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Biomedical subjects

K Sagara

Publications and source records attributed to K Sagara.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Pharmacokinetics of famotidine in elderly patients with and without renal insufficiency and in healthy young volunteers.

The pharmacokinetics of the H2-receptor antagonist famotidine, after oral administration of a 20 mg tablet, has been studied in 10 elderly patients with normal renal function (CLCR greater than or equal to 59 ml.min-1, Mean = 80 ml.min-1), 5 elderly patients with renal insufficiency (CLCR less than or equal to 38 ml.min-1, Mean = 15 ml.min-1), and 6 healthy young volunteers. Elimination half-life in the elderly patients with renal insufficiency was significantly prolonged compared to the elderly patients with normal renal function and the young volunteers. The correlation coefficient between creatinine clearance and the elimination rate constant of famotidine was 0.672. Mean urinary recovery of unchanged drug up to 24 h in the young volunteers was 44%. The mean renal clearance of famotidine in the young volunteers (270 ml.min-1) was substantially greater than the creatinine clearance, 128 ml.min-1, which suggests the possibility of tubular secretion of famotidine.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Application of ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography for analysis of hyoscyamine and scopolamine in solanaceous crude drugs.

A new ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of hyoscyamine and scopolamine in various kinds of crude drugs derived from solanaceous plants was evaluated using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a counter ion. A reversed-phase chromatographic system consisting of a chemically bonded ODS silica gel column with phosphate buffer (pH 2.5)-acetonitrile (65:35) containing 17.5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate as the mobile phase was used. Hyoscyamine and scopolamine in crude drugs derived from Scopolia, Atropa, Hyoscyamus and Datura species were separated from other compounds in the crude drugs and determined within 20 min after direct injection of the solution extracted with the mobile phase. The results for various kinds of samples are presented.

Atropine↗
PubMed1989

Necrosis of the femoral head in growing rats. Occlusion of lateral epiphyseal vessels.

The cause of the vascular occlusion in necrosis of the femoral head of growing, spontaneously hypertensive rats was investigated histologically using serial sections. The lateral epiphyseal vessels, which supply the proximal femoral epiphysis, disappeared immediately before entry into the femoral heads. In fresh osteonecrosis the pathway of the vessels between the margin of the articular cartilage and the growth plate was replaced with granulation or scar tissue. We conclude that the vascular occlusion occurs in the layer of the epiphyseal cartilage where the lateral epiphyseal vessels penetrate, and that the abnormalities of the epiphyseal cartilage might play a part in the occurrence of osteonecrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Rapid and simple determination of sennoside A and B in rhei rhizoma by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography.

A simple and precise ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of sennoside A and B in Rhei Rhizoma. A reversed-phase chromatographic system consisting of a chemically bonded ODS silica gel column with an acetate buffer (pH 5.0)-acetonitrile (68:32), containing 5 mM tetra-n-heptylammonium bromide, as the mobile phase was used. Sennoside A and B in this crude drug were separated and determined within 20 min after direct injection of the solution extracted with 70% methanol. The results for various samples are presented.

Anthraquinones↗
PubMed1986

Clinical evaluation of plasma abnormal prothrombin (PIVKA-II) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

The clinical usefulness of plasma abnormal prothrombin, defined as a protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II: PIVKA-II, as a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), was evaluated. Plasma PIVKA-II concentration was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody specific for PIVKA-II. Forty-one (65%) out of 63 patients with HCC had an abnormal PIVKA-II level above 0.13 arbitrary units (AU)/ml; the level was above 0.3 AU/ml in 33 patients (52%) and above 0.5 AU/ml in 27 patients (43%). On the other hand, most of the 282 patients with various liver diseases other than HCC had normal or slightly elevated levels of PIVKA-II. Their values were all below 0.5 AU/ml, with the exception of 2 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. The patients with PIVKA-II values above 0.5 AU/ml were strongly suspected of having HCC. Plasma PIVKA-II levels were not related to serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, but were above 0.5 AU/ml in 14 (44%) out of the 32 patients whose serum AFP levels were below 400 ng/ml. In some patients with HCC, PIVKA-II was increased throughout the course of the disease, and in others it normalized after surgical resection of the tumor. We conclude that the plasma PIVKA-II assay by the ELISA method using a monoclonal antibody is a useful diagnostic tool for monitoring HCC, particularly in HCC patients with low AFP levels.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1986

[A resectable case of juvenile hepatocellular carcinoma in an asymptomatic HBV carrier].

A 28-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in October 1983 as he was found to have HBs-antigenemia at the time of blood donation. Since he had no symptoms and showed normal liver function, HBeAg(-), HBeAb (+) and HBcAb 87% (200x), he was diagnosed as an asymptomatic HBV-carrier. Unexpectedly, high serum AFP (13,500 ng/ml) was detected. Subsequently, computed tomography, angiography and ultrasonography demonstrated a tumor, 4.5 X 4.0 cm in diameter, in the left lobe of the liver. On Feb. 24, 1984, the tumor was radically resected. The postoperative course was excellent. This case suggested the relationship between hepatoma and asymptomatic HBV carriers and the importance of screening hepatoma patients to detect asymptomatic carriers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bone disorders in spontaneously hypertensive rat.

The bones of adult (26 weeks old) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were examined chemically and histologically by comparing them with those of the corresponding normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. The mean cortical thickness, the mean ash weight per unit bone volume, and the ash as percentage of dry weight of femur were significantly lower in SHR than in WKY. Besides, the percent cortical area measured on tibial cross-section was also reduced in SHR compared with WKY. These findings strongly suggest that the development of osteoporotic bone disorders exists in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

An epidemic of hepatitis A related to ingestion of raw oysters.

An epidemic of hepatitis A occurred around Hondo City, Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan during the first six months of 1982. Clinical, immunological and epidemiological studies were carried out in 225 cases. Cases were distributed over a relatively wide area, and in small numbers of young children and school children. More than half of the patients were in their twenties or thirties. The clinical course was generally favorable with rapid resolution. No episode lasted more than six months. There was only one fatality in a cure which was a carrier of HBs antigen with liver cirrhosis. Titers of IgM anti-HAV measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) or enzyme immunoassay (EIA) reached a peak during the second week after onset, followed by a gradual decrease. Conversion to negative results was never experienced within two months. We found a good correlation between RIA and EIA in terms of detecting IgM anti-HAV. The route of infection was thought to be fecal-oral in nature, with ingestion of raw oysters the major etiologic factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A case of primary sclerosing cholangitis.

A case of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is reported. A 16 year-old female developed right hypochondralgia and nausea without jaundice. Examination on admission showed elevation of SGOT, SGPT, Al-P, gamma-GTP and LAP activities, but T-Bil, AFP and CEA were within normal limits. Peripheral eosinocytes increased by 10%, and tests for HBsAg, antiHBs, antimitochondrial antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody were all negative. ERCP revealed a narrowing of the proximal portion of the common the hepatic duct, and beading of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Liver scintigram and CT revealed no tumors in the liver, biliary tract or pancreas. Laparoscopy showed a smooth liver without swelling and a slightly swollen gallbladder. Histologically, the liver biopsy specimen showed ductal proliferation of small interlobular bile ducts and periductal fibrosis. No bile plugs, granuloma or distinct cholangitis were observed. No abnormal findings, including evidence of inflammatory bowel disease, were detected by barium enema. At present, one year after discharge, although her symptoms and liver function test abnormalities continue, she has been attending high school. Although 58 cases of PSC have been reported in Japan, juvenile cases occurring before the third decade number only 3 including ours.

Adolescent↗