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Biomedical subjects

K Scherer

Publications and source records attributed to K Scherer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Computed tomographic enhancement of the liver, liver abscesses, spleen, and major vessels with perfluorooctylbromide emulsion. Influence of dosage and injection velocity in an animal model.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Computed tomographic (CT) enhancement of the liver, liver abscess, spleen, and major vessels was investigated between 2 and 48 hours after intravenous administration of perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB emulsion) in an animal model of 63 rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-one animals received 3 g/kg PFOB as a fast bolus injection. Using a slow infusion rate, the same number of animals received either the same dose (3 g/kg) or half the dose (1.5 g/kg). RESULTS: Vascular enhancement was best after bolus injection of 3 g/kg emulsion. The density peak occurred after 2 hours. A continuous enhancement of approximately 100 Hounsfield units (HU) was observed up to 24 hours in the animals receiving 3 g/kg, independent of the injection velocity. A density peak of 70 HU was found 2 hours after the infusion of 1.5 g/kg. The density peak of the liver, the spleen, and the abscess wall was observed 48 hours after emulsion administration in all groups receiving 3 g/kg. The peak was approximately 150 HU for the liver, 400 HU for the spleen, and 150 HU for the abscess wall. In animals receiving only 1.5 g/kg perflubron, the peak density of the abscess wall was 132 HU after 12 hours, approximately 80 HU for the liver between 2 and 48 hours, and approximately 280 HU after 48 hours for the spleen. CONCLUSIONS: PFOB emulsion produces the highest vascular enhancement within the first 2 hours after the bolus injection of 3 g/kg. For spleen and abscess wall imaging, even the relatively low dose of 1.5 g/kg produced a satisfactory enhancement level for a significant length of time, whereas liver enhancement was best after administration of the higher dose.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Early and late results of PTA in relation to the patient's age].

506 cases of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty performed between 1983 and 1988 in the iliac, femoropopliteal and crural segments were analyzed with special consideration of the patients' age. The early results were significantly worse only in the age group over 70. The late results were evaluated by the life table method. Relapses within the first 6 months occurred in 13.8% of the patients over 60 and in 8.2% of the younger age group (under 60). After 12 months, however, no significant difference was observed between the two age groups. The rate of complications (overall value 7.9%) was twice as high in the geriatric age group than among the younger patients. Type and extent of the occlusion, clinical stage and run-off conditions determine the early and late results.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[The significance of vascular surgery treatment of complications following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the lower extremities].

In 147 patients suffering from arterial occlusive disease of the lower extremities 162 PTAs of the iliac, femoral and popliteal arteries were performed. Thirteen complications occurred in 12 patients, while surgical intervention was necessary in seven cases (4.3%). Hematoma at the site of the arterial puncture were the most frequent complications, requiring acute surgical intervention (n = 3). In two patients, acute vascular occlusion after PTA required bypass operation and thrombendarteriectomy, respectively. In one patient, presenting with an iliac stenosis, PTA was performed using a transaxillar approach and was complicated by an axillar hematoma due to the ruptur of the arteria subscapularis. Furthermore, one patient with an extended hematoma of the abdominal wall required surgical intervention. The results presented indicate that PTA of the lower extremities for treatment of arterial occlusive disease is a procedure with low risk. Complications, which require acute operative therapy, can be treated mostly successful by small surgical interventions.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1987

[Gallbladder perforation on the computed tomogram].

Seven cases of perforated gallbladder disclosed by computed tomography are reported. In all cases the symptoms were obvious. As clinical signs and ultrasound do not always give reliable results, computer tomography plays an important rôle in the diagnosis of gallbladder perforation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Rupture of the spleen by penetration of pancreatic pseudocysts.

2 patients with known chronic recurrent pancreatitis and proven pancreatic pseudocysts in the tail of the pancreas developed a pseudocystic invasion of the spleen followed by tryptic erosion of it. This complication, previously seldom reported, occurred twice in one year, the diagnosis being achieved by CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Asymptomatic pulmonary embolism following pacemaker implantation.

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the incidence of pulmonary embolism after pacemaker implantation, and to assess the benefits, if any, of postoperative prophylactic heparin therapy. Twenty of 40 patients were given low-dose heparin therapy; the remaining 20 patients were the control group and were not treated. Assignment to one of these groups was made alternately, in chronological order according to the time of implantation. Only tined leads with silicone insulation were used. All patients were mobilized on their first postoperative day. Pulmonary scintigraphy was performed before implantation, two weeks after implantation and again 12 months later. A pulmonary embolism was defined as evidence of new perfusion defects after implantation. There were no such defects in the group treated with heparin; the control group (20 patients) had three cases of perfusion defects within a 14-day postoperative period. Twelve months later, no further perfusion defects were observed in any patient. Thus, our study revealed a 15% incidence of asymptomatic pulmonary embolism following pacemaker implantation in patients not given prophylactic heparin therapy.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1985

What you say and how you say it: the contribution of speech content and voice quality to judgments of others.

