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Biomedical subjects

K Umeyama

Publications and source records attributed to K Umeyama.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Clinicopathological and histochemical studies of linitis plastica type gastric cancer with special reference to early gastric cancer in the region of the fundic gland.

In this study, early gastric cancer in the region of the fundic gland was found to occur predominantly in women. Many lesions of this type were identified in the posterior wall of the middle portion of the stomach. Histologically, the lesions were classified as poorly differentiated carcinomas in all cases of early cancer. On the other hand, in 9 patients with cancer of linitis plastica type having IIc lesions (less than 2.0 cm in diameter) located in the region of the fundic gland, the tumor focus was also in the posterior wall of the middle portion of the stomach. Giant folds were present diffusely in all other portions of the gastric mucosa in these latter cases. These cases also had diffuse infiltration of cancer cells into the submucosa, muscle layer and extraserosal regions. Histologically, the lesions were classified, in all cases of linitis plastica type, as poorly differentiated carcinomas including signet ring cells. Acid mucopolysaccharides (AMPS) and sialic acid were histochemically detected in the interstitial tissues of early gastric carcinomas and linitis plastica type gastric cancers. The AMPS digestion rates were higher for early cancer tissue. The present results support the hypothesis that early gastric cancer in the region of the fundic gland may occur in conditions favorable to tumor growth and may develop into cancer of linitis plastica type.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

An immunohistological study of breast cancer--with special reference to the expression of carbohydrate antigens and estrogen receptor status.

An investigation carried out on 100 cases of primary breast cancer, both clinicopathologically and immunohistologically, revealed estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases to be found significantly more often in early stage cancer than advanced stage cancer. On the other hand, ER negative cases were found to have a greater incidence of high-grade lymph node metastasis and were seen significantly more frequently in large tumors. Span-1, CA19-9, and SLEX antigens were detected in 33 per cent, 38 per cent, and 64 per cent of the total cases, respectively and the ratio of ER negative cases was significantly higher in each antigen positive group. Irrespective of the presence or absence of lymph node metastasis, ER negative cases were found significantly more often in antigen-positive groups than in their counterparts and tumor size tended to be greater in the antigen-positive cases. The results of this study thus indicated that the disease progression in breast cancer appears to be correlated with ER status and carbohydrate antigen expression.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

A modified version of Herrera's method for creating a pancreatic fistula in dogs.

Various cannulae have been devised to serve in experiments for collecting pancreatic juice. In this study we created a pancreatic fistula in dogs through a modification of Herrera's method. Since it is advisable to make as small a duodenal pouch as possible to collect almost all the secreted pancreatic juice, both ends of the pouch were closed by an inverted continuous all-layer suture. The lateral flange of the cannula was then introduced into the pouch to sample the pancreatic juice. Duodenoduodenostomy was performed to restore continuity of the alimentary tract, and the other end was inserted into the duodenum 3 cm distal to the anastomosis on the anal side. The exocrine pancreatic secretion of these dogs responded well to food ingestion, with a peak level of 14.5 +/- 5.4 ml/15 min appearing after 30 to 45 min in a postprandial state. Moreover, the animals were able to survive and be utilized for experiments for a period of 3 to 5 months. This experimental model is therefore considered to be of great value for the investigation of exocrine pancreatic secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Transpyloric prolapse of a pedunculated polypoid gastric carcinoma.

A patient with transpyloric prolapse of a pedunculated polypoid gastric carcinoma is reported. Only three previous cases have been reported in the international literatures. However, in Japan, 33 cases of prolapsed gastric carcinoma have been reported during the past 30 years. Prolapsed gastric carcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of localized intraluminal filling defects in the duodenal bulb. Endoscopy and biopsy are essential for correct diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Effect of a synthetic protease inhibitor (Fut-175) on coagulation abnormalities during experimental acute pancreatitis in dogs.

The coagulation disturbance observed during severe acute pancreatitis before and after the infusion of a new synthetic low molecular weight protease inhibitor (Fut-175) was compared. The coagulo-fibrinolytic changes after acute pancreatitis was induced by the intraductal injection of an autologous bile and trypsin mixture showed decreased platelet counts, decreased plasma fibrinogen levels, prolonged partial prothrombin time and increased fibrinogen degradation products. In addition, markers of hypercoagulation showed increased fibrin-peptide A and decreased antithrombin III. The two markers of fibrinolysis showed increased B beta 15-42 immunoreactive peptide and decreased alpha 2 antiplasmin. After the infusion of Fut-175, the coagulo-fibrinolytic abnormalities, which were observed during severe acute pancreatitis without infusion of Fut-175, were improved. Furthermore, Fut-175 could suppress the rise in fibrino-peptide A and B beta 15-42 immunoreactive peptide and decrease in antithrombin III and alpha 2 antiplasmin. Thus, Fut-175 seems to be an effective inhibitor of protease-mediated hypercoagulation and fibrinolysis in severe acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Comparative studies of the healing process after recurrent edematous and hemorrhagic pancreatitis in rats.

This study reports the serial histologic changes of the healing process of relapsing edematous and hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis induced in rats by the close duodenal loop. Serum amylase levels in single, second and third attacks of edematous acute pancreatitis, and single and second attacks of hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis were elevated significantly compared with that of preligation levels (P less than 0.01), but the concentrations were similar in the five groups. However, the histologic findings were different. The results showed that repeated attacks may lead to more obvious damage to the pancreas compared with the first attack of either edematous or hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis. After elimination of causal factors the single attack of edematous acute pancreatitis healed completely but the destructive and hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis usually healed with scarring. Repeated attacks of edematous acute pancreatitis may lead to more chronic pancreatic damage and repeated attacks of destructive and hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis healed with more chronic pancreatic damage than that of repeated attacks of edematous acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study on 32 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy at Osaka City University Hospital].

