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Biomedical subjects

K Roth

Publications and source records attributed to K Roth.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The PARTICLE expert system for tumor grading by automated image analysis.

While automated microscopic image analysis of histologic sections has been helpful in objectivizing histologic tumor grading and investigating the relationships between grading and prognosis, expert systems have the potential of linking image analysis and other data for statistical analysis and application to a wider range of tumors. One such expert system is PARTICLE, whose development was based on many years of experience in resolving histologic problems by image analysis. This paper discusses the philosophy of expert system for tumor grading and describes its implementation in the PARTICLE system. The system's structure, operations and applications are briefly presented. PARTICLE is essentially based on the evaluation of karyometric data.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1989

[The interactive image processing system AMBA/R].

Automated microscopic picture processing is a method of universal applicability useful in research and practice of medicine and biology but also in all areas of science and technology in which pictures are generated. The experience shows that good results can be achieved only through an effective picture processing system, effective in hardware and software. A description of such an effective system, the AMBA/R system, will be given in this paper.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Automated microscopic image evaluation for histological diagnosis of tumours (grading).

Described in this paper is an automated approach to histological diagnosis of tumours (urinary bladder). This approach actually substitutes individual analysis and classification of a tumour for a formalistic consideration and is likely to offer the clinician a better decision-finding aid for therapeutic approach to the individual case.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1985

Automated microscope image analysis in the cytological tumor diagnostics. Results on borderline-cases of mammary tumors.

50 fine-needle biopsies of mammary tumors (20 medullary carcinomas, 20 fibroadenomas, and 10 false negative judged cases) were studied by automated microscopic image analysis. Eight morphometric and densitometric features of the tumor cell nuclei were determined on Papanicolaou stained smears. It was analyzed whether smears false judged as negative can be rightly allocated as carcinomas by the automated method. The results of this study have shown that it was possible by means of three cell nucleus parameters (standard deviation of the area, mean area ratio, and skewness of the grey value gradient at contours) with 100% correct separation of the unequivocal cytologies into malignant and benign smears to recognize about 90% of the false judged smears rightly as carcinomas. The results are reproducible and can be obtained in a time of 2-5 min per smear. The first results show that the automated microscope image analysis may be a valuable tool in the diagnosis of borderline-cases of mammary tumors.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of episodic hyperammonemia in children with inborn errors of urea synthesis.

Although normal plasma ammonium levels can be maintained in children with inborn errors of ureagenesis, these children are vulnerable to episodic hyperammonemia often resulting in coma and death. To treat such episodes, we designed a therapeutic protocol that included prompt recognition of hyperammonemia, therapy with intravenous sodium benzoate, sodium phenylacetate, and arginine, and nitrogen-free intravenous alimentation. Dialysis was performed if the hyperammonemia was unresponsive to drug therapy. Twelve episodes of hyperammonemia in seven children deficient in carbamyl phosphate synthetase, ornithine transcarbamylase, or argininosuccinic acid synthetase were treated; one patient died and the others recovered. In two patients measurement of the distribution of urinary nitrogen revealed that hippurate nitrogen and phenylacetylglutamine nitrogen together accounted for 60 per cent of "effective" urinary waste nitrogen. Successful therapy of episodic hyperammonemia plays an important part in the long-term management of disorders of the urea cycle.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1984

A new image analysis method for the quantification of neovascularization.

In a foregoing paper, an attempt has been described to quantify the neovascularization in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) by using the method of automatic image analysis. In this case 5 to 10 min were necessary to measure the neovascular response of one CAM preparation (i.e. to obtain a value for the degree of angiogenesis). The accuracy of reproducibility of the measurements was about +/- 20%. In this paper, we describe a new method which only requires about 55 seconds for the measurement of one specimen with an accuracy of about +/- 12%.

Allantois↗
PubMed1981

Hyperalimentation-induced cholestasis. Increased incidence and severity in premature infants.

Two hundren sixty-seven neonates who received parenteral nutrition were monitored for signs of liver dysfunction. Cholestatic jaundice occurred in we infants, with a higher incidence in the more immature infants. There was an inverse correlation between severity of jaundice and the degree of prematurity. Infants with cholestasis remained without gastrointestinal feedings and received parenteral nutrition for periods of time significantly higher than infants without cholestasis. The incidence of this complication did not seem to correlate with the amount of protein infusate (amino acid solution). A higher incidence of sepsis was noted in infants who were affected by cholestasis. Close monitoring for signs of liver dysfunction in all neonates receiving parenteral nutrition is strongly recommended.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1979

Biotin-response organicaciduria. Multiple carboxylase defects and complementation studies with propionicacidemia in cultured fibroblasts.

Fibroblast cultures from two individuals with biotin-responsive organicacidemia were found to have a pleiotropic deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase, beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and pyruvate carboxylase activities after growth in biotin limited culture medium, conditions which do not affect the carboxylase activities of normal cells. All three enzyme activities were restored to normal levels after transferring the mutant strains to biotin-rich medium. Both patients excreted abnormal levels of an array of metabolic intermediates, including beta-methylcrotonate, beta-hydroxyisovalerate, beta-hydroxypropionate, and lactate, which reflect metabolic blocks at all three carboxylase sites.14 mutants deficient in only propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity from patients with propionicacidemia and the two biotin-responsive strains were examined for complementation with seven previously mapped pcc mutants. No new pcc complementation groups were identified. Nine of the mutants were mapped to group pccA. The remaining 12 mutants mapped to pccBC or its B or C subgroups, confirming the complex nature of this group. The biotin-responsive mutants failed to complement each other but did complement mutants from all the pcc groups. Thus biotin-responsive organicacidemia is defined by a new complementation group, bio. The results obtained in this study suggest that the bio mutants have a defect of either biotin transport or a common holocarboxylase synthetase required for the biotin activation of all three mitochondrial carboxylases.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1979

Open field behavior after chronic self stimulation.

Long term exposure of adult male Sprague Dawley rats to rewarding brain stimulation produced alterations in open field behavior in comparison to nonstimulated controls. Initial activity was increased while movement latency was decreased for the experimental animals. Grooming and defecation were essentially unchanged by stimulation. These findings suggest a selective and tonic influence of brain stimulation upon exploration.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Adrenergic control of motor activity: effects of PNMT inhibition upon open field behavior in the rat.

Two inhibitors of brain PNMT were given to rats in doses which caused equivalent reductions in enzyme activity. Each drug produced similar and dose-related decreases in ambulation, rearing and defecation during open field behavioral testing. Central adrenergic (epinephrine containing) system may be necessary for normal open field behavior. This may reflect an interaction with other monoamines, particularly dopamine.

Animals↗