PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Pelz

Publications and source records attributed to K Pelz.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes for the rapid detection of bacteria associated with human periodontitis.

Analysis of the subgingival microflora has recently implicated Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans and several black Bacteroides species in the aetiology of juvenile, adult and rapidly progressing periodontitis. Rapid bacteriological diagnosis has been hampered by the slow growth and fastidious nature of these bacteria. To construct diagnostic probes, dideoxy sequencing of the 16S rRNA molecules from A. (H.) actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Bacteroides gingivalis, Bacteroides intermedius subgroup II, Bacteroides asaccharolyticus and several closely related species was performed. Next, oligodeoxynucleotides, complementary to defined regions of the 16S rRNA exhibiting considerable evolutionary divergence, were synthesized for use as molecular probes. In a dot-blot hybridization assay, all strains from each of the species for which probes were constructed were correctly identified, with a detection limit of less than 5 x 10(3) organisms. No cross-hybridization to closely related species (except for H. aphrophilus and Haemophilus paraphrophilus) or contaminating bacteria was observed. Using a modified DNA/RNA hybridization technique, the detection could be performed in less than 12 h, as compared to 2-3 weeks using conventional bacteriological procedures.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1988

Myoelectric activity of the small bowel in mechanical obstruction and intra-abdominal bacterial contamination.

The myoelectric activity of the small bowel was evaluated in 6 rabbits following 24 h of complete small-bowel obstruction and in 6 rabbits during an intra-abdominal perfusion with a bacterial suspension containing Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli. Myoelectric recordings were performed before and during pharmacological small-bowel stimulation with ceruletide. Following small-bowel obstruction both slow-wave frequency and spike activity were reduced. Ceruletide stimulation demonstrated a significantly decreased spike activity after 24 h of obstruction. Intra-abdominal bacterial contamination did not affect spontaneous slow-wave frequency and spike activity but induced complete resistance to ceruletide stimulation. Pharmacological stimulation is recommended as an additional method to evaluate the impairment of myoelectric activity in motility disorders.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

Anaerobic bacteremia following tooth extraction and removal of osteosynthesis plates.

The occurrence of bacteremia was investigated in 39 patients undergoing tooth extraction (Group 1), surgical removal of impacted third molars (Group 2), or removal of osteosynthesis plates (Group 3). None of the 39 patients had bacteremia before anesthesia or after nasal intubation for general anesthesia. In two of 23 patients bacteria could be isolated after local anesthesia. Microorganisms were isolated in 14 of 19 patients (74%) with tooth extraction. In nine, a mixture of facultative anaerobic ("aerobic") and strict anaerobic bacteria were identified; in five, anaerobes were isolated exclusively. Two to 130 bacteria were cultured per 10 ml venous blood. Endocarditis causing alpha-hemolytic streptococci were found in seven cases (50%). At least one of the predominating anaerobes (Bacteroides, Fusobacteria, or Peptostreptococci) were found in all positive cases. Bacteremia was found in 40% of the Group 2 patients. There was no bacteremia in the Group 3 patients. The pathogenic relevance of anaerobic bacteremia is discussed and as a consequence it is suggested that the risk of developing organ abscesses as well as the problem of endocarditis following dental bacteremia has to be taken into consideration. On the basis of sensitivity testing, erythromycin does not appear to be the drug of choice in penicillin-allergic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Development of nosocomial and iatrogenic urinary tract infections (UTI) following urological interventions. A prospective clinical study.

Development of nosocomial and iatrogenic UTI was investigated over 3 months period of time. Included were 140 patients following 228 instrumentations or endoscopical or surgical interventions. Of these 84 were carried out under antimicrobial medication. 30 UTIs developed 1-8 days after the various procedures (= 13.2%): 10% after TUR-B, 14% after TUR-P and ureteral instrumentation, 16% following cystoscopy and catheterisation. No significant difference was observed between: Males and females, patients with or without antimicrobial medication, younger and older patients and after long or short procedures. Indwelling catheters remain sterile for 3 days. Though antimicrobial prophylaxis did not significantly influence the generally low rate of infection it appeared as a trend that the elderly patient who requires repeated interventions and who suffers from additional diseases as diabetes, consuming tumours and renal insufficiency may benefit from medication.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clinical evaluation of Timentin in complicated urinary tract infections.

Timentin proved to be highly effective in the treatment of 70 urological patients suffering from complicated urinary tract infections. There were few adverse effects, and development of resistance was not observed. Surgical treatment was possible in each case, without any septic complications. The results show that Timentin is a very useful drug for the urologist who often treats complicated urinary tract infections, especially because of its low re- and super-infection rate and the absence of development of resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Neonatal androgenization in ground squirrels: influence on sex differences in body mass and luteinizing hormone levels.

