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Biomedical subjects

K Obata

Publications and source records attributed to K Obata.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Treatment of gonococcal urethritis with norfloxacin].

Fifty six males with gonococcal urethritis were administered 600 mg of norfloxacin (NFLX) daily for 7 days, before the effects were examined. The pharmaceutical effects were studied on the third and the seventh day after administration. Pronounced effectiveness of 77.8%, effectiveness of 19.4% and ineffectiveness of 2.8% were found on the third day after administration, and pronounced effectiveness of 94.4%, effectiveness of 5.6% and ineffectiveness of 0% were found on the seventh day after administration. Effectiveness of 100% was obtained up to the seventh day. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NFLX and ampicillin (AMPC) were determined for 14 strains. The peak of MIC of NFLX was found at 0.05 micrograms/ml and all strains were 0.78 micrograms/ml or lower. The peak of MIC of AMPC was 0.1 microgram/ml. MICs of both drugs were 0.78 micrograms/ml or lower, and resistant bacteria were not found. In view of the analyses of age distribution of patients and source of infection, the peak was found in the twenties and the source of infection in 64.7% were, so-called, professional women.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Spinal anesthesia of only one lower extremity with hypobaric tetracaine].

For spinal anesthesia of only one lower extremity, effect factors, assumed to influence the level of anesthesia including the degree of head-down position of the patients during injection, the volume of the drug and the rate of its injection, are studied using 0.2% hypobaric tetracaine solution in water. Seventy-two patients having the surgery of one lower extremity were divided into 7 groups according to the difference in the degree of head-down position (0, 2 and 5 degrees), in the volume (3, 5 and 7 ml) and the rate (0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 ml.s-1) of injection of tetracaine solution. Patients, in lateral position with the operative side up during injection and 20 minutes after injection, were checked for the level of hypesthesia and analgesia on both operative side and non-operative side. Except 2 groups of the patients who were in horizontal position during injection or who are injected with 7 ml of tetracaine solution all at once, the upper level of analgesia in the operative side is well controlled at T10, although in some patients the additional injection of small amount of tetracaine solution was needed. In these patients, the analgesic level in the non-operative side is restricted within S level, and HR and BP changes were very slight. The rate of injection had no effect on the analgesic level on both operative side and non-operative side.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiological investigation on bladder cancer and occupations].

A population-based case-control study was conducted in Boston, U.S.A., Manchester, U.K., and Nagoya, Japan to assess the associations of occupations with bladder cancer in men. In Nagoya, cancer cases were identified through Nagoya Bladder Cancer Registry, and controls were randomly selected from the general population using electoral registers. Study subjects, all males, analyzed were 430 cases and 397 controls in Boston; 339 and 493 in Manchester, and 220 and 443 in Nagoya, respectively. Occupations significantly related to an increased bladder cancer risk were those manufacturing or handling dyes, leather, paint or organic chemicals in Boston, and leather or medical workers in Manchester. Occupations significantly associated with bladder cancer development were not found in Nagoya. In general, risk related to occupations was relatively higher in the younger age group (less than 65 years old) than in the older age group (greater than or equal to 65 yrs old). Statistically significant differences in bladder cancer risk were not demonstrated between manufacturing workers and service workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mathematical analysis of equilibrium on 2-site immunoradiometric assay using anti-human TSH monoclonal antibody].

A mathematical analysis of equilibrium was adapted on a practical 2-site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) using 10 murine monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to human TSH. The affinity constant of 10 Mabs was from 2.5 x 10(8) to 3.3 x 10(10) M-1. The dose-response curves using appropriate combinations of Mab-coated bead and 125I-labeled Mab were compared with the theoretical curves calculated from mathematical analysis of equilibrium. Theoretical curves were directly affected by the affinity constants in which antibodies with higher affinity constants showed higher binding activity of tracer. However, the curves which antibodies have more than 1 x 10(9) M-1 and 1 x 10(10) M-1 for capture antibody and tracer antibody did not show remarkable change, but were similar with the curve obtained from unlimited affinity constant. From these curve, the maximum and minimum detectable dose were approx. 2 x 10(-10) M and 4 x 10(-14) M, respectively. Seven out of 10 experimental curves for TSH showed good consistency with the corresponding theoretical curves which indicated that a mathematical analysis of equilibrium was useful to presume experimental results using monoclonal antibody.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Cefotiam concentration in the peritoneum in infants during surgery].

