Biomedical subjects

K Pruksananonda

Publications and source records attributed to K Pruksananonda.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Mouse blastocyst vitrification compared with the conventional slow-freezing method.

To compare mouse blastocyst survival after cryopreservation with vitrification and the slow-freezing method, one-hundred and forty-eight in vitro mouse blastocysts were randomly frozen by the two methods: vitrification and conventional slow-freezing. After being thawed, the blastocysts were assessed for survival and hatching rate. The survival rates of blastocysts cryopreserved by vitrification and slow-freezing were 68.33 and 65.52 per cent (p = 0.89), whereas hatching rates were 51.22 and 44.74 per cent, respectively (p = 0.64). Therefore, vitrification of blastocyst-stage-embryos may be a useful, economic method for freezing the excess blastocysts in some centers where blastocysts are routinely transferred.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Correlation between human follicular diameter and oocyte recovery, metaphase II oocytes and fertilization rate in intracytoplasmic sperm injection programs.

This prospective study was undertaken to establish the correlation between the follicular diameter, oocyte recovery, metaphase II (MII) oocyte, and fertilization rate in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) programs. Thirty one patients undergoing 31 ICSI cycles from August 1998 to January 1999 at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital were studied. The patients were stimulated with either short or long GnRHa portocol. During transvaginal aspiration of follicles, follicular diameters were measured. The maturation stage of oocytes and fertilization rate were evaluated. Four hundred and seventy eight follicles were measured and classified into 3 groups, group A (<10 mm), group B (10-14 mm) and group C (>14 mm). The oocyte recovery rate and MII oocytes were different between groups A, B, and C but the fertilization rate was not different. In conclusion, the follicular diameter correlated with oocyte recovery and oocyte maturation but not with the fertilization rate in ICSI programs. The quality of embryos was lower in oocytes from small follicles.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Effects of contaminated endometriotic contents on quality of oocytes.

The mechanism of infertility associated with endometriosis is poorly understood. There is evidence supporting that women with ovarian endometriosis have a lower pregnancy rate than women with peritoneal lesions only. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of endometriotic contents contamination while retrieving oocytes on oocytes' quality. Thirty-eight infertile patients with endometriotic cysts from January 1993 to June 2000 were enrolled in this study. There were no statistically significant differences among the quality of oocytes and embryos from the contaminated, non-contaminated, and control group. However, the fertilization rate and pregnancy rate were impaired by the contamination of endometriotic contents. We conclude that ovarian endometriosis should be treated before starting in vitro fertilization program in order to increase the pregnancy outcome.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

The regulation of assisted reproductive technology in Thailand.

The Executive Board of the Medical Council of Thailand has set up an ad hoc committee to establish the regulations of practising of assisted reproductive technology. The committee assigned the Royal Thai College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists to supervise and take charge of the administration and formulate an annual report in accordance with the Thai Medical Council Declaration. The regulation was finally approved on October 9, 1997. It was announced in the Royal Gazette on December 26, 1997 and since then the prescription of standard measures for ART practice has been effected.

Female↗

PubMed2000

Uterine perforation with Lippes loop intrauterine device-associated actinomycosis: a case report and review of the literature.

A case of a 67-year-old postmenopausal woman, gravida 2, para 2, with an uterine perforation from actinomycotic infection with Lippes loop IUD is reported. She had the Lippes loop IUD inserted for 35 years, and had never had any pelvic examination nor Papanicolaou smear. She presented with acute abdominal pain. The clinical picture mimicked peptic ulcer perforation. The woman underwent laparotomy and exudative fluid was discovered in the abdominal cavity with the tip of the Lippes loop IUD at one of the two small holes of the uterine fundus. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. The postoperative microscopic pathological report demonstrated characteristics of actinomycosis. She was treated with parenteral high-dose penicillin for 4 weeks followed by oral penicillin for 6 months. The woman had an uneventful recovery. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of uterine perforation due to Lippes loop IUD-associated actinomycotic infection.

Abdominal Pain↗

PubMed2000

Effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium of regularly cycling women.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) on the endometrium of regularly cycling women. DESIGN: Prospective, controlled study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. PATIENT(S): Thirty healthy, regularly cycling, female volunteers. INTERVENTION(S): All volunteers were studied for two consecutive cycles, one control cycle and one CC-treated cycle. Clomiphene citrate (100 mg/d) was given on days 3-7 of the CC-treated cycles. Ultrasonography was performed daily to assess ovulation. Ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy were performed, and blood samples were obtained for determination of E2 and progesterone levels 7 days after ovulation in both the control and CC-treated cycles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Histologic dating, morphometric analysis, and ultrasonographic appearance and thickness of the endometrium. RESULT(S): Histologic dating and ultrasonographic appearance and thickness of the endometrium were similar in the control and CC-treated cycles, but morphometric parameters were different. The number of glands per square millimeter and the mean diameter of the glands were lower in the CC-treated cycles than in the control cycles, but the number of vacuolated cells per 1,000 glandular cells was higher. CONCLUSION(S): Clomiphene citrate has effects on the endometrium of regularly cycling women, as demonstrated by a reduction in glandular density and an increase in the number of vacuolated cells.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Double uterus with unilaterally obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis: a variety presentation and a 10-year review of the literature.

