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Biomedical subjects

K Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Taguchi.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Influences on drugs on evoked potentials in the cat cerebellum: I. Effects of CNS depressants and stimulants on the cerebellar afferent pathways.

The effects of drugs on the potentials evoked by electrical stimulation on the sensorimotor area (SMA), nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (PTRN), nucleus reticularis lateralis (LRN), nucleus olivaris inferior (ION), or superficial radial nerve (SR) were investigated in cat cerebellar cortices. Pentobarbital-Na decreased the amplitude of the potentials evoked by all stimulations at every recording site. Pentobarbital-Na remarkably decreased the SMA- or PTRN-stimulation induced evoked potentials in the anterior lobe. Chlorpromazine decreased the amplitude of the potentials evoked by SMA stimulation on the anterior lobe and ipsilateral crus l, and the drug increased it on the posterior lobe and contralateral crus l. With precerebellar nuclei stimulations, chlorpromazine decreased the amplitude of the evoked potentials in cerebellar cortices, whereas SR stimulation-evoked potentials were remarkably increased in amplitude. Meprobamate increased the amplitude of the potentials evoked by precerebellar nuclei or SR stimulation at an early stage and then decreased it. Caffeine, picrotoxin, and strychnine remarkably increased the amplitude of the potentials in cerebellar cortices evoked by all stimulations. Strychnine in particular significantly increased the amplitude of the potentials evoked by SR stimulation. These results strongly indicate that CNS depressants and stimulants affect the cerebellar afferent pathways, probably in an indirect manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Inhibitory effects of aryl trans-4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate and aryl trans-4-(guanidinomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate on serine proteases, and their antiallergic effects.

Since serine protease in involved in histamine release from mast cells, we attempted to prepare new protease inhibitors, trans-4-(guanidinomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (GmcHX-CO2H) esters, and examined their inhibitory effects on typical serine proteases and on histamine release induced by compound 48/80. We compared their effects with those of trans-4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (AmcHx-CO2H) esters. AmcHxCO2H and GmcHxCO2H esters inhibited the esterolytic activity of trypsin, but GmcHx-CO2H esters had little or no inhibitory effect on caseinolytic activity whereas AmcHxCO2H esters strongly inhibited the latter. AmcHCO2H esters strongly inhibited plasmin but had no effect on chymotrypsin. GmcHxCO2H esters strongly inhibited the esterolytic activity of chymotrypsin, but had no effect on chymotrypsin-induced caseinolysis. Both GmcHxCO2H an AmcHxCO2H esters inhibited urokinase. Of the esters of AmcHxCO2H and GmcHxCO2H tested, only GmcHxCO2H p-tert-butylphenyl ester (GmcHxCOOPhBut) at low concentration (27 microM) strongly inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80. GmcHxCOOPhBut was effective in preventing active systemic anaphylaxis and passively sensitized guinea pigs. Its effectiveness in preventing anaphylactic phenomena might be due to its strong inhibitory effects on histamine release from mast cells.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Follow-up study of giant cell tumor of bone.

Forty-two patients with giant-cell tumor of bone were treated by various surgical procedures. Local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis were surveyed with respect to the operation performed. A high incidence of local recurrence was observed in the group who underwent curettage for the bone lesion. Four cases had pulmonary metastasis and three died of tumor. Adequate surgical treatment of giant-cell tumors of bone needs at least en bloc resection of the bone lesion with reconstruction. Although the microscopic findings in our malignant cases differed somewhat from benign ones, it was very difficult to predict later malignant change from the histological features of the initial stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Actions of desoxynupharidine hydrochloride in the central nervous system of experimental animals (I).

The effects of desoxynupharidine hydrochloride (DN) as the extractive component of the Nuphar japonicum DC on the central nervous system were studied. In the acute cats, DN (1-3 mg/kg, i.v.) produced 8-10 Hz waves in the hypothalamus lateralis and amygdala, and the hippocampal arousal wave gave way to the irregular high amplitude slow waves. In the midbrain reticular formation, nucl. reticularis and cortex, 12-13 Hz waves and high amplitude slow waves increased. A sleep-like pattern with spindle burst-like waves formed the general pattern of all EEGs. These spontaneous EEG activities were significantly inhibited by epinephrine hydrochloride and were potentiated by tolazoline hydrochloride and dibenamine hydrochloride etc. The above EEG changes were obtained even in the spinal cats. DN depressed the EEG arousal response produced by high frequency stimulation of the sciatic nerve and increased the threshold of stimulation. In the chronic cats, DN (1 mg/kg, i.v.) produced spindle burst-like waves of 12-14 Hz in the cortex and sedation concomitantly. These findings suggest that DN has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system and that adrenergic neurons are probably involved.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1981

Actions of desoxynupharidine hydrochloride in the central nervous system of cats (II).