1. Supposing the hernia sac to be peritoneum, intraperitoneal transition of cefotiam (CTM) was examined on 57 cases of infantile inguinal hernia subdivided into 7 groups. 2. After one shot intravenous injection, CTM showed rapid transition into the blood and the peritoneal tissue and even at a dose of 40 mg/kg and 120 minutes later. CTM exhibited an excellent antibacterial activity considering of MIC80 against clinically isolated bacterial strains. 3. Healing by first intention of operative wounds was obtained in all of the cases given CTM without any case suggestive of postoperative infection. No clinical side effect was observed in any one of the cases.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

Improved method for large-scale purification of brain gangliosides by Q-sepharose column chromatography. Immunochemical detection of C-series polysialogangliosides in adult bovine brains.

A new chromatographic method for separation of bovine brain gangliosides has been developed using Q-Sepharose. Gangliosides were separated based not only on their sialic acid numbers but also on the sialic acid molecular species and chain lengths of the skeletal oligosaccharide portions. The following results indicate that this column chromatography has practical advantages in separating mixtures of gangliosides, especially positional isomers and molecular species with N-acetyl- or N-glycolylneuraminic acid. (1) the loading capacity of Q-Sepharose for gangliosides was very high; (2) most major gangliosides such as GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b and GQ1b were isolated in a single step; (3) these major gangliosides were clearly separated from gangliosides containing, N-glycolylneuraminic acid when examined using Hanganutziu-Deicher antibody; (4) polysialogangliosides that have four or more sialic acid residues were isolated efficiently. It was shown by the combination of Q-Sepharose column chromatography with thin-layer chromatography/enzyme immunostaining that adult bovine brains possess C-series polysialogangliosides as minor components which are known as embryonic molecules in avian and mammalian brains.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Expression of the insulinoma gene rig during liver regeneration and in primary cultured hepatocytes.

We have isolated a novel gene, rig (rat insulinoma gene) from rat insulinomas. In the present study, rig was found to be expressed in rat regenerating liver and in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. The level of rig mRNA was increased at the proliferative phase of liver regeneration. In synchronously cultured hepatocytes, the rig mRNA level was elevated at the G1 phase of the cell cycle and the rig-protein was accumulated in the nuclei during the S phase. These results indicated that rig could be involved in a more general way in growth or cell replication.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1988

Molecular differentiation of the otic vesicle and neural tube in the chick embryo demonstrated by monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced against membrane fractions of the chick neural tube and somite. These MAbs selectively stained the neural tube and neural crest cells; the antigens for some of these MAbs were identified as cell adhesion molecules or glycolipids. Histochemistry of the otic vesicle and its progeny in the chick embryo was performed with these MAbs and other MAbs obtained previously in our laboratory. It was demonstrated that differentiation of the otic placode and vesicle from the ectoderm, and development of the acoustic ganglion from the otic vesicle were accompanied by the appearance and disappearance of various molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A new method for electron microscopic observation of isolated synaptic vesicles labelled with monoclonal antibody.

The immunoreaction of a monoclonal antibody (Mab) and an isolated synaptic vesicle (SV) was processed on a grid mesh and the result could be easily observed with electron microscopy. The SV suspension was obtained and dispersed on the grid mesh where immunoreaction procedures were performed. The resulting immunoreaction was visualized by labelling with ferritin particle (FAD) or horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for the electron microscopic observation. The SV specimen was observed by electron microscopy after faint negative staining with 1% uranyl acetate. With this method, the positive immunoreaction of Mab 171B5 and the isolated SV could be easily identified by the formation of a halo of FAD or a cobweb of HRP surrounding the SV. In the control experiment, the SV specimen was incubated with normal mouse serum instead of the Mab while the other procedures were performed in the same way. The SV was not outlined by FAD in the control experiment. Thus, the positive immunoreaction of the Mab and SV was thought to be an immunologically specific one. It was also determined that the Mab reacted specifically with the SV but not with the small membrane fragments and other unknown material. The present method seems to be useful for observing the immunoreaction of subcellular structures and their antibodies under electron microscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Molecular cloning of a cDNA for the developmentally regulated brain protein, drebrin.

A lambda gt11 cDNA library from 10-day-old chicken embryo was screened immunologically using an antiserum against drebrins E1, E2 and A, proteins previously designated S5, S6 and S54, respectively. A cDNA clone for a common domain of drebrin was isolated. Northern blot analysis of chicken brain indicated that drebrin mRNAs are about 2.7 kilobases in molecular size and that expression of these proteins is developmentally regulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Nucleotide sequences of two embryonic drebrins, developmentally regulated brain proteins, and developmental change in their mRNAs.