A double uterus with a unilaterally obstructed hemivagina is a rare condition, usually associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis. Herein, we report two cases, the first case presenting with abdominal pain and pelvic mass. Hemihysterectomy was performed leaving the contralateral uterus intact. The second case presented with chronic foul smelling vaginal discharge. The diagnosis was a double uterus and pyocolpos of the left vagina. Excision of the left vaginal septum and drainage were performed. The postoperative course of both cases was uneventful and the patients were well at the six-week follow-up. An accurate diagnosis, appropriate management and the prevention of future fertility problems are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1999

A study failing to determine significant benefits from assisted hatching: patients selected for advanced age, zonal thickness of embryos, and previous failed attempts.

PURPOSE: Pregnancy and implantation rates after mechanical assisted hatching (AH) in patients aged > or = 38 years, with embryos > or = 15 microns in zonal thickness and two or more failed attempts, were assessed at two infertility centers using fresh and frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. METHODS: AH was performed on 3-day-old embryos. Spare embryos cryopreserved at the two-pronucleus stage were subjected to AH after 2 days of culture and transferred to artificially prepared uteri. RESULTS: In fresh cycles, no significant differences in pregnancy rates (clinical and ongoing) and implantation rates were observed between the AH and the controls for all three selected patient groups (Centers 1 and 2). In FET cycles, AH tended to give poor results for > or = 38 year olds (clinical pregnancy rates of 0 and 5.0% with AH vs 13.3 and 16.7% for controls at Centers 1 and 2, respectively). With AH, embryos with thick zonae implanted to the same extent as those in the control group and achieved pregnancies for patients with multiple failures (four to six attempts for some) in both fresh and FET cycles. CONCLUSIONS: AH failed to show significant benefits in all three patient groups. A larger study group may confirm the effects of AH on frozen/thawed embryos and outcomes for multiple failure cases.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed1999

Clinical effects of gestrinone for the treatment of pelvic endometriosis in infertile patients.

The clinical efficacy and side effects of oral gestrinone, 2.5 mg twice weekly, were evaluated in this prospective study involving 22 patients with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. All patients came to the hospital with infertility problem. After 6 months of treatment, 81 per cent of patients had amenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain were reduced from 90.9 per cent to 14.3 per cent and 81.8 per cent to 9.5 per cent respectively. Pelvic tenderness and induration were improved from 55.6 per cent and 50.0 per cent to 15.8 per cent and 10.5 per cent respectively. Androgenic effects such as acne was founded in 18.2 per cent of the patients. Return of fertility was observed in 25 per cent (5 patients) after 30-254 days post treatment. No serious side effect was detected during the treatment. The results suggest that gestrinone may be considered an option for the treatment of endometriosis related infertility.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Effects of different biopsy methods on the development of preimplantation mouse embryos, in vitro and in vivo: implication for preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of two different embryo biopsy techniques, direct aspiration and partial zona dissection (PZD)-push, on subsequent in vitro and in vivo development of 8-cell stage mouse embryos. It was found that the rates of normal blastocyst formation and hatching blastocysts of direct aspiration, PZD-push, solution control and control embryos were not significantly different (80.8%, 81.6%, 84.5%, 86.7% and 71.9%, 72.3% and 74.6%) respectively. There was, however, a significant reduction in rate of complete hatching blastocysts (P < 0.1) (72.9% aspiration versus 85.2 per cent solution control and 86.4% control) and rate of live-born fetuses (24.2% aspiration versus 43.3% solution control and 41.2% control) (P < 0.05) in the direct aspiration group but no significant difference in the PZD-push group (80.3% of complete hatched blastocysts and 33.8% of live-born fetuses). These findings indicated that embryo biopsy with PZD-push was superior to the direct aspiration method. This mouse embryo biopsy model was useful in advancing development of biopsy technique for human preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Successful pregnancy in a case of azoospermia from congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD) using percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

In men with obstructive azoospermia, bypass surgery would obviously be the most acceptable form of treatment as it gives the couple an opportunity to conceive naturally. However, when this has failed to restore patency or when surgery is not feasible (congenital absence of vas), fertility treatment using spermatozoa aspirated from the epididymis should be considered. Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) is more acceptable to patients than micro epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) because it eliminates the requirement for a general anaesthetic, post-operative pain, and the risk of haematoma formation, thus allowing a rapid return to normal activity of the husband. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in Thailand where a pregnancy resulted in a couple whose infertility was due to azoospermia from the congenital absence of vas deferens. Spermatozoa collected through PESA were used in ICSI to achieve fertilization. The PESA technique, due to its simplicity is the choice of treatment for obstructive azoospermia.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

The effect of transdermal oestradiol on bleeding pattern, hormonal profiles and sex steroid receptor distribution in the endometrium of Norplant users.

