initiator) protocols in mouse skin. Steady-state expression of the early responding nuclear oncogenes in papillomas and carcinomas was found to remain at the same low level as in normal skin. However, all the secondary responding genes were found to be expressed constitutively at high levels in these tumors. Elevated expressions of the genes for transforming growth factor alpha and beta were also observed in papillomas and to varying extents in carcinomas. These observations suggest that the regulatory machinery for transcription by the protein kinase C-mediated pathway through nuclear oncogenes is altered during the processes of tumor promotion and progression. The genes whose expression is elevated may be associated directly or indirectly with tumor promotion and progression.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1990

Binding of foreign DNA to mouse sperm mediated by its MHC class II structure.

By means of radioimmunoassay, the expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules on murine sperm cells was clearly demonstrated as well as by our previous enzyme immunoassay (Mori T, et al. The expression of class II major histocompatibility antigen on mouse sperm and its role in fertilization. Am J Reprod Immunol. 1990; 24:9-14). The present study revealed that the site of sperm for binding foreign DNA was mediated by the complex structure of the MHC class II molecules localized at the posterior region of sperm head. This binding activity of sperm was time-, temperature-, and viability-dependent and completely inhibited by the treatment of sperm cells with mouse anti Iak serum, but not with mouse normal serum. Scatchard analysis of this binding activity also showed a single receptor type on sperm cells. These results were directly confirmed morphologically by taking autoradiography of sperm cells binding foreign DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Study on function of aganglionic colon musculature of Hirschsprung's disease murine model].

This study examined the function in vitro of aganglionic colon musculature in mice with hereditary aganglionosis--a strain of animals used as a model of Hirschsprung's disease. Double sucrose gap recordings from the muscle strips of both normal and aganglionic colon showed bursts of spike potentials with muscle contraction. Intracellular recordings of the membrane potentials of the circular muscle cells of normal, aganglionic and oligo-ganglionic colon had no statistical difference. Microelectrode recordings from the circular muscle cells of normal siblings, in the presence of nifedipine, irregular ongoing fluctuations in membrane potential, which were abolished by tetrodotoxin and reduced by d-tubocurarine or apamin. The fluctuations were less effected by atropine. These observations suggest that there is ongoing inhibitory neural activity to the circular smooth muscle of normal colon. These ongoing fluctuations were not recorded from the cells of aganglionic and oligo-ganglionic colon of affected animals. Although transmural stimulation of the intrinsic nerves produced cholinergic excitatory and inhibitory junction potentials in normal colon, no junction potentials were evoked by transmural stimulation in aganglionic colon. It was concluded that the ongoing tonic inhibitory activity may contribute to the compliance of the normal mouse colon and lack of the compliance may affect functional intestinal obstruction of the aganglionic colon in Hirschsprung's disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Isolation of a gene sequence induced later by tumor-promoting 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) and expressed constitutively in ras-transformed cells.

Growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce various types of "early response" genes, most of which encode transcription factors. To identify possible target genes for these early response gene products, we isolated complementary DNA clones of genes that were induced later by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. A complementary DNA library was constructed using mRNA from mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate for 4 h, and the library was screened by differential hybridization. Five independent clones were isolated. All of these genes were induced maximally 4 to 8 h after 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate addition. Sequencing showed that three of them (OTS-1, -3, and -4) were those of the metallothionein II gene, and one (OTS-5) was identical to the osteopontin/2ar gene. The other (OTS-8) had no significant homology with known sequences and was considered to be a novel gene. The induction of OTS-5 and OTS-8 was decreased in the presence of cycloheximide. In mice, OTS-8 mRNA was detected in the lungs but not at appreciable levels in other organs. Open reading frame of OTS-8 complementary DNA and its in vitro transcription/translation product suggested that this gene encodes an Mr 26,000 protein. OTS-8 mRNA was induced by epidermal growth factor but not by serum. The steady-state levels of OTS-5 and OTS-8 mRNAs were significantly elevated in v-ras-transformed MC3T3 cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Stimulation by hydrogen peroxide of DNA synthesis, competence family gene expression and phosphorylation of a specific protein in quiescent Balb/3T3 cells.

Treatment of quiescent Balb/3T3 clone A31-1-1 cells with 0.1-0.2 mM H2O2 in the presence of 1 microM insulin induced DNA synthesis 20-24 h later at almost the same level as that in cells treated with 10% serum. Treatment with 0.1-0.2 mM H2O2 alone did not induce DNA synthesis and was not toxic to the cells. Cell cycle analysis indicated that treatment with H2O2 plus insulin induced progression of the cell cycle from the quiescent state. The amounts of mRNA for competence family genes such as c-fos, KC and JE were increased by the addition of H2O2. Under these conditions H2O2 caused rapid phosphorylation of a protein of 78 kDa with a pI of 6.3 (p78). Phosphorylation of p78 increased on treatment with TPA and serum as well. Catalase reduced the increase in phosphorylation of p78 induced by TPA and serum. Endogenous production of H2O2 was observed within 10 min after treatment of quiescent cells with platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). These results indicate that H2O2 at certain concentrations mimics the action of competence factors on resting Balb/3T3 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Human liver serine dehydratase. cDNA cloning and sequence homology with hydroxyamino acid dehydratases from other sources.