Female squirrels were injected at birth with 50 or 1000 micrograms testosterone propionate (TP); control males and females were treated with oil vehicle. Squirrels were gonadectomized at 47 days of age. Body mass was recorded weekly and plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) was determined once monthly over the next year. Marked annual cycles in body mass were manifested by 30 out of 31 squirrels. Peak body mass and peak-to-trough differences were greater for control male and TP-female squirrels than for control female squirrels. Trough body weights did not differ among the groups. Luteinizing hormone was detectable in all male and most androgenized females but not in any control female squirrels during the first 4 mo after gonadectomy. Peak LH values were significantly greater for control male than for control female squirrels and were not influenced by neonatal androgenization in females. Testosterone propionate treatment also did not affect sex differences in timing of LH peaks or the total number of months in which LH was detectable. We conclude that testicular hormones secreted during the early postnatal period induce sex differences in the circannual pattern of weight change and some aspects of LH secretion. Complete masculinization, however, either requires more extensive action of gonadal hormones, perhaps both pre- and postnatally, or occurs through some androgen-independent mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Amine colpitis, not only an esthetic problem: increased infection risk in labor].

In 76 women with non-specific vaginitis we could always isolate Gardnerella vaginalis and several anaerobics, especially Bacteroides species, in hgh counts. In 19 puerperae, bacteriologial examinations of the infected episiotomy wound yielded a spectrum of pathogens similar to that of non-specific vaginitis. In 74 per cent of the women with wound infection following episiotomy, non-specific vaginitis had either already been present before childbirth (and identified as Gardnerella vaginalis vaginitis), or was confirmed at the time of infection. Staphylococcus aureus was seen in 16 per cent of the wound infections, whereas other pathogens were identified in 10 per cent. In a prospective study on vaginal flora ante partum and rate of infection post partum, based on 405 vaginal deliveries, 80% of the examined pregnant women had a normal vaginal flora with lactobacilli. In 12%, we found Gardnerella vaginalis, and in 8% a mixed flora. Since the rate of infection in women with Gardnerella vaginalis vaginitis and episiotomy was found to be ten times higher than that in women with Döderlein's flora and episiotomy, it is obvious that Gardnerella vaginalis vaginitis is not just an aesthetic problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intraperitoneal and intravenous cefoperazone kinetics during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Serum cefoperazone (CFP) kinetics after a 1-gm dose added to the peritoneal dialysate were followed in seven patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). In a randomized order five of the seven patients received 1 gm IV CFP. Serum samples were collected over 10 hr during one dialysate exchange interval. CFP concentrations were determined by HPLC. After intravenous dosing CFP mean peak and 6-hr serum concentrations were 104.2 +/- 29.1 micrograms X ml-1 and 8.5 +/- 3.8 micrograms X ml-1, mean body clearance was 80 +/- 20 ml X min-1, and mean apparent volume of distribution was 14.6 +/- 3.2 l. The elimination rate constant (kel) varied from 0.29 to 0.38 hr-1 and was almost identical to kel derived from intraperitoneal application (range 0.29 to 0.42 hr-1). Instillation of CFP with the peritoneal dialysate resulted in a rapid rise of serum levels (Tmax = 1.9 +/- 0.7 hr; absorption rate constant ka = 0.68 +/- 0.11 hr-1), and sufficient CFP concentrations (Cmax = 33.2 +/- 5.3 micrograms X ml-1), were maintained over 6 hr (C6 hr = 17.3 +/- 5.8 micrograms X ml-1). Mean systemic availability of intraperitoneal CFP was 95% +/- 12%. Intraperitoneal administration of CFP in patients undergoing CAPD resulted in serum levels of CFP adequate for systemic treatment of bacterial infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Antibiotic prevention in hysterectomy. Effectivity of a single preoperative ceftriaxon dose].

In a prospective study, 50 women patients were given 2 g Ceftriaxon (Rocephin) as a short infusion before performing hysterectomy. A control group of 50 patients remained without any antibiotic treatment. In 31 patients, the concentration of Ceftriaxon in the serum and tissue was determined at the time the uterus was removed. Due to the long half-life of Ceftriaxon (8 hours), high serum and tissue levels were found for a period of many hours. After 4-5 hours, the serum level was still 100 micrograms/ml, whereas the concentration in the endometrium, myometrium and in the salpinges were 21 micrograms/g, 24 micrograms/g and 31 micrograms/g, respectively. Due to these long-lasting serum and tissue levels, the protective effect against infections was also very high. 15 infections in the control group are contrasted by one infection only in the treated group. The efficacy of the prophylaxis is objectively assessed by measuring the temperature curve and by determining the number and the spectrum of the postoperatively isolated germs. The germs isolated in the treated group are exclusively such germs which are resistant to Ceftriaxon (enterococci) or which are only moderately sensitive to Ceftriaxon, such as Bacteroides.

Adult↗