The most common side-effect and reason for discontinuation with Norplant use is bleeding disturbance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the 6 week application of a patch which released 100 micrograms/day oestradiol would reduce the number of abnormal bleeding days or eliminate the problem. Another objective was to find out the correlation between the bleeding pattern and endometrial concentrations of oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). Of 98 Norplant users, 34 patients had normal bleeding patterns and 64 patients had abnormal bleeding patterns. An oestradiol patch or a placebo patch were randomly used to treat 33 and 31 women with abnormal bleeding respectively. There was a clinical improvement in the oestradiol group compared with the placebo group, although this was not statistically significant. There were no correlations between PR and ER concentration and the serum oestradiol, progesterone, levonorgestrel and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations. Significantly increased mean immunostaining scores of stromal PR were observed in those Norplant users whose endometrium had an atrophic histological appearance. The serum oestradiol concentration did not show a significant change after treatment with the oestradiol patch compared with the placebo patch.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed1996

Basal follicle--stimulating hormone levels on day 3 of previous cycle are predictive of in vitro fertilization outcome.

Serum FSH level may be an indicator of the functional potential of the ovary. The basic control of LH and FSH is by a negative feedback system involving the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and ovary. Basal serum FSH on day 3 of previous cycles in 36 patients underwent ovarian stimulation with a combination of GnRH agonist and FSH and hMG in an IVF program were evaluated. The results in this study show that a high basal serum FSH level is associated with a higher cancellation rate, a lower peak serum E2 level, lower number of oocytes retrieved and a lower clinical pregnancy rate.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Reliable sex determination of mouse preimplantation embryos by PCR amplification of male-specific genes in single blastomeres.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability of sex determination in mouse preimplantation embryos using the two-step polymerase chain reaction method. SETTING: Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of OB/GYN. METHODS: The Sry and Zfy genes, known to be present in the sex-determining region of mouse Y chromosome, were selected for Y-specific target sequences and DXNds 3 locus located on mouse X chromosome was served as the internal control sequence. DNAs extracted from heart blood of male and female mice were used to test the correctness and specificity of the selected primers using the two-step PCR method. The same experimental conditions were then used to amplify the single copy genes in single mouse blastomeres with two pairs of primers for each of the target sequences. The sex-determined embryos were transferred to the uteri of pseudopregnant recipients to test the consistency of the assay system. RESULTS: All male and female blood DNA sample results confirmed the correct sex identification of the origin (100%). Nineteen of 20 single blastomeres showed the accurate diagnosis when compared with theirs 7/8 embryos. The sex of 36 of 37 mouse pups born from biopsied male and female embryos agreed with the predicted sex. CONCLUSION: The reliable genetic analysis of sex chromosome- specific sequences in single cell is possible by the two-step PCR method and could be applied for diagnosis of defective genes of human preimplantation embryos derived from the in vitro fertilization program.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Hormonal regulation of complement components and receptors throughout the menstrual cycle.

OBJECTIVES: Complement components have been recently demonstrated to be present in the reproductive tract. Among these components, C3 synthesis by glandular epithelium of the rat uterus has been shown to be regulated by estrogen; progesterone inhibits this synthesis. However, the hormonal regulation of C3 and the presence of other complement factors in the human has not been investigated to date. In this study we examined the presence and the hormonal regulation of different complement components and receptors in the human endometrium at various phases of the menstrual cycle of normally cycling women with no pelvic pathologic abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN: Endometrial tissue was obtained from normally cycling women, and immunohistochemistry was performed by means of monoclonal antibodies against C3, factors B, decay-accelerating factor, membrane cofactor protein, and complement receptor types 1, 2, and 3. The tissue was incubated with minimal essential media without methionine containing methionine labeled with sulfur 35. Immunoprecipitations were performed on the media with goat antihuman C3 antibody, and the proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: C3 was found to be present in the glandular epithelial cells of luteal endometrium. Biosynthesis as analyzed by immunoprecipitation with anti-C3 antibody was found to increase during the luteal phase of the cycle and to be minimal in the proliferative phase. Like C3, factor B and decay-accelerating factor were localized to the luteal glandular epithelial cells. In contrast, membrane cofactor protein was found to be present in the glandular epithelium throughout the menstrual cycle, and complement receptor type 1 was present only in the stromal compartment of luteal endometrium. Complement receptor type 3 was present only in the infiltrating leukocytes in the luteal endometrium, whereas complement receptor type 2 was undetectable. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that several components of the complement system exist in the human endometrium in a hormone-dependent manner and may play a role in normal reproductive function.

Adult↗