Effects of desoxynupharidine hydrochloride (DN) on the central nervous system of cats were studied using electric physiological techniques. With regard to the EEG arousal responses, DN (1-3 mg/kg, i.v.) inhibited the responses induced by midbrain reticular formation and posterior hypothalamus (P-Hypo) stimulation. The threshold voltage of stimulation was elevated. DN decreases the amplitude of the augmenting response and the recruiting response induced by the stimulation of specific and non-specific pathways in the thalamus. As to the evoked potentials in the somatosensory area I, DN decreased the amplitude of the fast and late components. This compound slightly inhibited the monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes, in the spinal cats. With regard to autonomic responses on stimulation of the P-Hypo, DN decreased contractions in the nictitating membrane, the hypertensive action and the galvanic skin response. Our findings indicate that the inhibitory effects of DN on the central nervous system may be related to the brainstem reticular formation and the hypothalamus activating system, the non-specific pathway, the specific pathway and the limbic system etc., and may involve the central anti-adrenergic actions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Absorption and excretion of cefotaxime and its levels in uterine arterial blood, female internal genital organ tissue and pelvic cavity fluid (author's transl)].

Following results were obtained from intravenous single administration of cefotaxime 2 g by measuring its levels in uterine arterial blood, elbow venous blood, ovary, oviduct, several sites in uterine tissue, and in the fluid excreted in the dead space formed by radical hysterectomy. (1) Uterine artery and elbow vein blood levels revealed marked increase immediately after administration followed by gradual reduction at slow rate. (2) Peak levels in female internal genital organ tissue were achieved 12 approximately 19 minutes after cefotaxime administration, and ranged between 5 to 8 mcg/g independently from measurement site. In cervix uteri, portio vaginalis high concentration of 4.9 approximately 5.7 mcg/g was achieved within ten minutes after drug administration. (3) In the fluid excreted in the dead space formed by radical hysterectomy cefotaxime levels were maintained around 15 mcg/ml level throughout 5 approximately 6 hours following its administration, and gradually decreased at slow rate later.

Cefotaxime↗
PubMed1981

Transapical left ventricular bypass for infants and newborns: an acute experiment using dogs.

This study was designed to extend the clinical indications of ventricular bypass to infants and newborns with severe left ventricular failure. The circuit is composed of 8-mm polyvinyl chloride tubing, microfilter, local heparinization circuit, and outflow-withdrawal cannulas of 10F to 20F. Filling capacity is 150-270 ml. In acute nonpulsatile left ventricular bypass experiments using six dogs weighing 3-7 kg, a bypass equivalent to 100% of the cardiac output prior to bypass could be attained in both normal and induced failure model of heart. Through left ventricular bypass the effects of left ventricular support such as marked reduction of LVP, LVmax dp/dt, and TTI were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Transapical left ventricular bypass with local heparinization for prolonged circulatory support.

An avcothanized vinyl sheet consisting of a Pall filter, 2 pressure monitoring lilnes, 2 heparinization lines, and a roller pump was used for transapical left ventricular bypass in 36 calves and 11 patients. Blood was returned to the abdominal or ascending aorta or carotid artery. Prolonged left ventricular flow unloading was carried out. All 31 calves that underwent left ventricular bypass and 5 calves that underwent left ventricular bypass and 5 calves that underwent biventricular bypass survived the scheduled period of bypass of up to 7 weeks except for 2 calves that died of accidental air embolism and 2 that were deliberately sacrificed due to infection. Local heparinization for 6 days followed by oral anticoagulation to maintain the prothrombin time at 150-200% of normal were effective in keeping the animals from bleeding and preventing thromboembolism. Eleven critically ill patients with severe heart disease were supported with left or biventricular bypass for periods of up to 172 hours. Four patients ultimately recovered, and 3 others were successfully weaned from bypass and expired 1-4 months later.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Subjective visual symptoms and electroencephalographic analysis before and after removal of occipital falx meningioma.

A 41-year-old patient underwent surgery for the partial removal of a posterior falx meningioma, which invaded deeply into both occipital lobes. After surgery, the patient complained of marked metamorphopsia, colored photopsia, afterimage and loss of stereopsia. The relationships between these symptoms and features of the VEP and EEG power spectra (both under resting and photic driving conditions) were investigated. Marked photopsia on the 4th postoperative day was accompanied by EEG features indicating asynchronous excitation of injured cortical cells, while the presence of a strong afterimage on days 17 through 24 coincided with indications of an apparent refractoriness in cortical activation.

Adult↗