Rat liver serine dehydratase cDNA was used to screen a human liver cDNA library in lambda gt11. One positive clone occurred in every 5,000 clones. Fifteen positive clones were plaque purified. The largest cDNA obtained contained an open reading frame of 987 base pairs, and 5' and 3' noncoding regions of 89 and 317 base pairs, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence, with a calculated Mr of 34,615, was similar to that of rat liver serine dehydratase except for the absence of a segment consisting of 36 amino acid residues. In vitro transcription/translation with the cDNA resulted in the formation of a polypeptide with an Mr of approximately 35,000, which cross-reacted with the anti-rat serine dehydratase antibody. These results suggest that the human serine dehydratase is structurally cognate with the rat enzyme. Moreover, portions of the sequence postulated to be essential for activity in microbial threonine dehydratases are found in the mammalian serine dehydratases, suggesting that hydroxyamino and dehydratases may have originated from a common ancestor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Decrease in CuZn-superoxide dismutase mRNA level during differentiation of human monocytic and promyelotic leukemia cells.

Change in the level of CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) mRNA was examined using a molecular probe during differentiation of human monocytic leukemia U937 cells or promyelotic leukemia HL-60 cells induced by either 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). CuZn-SOD mRNA levels were found to decrease during the course of differentiation, and this response is specific for differentiation, since the treatment of human B cell leukemia cells or normal diploid fibroblasts with TPA failed to have any effect on the level of CuZn-SOD mRNA. The activity of CuZn-SOD in U937 cells also decreased during differentiation, but following that of the CuZn-SOD mRNA level. The expression of the CuZn-SOD gene is thus concluded to diminish during the differentiation of HL-60 and U937 cells.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1989

Induction of metallothionein mRNA by tumor promoters in mouse skin and its constitutive expression in papillomas.

A single topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was found to induce mRNA of a metallothionein (MT) gene or genes in the skin of Sencar mice, and papillomas produced by repeated applications of TPA were shown to have elevated levels of MT mRNA. Induction of MT mRNA was maximal 4-8 h after application of TPA and returned to the control level 24 h later. A dose-dependent increase of MT mRNA was observed with doses of TPA of 1-5 micrograms. Of the other promoters tested, phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate, mezerein, and the ionophore A23187 also induced MT mRNA, but 4-O-methyl-TPA and benzoyl peroxide did not. Phorbol and 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate, which are not promoters, also did not induce MT mRNA. Retinoic acid and 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, inhibitors of tumor promotion, did not induce MT mRNA themselves or inhibit the induction of MT mRNA by TPA. In C57BL/6 promotion-resistant mice, TPA caused only slight induction of MT mRNA. These data suggest a correlation between induction of MT mRNA and epidermal hyperplasia. The constitutive elevation of MT mRNA levels in papillomas may be due to the loss, during the process of tumor promotion, of some mechanism regulating MT gene expression.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Abolishment of c-fos inducibility in ras-transformed mouse osteoblast cell lines.

Proto-oncogene c-fos is induced by many types of cellular stimuli, such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), serum (fetal bovine), calcium ionophore A23187, and dibutyryl cAMP (But2cAMP). In this study, c-fos induction was abolished in ras-transformed mouse osteoblast cells (MC3T3). Transformants of MC3T3 were isolated after transfection with Ki or Ha murine sarcoma virus DNA. All Ki- or Ha-ras transformed MC3T3 clones examined showed exceedingly low levels of c-fos induction by all inducers, as determined by the change in amounts of c-fos mRNA or its product. Induction of other TPA-responsive genes, such as metallothionein, was not altered in some ras-transformed cells; c-myc and c-jun expression was constitutively high in all the ras-transformed clones. Nuclear extracts and gel shift assay showed that the binding activity to c-fos enhancer element (serum response element) was altered in ras-transformed cells. These results indicate that transformation with ras oncogene induces modification of c-fos enhancer binding factors and that this modification is one cause for the decrease in c-fos induction.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Diurnal changes in colonic motility in conscious dogs].

Daily profile of colonic motor activity was observed in 10 conscious dogs by means of extraluminal force transducers. Each dog was implanted with a set of seven strain, gauges, one on the terminal ileum and the remaining six on the colon equidistantly. The colonic motor activity was basically composed of migrating and non-migrating motor complexes at all six recording sites. Each motor complex was characterized by a tonic contraction superimposed by rhythmic bursts of phasic contractions. During fasted period these motor complexes recurred at a mean interval of 36 min, and a mean duration was 7 to 12 min. Those motor complexes which migrated over at least three recording sites were defined as "migrating", 72% of those observed at the most proximal sites (n = 2680) were migrating, and the remaining 28% were non-migrating. Of those migrating motor complexes 90.4% migrated caudad (iso-peristalsis), while only 9.4% migrated orad (antiperistalsis). During postprandial period the colonic motor complexes at all recording sites uniformly increased their frequency with shorter intervals. Different from the small intestine, the contractile patterns were essentially the same as those of fasted period. The postprandial acceleration of the colonic motor complexes seems to be compatible with gastrocolic response.

Animals↗