In three studies, judgments based on separated channels (speech content, voice quality, face alone and body alone) were correlated with judgments based on combined channels (speech, face + speech, and face + body + speech). The judges observed spontaneous behavior in two different types of interview situations and rated various aspects of the behavior. Correlations between separated and combined channels varied significantly depending on the kind of behavior judged, the attribute rated, and whether other channels of information were available.

Emotions↗
PubMed1982

Doxepin effects on chronic pain, depression and plasma opioids.

Thirty patients with chronic low back or cervical pain combined with clinical depression were studied in a six-week, randomized, double-blind comparison of doxepin and placebo. Dependent variables included Hamilton Depression Scores, the Clinical Global Assessment Scale, and Profile of Mood States (POMS), and subjective ratings (visual analogue scales) of pain severity, percent of time pain felt, and effect of pain on activity, muscle tension, sleep, mood, and analgesic drug consumption. Plasma levels of doxepin, desmethyldoxepin, beta-endorphin, and enkephalin-like activity were also measured. Significant improvements in the doxepin-treated group compared to the placebo group were seen in Hamilton scores, Global Assessment Scale, Profile of Mood States, percent of time pain felt, and effect of pain on sleep, muscle tension, and mood. Some improvement was observed after 1 week, although most improvement occurred at 6 weeks, when the mean doxepin dose was 2.5 mg/kg and plasma doxepin and desmethyldoxepin averaged 70 ng/ml. Nonspecific enkephalin-like activity (but not beta-endorphins) increased for the treatment group and decreased for the placebo group. The efficacy of doxepin compared with that of placebo was thus documented in several depressive and pain parameters, indicating that doxepin is a valuable treatment for patients with chronic pain and depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Repair of psoralen-treated DNA by genetic recombination in human cells infected with herpes simplex virus.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 was treated with 4,5'-8-trimethylpsoralen (psoralen) plus near-ultraviolet light in order to produce lesions (monoadducts and DNA cross-links) in the viral DNA. Human fibroblasts were infected by damaged virus under conditions in which either a single virus particle or several particles entered a given cell, and the fraction of virus-producing cells was determined. This fraction was significantly greater for multiply infected cells than for singly infected cells, indicating that the psoralen lesions are repaired more efficiently in the present of homologous, damaged DNA (multiplicity reactivation). Evidence is presented that herpes simplex virus may code for functions which participate in its own repair, both during multiplicity reactivation and during repair which occurs in singly infected cells: (a) host cells deficient in repair of lesions induced by psoralen (xeroderma pigmentosum) or the DNA cross-linking agent mitomycin C (Fanconi's anemia) exhibited normal levels of multiplicity reactivation of psoralen-treated herpes virus; (b) while xeroderma pigmentosum cells have been previously shown to be deficient in repair of psoralen-treated adenovirus under conditions of single infection, herpes virus is repaired at near normal levels in these same cells. Recombination levels between genetically marked pairs of herpes viruses were found to increase after treatment of the parental viruses with psoralen, suggesting that psoralen damage stimulates genetic recombination. This stimulation provides convincing evidence for a repair pathway in which genetic recombination between damaged viral genomes can lead to the production of viable virus.

Cell Transformation, Viral↗
PubMed1979

[The diagnosis of liver metastases. A comparison of sonography, scintigraphy and biochemical findings (author's transl)].

The value of biochemical methods, scintigraphy and sonography in the diagnosis of liver metastases was compared in 150 patients. Of the laboratory methods, gamma-GT proved the most suitable screening method. A negative scan was of considerable value in excluding liver metastases. Positive findings are not always definite and require confirmation. Ultrasound, because of its high accuracy, is the most valuable method for excluding or demonstrating liver metastases. Suggestions for diagnostic procedures are made as a result of these findings.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Ultrasound diagnosis of renal stones (author's transl)].

Infusion urography and ultrasound examinations were performed in 54 patients in order to diagnose renal stones. The patients were examined because of upper abdominal pain, suspected renal calculi or for follow-up of known calculi. In 20 patients, stones could be demonstrated by both methods. In four patients, radiological suspicion of the presence of stones was not confirmed by ultrasound. In two patients ultrasound produced false positives and in seven patients renal stones were demonstrated only by sonography. These results were obtained with a mechanical sector scanner. The advantages and disadvantages of compound and of real-time-scanners and their place in the diagnosis of kidney stones are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[The value of ultra-sound examinations for tumours and hyperplasia of the adrenals (author's transl)].

The results of ultrasound examination of the adrenals in 76 patients are described. In ten patients, tumours were found and in five there was bilateral hyperplasia of the adrenals due to Cushing's syndrome; these were confirmed at operation or by autopsy or angiography. Two false positive and two false negative findings were corrected at operation. In 57 patients negative findings were confirmed by the subsequent clinical course. An accuracy of 88% in positive and 97% in negative findings is related to the composition of the clinical material and the size of the tumours. The value of sonography is compared with other methods of localisation.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