Drebrins are developmentally regulated proteins found in chicken brain and are classified into two forms of the embryonic type (E1 and E2) and one form of the adult type (A). Although the time courses of their appearance are different from each other, the structures of the 3 forms are closely related. Two kinds of drebrin cDNA, designated gDcw6 and gDcw17, were isolated from the cDNA library of the chicken embryo and their nucleotide sequences were determined. Their sequences were entirely identical except for a deletion of an internal 129-nucleotide sequence, and the gDcw17 insert contained an open reading frame capable of encoding 607 amino acids. These cDNAs seemed to correspond to two embryonic forms of drebrin mRNAs. The predicted drebrin molecules are highly hydrophilic and have proline-rich sequences and long stretches of glutamate in the carboxyl-terminal region. RNA dot-blot analysis using the drebrin cDNA as a probe demonstrated that the amounts of drebrin mRNAs were also developmentally regulated as those of drebrins. Southern blot analysis showed that the chicken genome has a single copy of the drebrin gene per haploid complement. These findings suggest that the multiple forms of drebrins result from alternative splicing of the single drebrin gene during neural development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Case report of biliary atresia associated with preduodenal portal vein, ventricular septal defect and bilobed spleen.

A case report of biliary atresia associated with preduodenal portal vein is presented with a review of 27 similar cases previously reported. The occurrence of associated anomalies in these 28 cases has a much higher frequency (82%) than coincidental association. They were associated with cardiovascular anomalies in 71%, polysplenia in 68%, malrotation of the intestine in 61%, situs inversus in 22% and duodenal atresia in 9%. Developmental anomaly is considered to participate strongly in the aetiology of biliary atresia combined with preduodenal portal vein.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1988

Developmental changes of C-series polysialogangliosides in chick brains revealed by mouse monoclonal antibodies M6704 and M7103 with different epitope specificities.

We have established many mouse monoclonal antibodies detecting developmentally regulated antigens in chicken embryonic neural tissues of the otic vesicles and neural tube by immunizing mice with the membrane fraction of the neural tube and somite prepared from 3-d chick embryos. Among them, three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) M6703, M6704, and M7103 were shown to react with the gangliosides isolated from chicken embryonic brains. The precise specificity of the antibodies was determined mainly by enzyme-immunostaining on thin layer plates. MAbs M6703 and M6704 bound to C-series polysialogangliosides including GT3, GT2, GT1c, GQ1c, and GP1c isolated from cod fish brains, but never to A-series, B-series, or X-series gangliosides. On the other hand, MAb M7103 antibody has a rather narrow specificity, reacting with GT1c, GQ1c, and GP1c, but not with ganglioside GT3. This indicates that the epitopes defined by these two MAbs are not with ganglioside GT3. This indicates that the epitopes defined by these two MAbs are different from each other. MAbs M6703 and M6704 recognize a trisialosyl residue, NeuAc alpha 2-8NeuAc alpha 2-8NeuAc alpha 2-3, while M7103 requires both a trisialosyl residue and the gangliotetraosy backbone structure for binding. As compared to similar MAbs which have been reported in the literature. M6703 and M6704 are unique in that they react equally with all of the C-series gangliosides and belong to the IgG3 subclass.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Cholecystolithiasis causing Mirizzi's syndrome with a rare anomaly of the extrahepatic bile duct in a child. Report of a case].

A 14 year-old girl, who was admitted to our hospital due to increasing jaundice, intermittent right upper quadrant pain and fever, underwent operation based on the diagnosis of the Mirizzi's syndrome. Calculi filled the cystic duct and compressed the right hepatic duct. The right and left hepatic ducts lay closer to the duodenum than usual. The operation was limited to cholecystectomy alone. The calculi showed laminar cut surfaces and were composed of bilirubin lime. In addition to reporting our case, the literature dealing with this particular entity is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) in human ventricle. Increased gene expression of ANP in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Tissue levels of atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) messenger RNA (ANPmRNA) and ANP in the human atrium and ventricle were measured simultaneously by the blot hybridization technique and the specific radioimmunoassay for ANP. Hearts were obtained from two patients without cardiac complications and from a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) at autopsy. Total RNA extracted from ventricles contained a hybridizing RNA band of the same size as atrial ANPmRNA in both control and DCM hearts. The ANPmRNA level in the control ventricle was 0.2% of that in the atrium. The ANPmRNA level in the DCM ventricle increased to about 7% of that in the corresponding atrium and was approximately 40 times higher than that in the control ventricle, although the ANPmRNA level in the DCM atrium was comparable to that in the control atrium. The total content of ANPmRNA in the DCM ventricle reached about 30% of that in the corresponding atrium and was much the same as that in the control atrium. The ANP level in the DCM ventricle was approximately 1.0 microgram/g and much higher than that in the control ventricle (0.02 microgram/g).

Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