We retrospectively reviewed 32 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy at our hospital for the last fourteen years. 1) Clinical appearance of primary hyperparathyroidism was in younger age in women. 2) In previous history or at the time of PTX, 9 patients had malignant tumors including 6 thyroid cancers, 36% of the patients with out bone related symptoms had a remarkable decrease in bone mineral content. 3) After PTX, none of patients had recurrent urolithiasis and bone mineral content of all patients was significantly increased in a short time. In addition, upper GI complaints were improved, or hypertension was partially normalized. However, renal insufficiency remained unchanged. 4) In preoperative localization study, Ultrasound sonography (US) demonstrated the best accuracy rate of 88% when only one gland was involved. US was able to detect multiple gland involvement only in 20% of 5 cases. 5) Hypercalciuria was recognized as one of the risk factors of stone formation in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[Establishment of monoclonal antibodies against purified mucin from human pancreatic cell line].

Thirty four murine monoclonal antibodies were produced against mucin which was isolated from nude mouse xenografts of the SW1990 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line. Twelve of them reacted with formalin-fixed SW1990 cells. The antigenic determinants of these antibodies were composed of carbohydrates and their immunoreactivities were predominant at CsCl fraction #6. The remaining 22 antibodies did not react with formalin-fixed cells, 5 epitope specificities of which antibodies are present in the polypeptide part or the part of linkage between oligosaccharide and polypeptide and the immunoreactivities were predominant at CsCl fraction #5. Immunohistochemical study showed that the incidence of epitope expression of the latter 22 antibodies were higher in pancreatic cancer tissues and lower in normal pancreatic tissues than that of the former 12 antibodies. The incidence of Nd2 (one of the 22 antibodies) expression was highest in pancreatic cancer tissues and lowest in normal tissues. ELISA showed that Nd2 antigen was non-secreting type. In vivo tumor distribution studies showed that Nd2 antibody tended to accumulate in cancer tissues. These results seem to support the clinical availability of Nd2.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical investigation of 10 patient with amebic dysentery].

Data were obtained in 10 patients with amebic dysentery at Osaka Socio-Medical Center hospital during the period from April 1985, to April 1989. All of the patients were male, and their average age was 41 years old. In the past history, all of them had never gone to foreign country, and 7 patients had the habit of homosexual love. In the serological test, positive rate of antiamebic antibody was 100% (6/6) by agar gel diffusion, that of antibody of Toreponema pallidum was 60% (6/10) by TPHA, but anti AIDS antibody was not detected (0/3) by HIV. Detectability of Entoamoeba hystolitica was 70% (7/10) in stool, 50% (2/4) in liver abscess, 25% (1/4) in biopsied specimens of rectal mucosa. Then, we fund that the serological test for antiamebic antigen was useful for diagnosis of this disease, and suspected that homosexual contact contributed to the infection of E. hystolitica.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic measurement of gastric mucosal blood flow with special reference to the effect of sclerotherapy in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Gastric mucosal blood flow plays an important role as a background factor in the pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal lesion. In this study, endoscopic measurement of regional gastric mucosal blood flow was performed on 41 patients with esophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis to ascertain the possible relations of this parameter to liver function, portal pressure, and acute gastric mucosal lesion. The effect of sclerotherapy and of esophageal transection on gastric mucosal blood flow were also investigated. Regional gastric mucosal blood flow in either the antrum or the corpus was significantly decreased in these patients, compared with normal controls. There was also a significant difference in gastric mucosal blood flow between two subgroups of patients, one with gastric mucosal lesions and the other without these lesions. Sclerosing therapy for esophageal varices tended to affect this parameter. Gastric mucosal blood flow had no significant correlation with portal pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Basic and clinical evaluation of measurement of pancreatic cancer associated antigen, SPan-1].

Basic evaluation of SPan-1 assay (SPan-1 RIA. BEAD) and clinical significance of serum SPan-1 levels for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer were studied. This assay was reproducible, reliable and simple to perform. It required minimal samples (duplicate 50 microliters) and may be done within 4 hrs. Normal subjects (N = 1182) had serum SPan-1 antigen levels which ranged 0 to 42.8 units/ml with a mean of 7.5 units/ml and above 40 units/ml was considered to be positive. SPan-1 antigen levels in cultured medium of four out of five pancreatic cancer cell lines showed more than 1000 units/ml by this assay. While over 90% of pancreatic cancer patients had elevated levels of serum SPan-1 antigen, only 0-17% of patients with other malignant and non malignant gastrointestinal diseases such as pancreatitis (chronic or acute), gastric cancer or colon cancer had above normal levels. Furthermore, levels of serum SPan-1 antigen correlated well with treatment and recurrence of disease in patients with pancreatic and gastric cancer. These results suggest that determination of serum SPan-1 antigen levels by this assay kit is useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of pancreatic cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

[An early cancer of the descending colon, histologically showing a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma].

Reported is the case of a 71 year-old male with a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon that had invaded the submucosal layer. A barium enema had revealed a polyp, 1.5 cm in diameter, in the descending colon, and an endoscopic polypectomy was performed. The resected specimen mainly consisted of an adenoma and a partial, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma that had massively infiltrated into the submucosal layer. A left hemicolectomy was carried out, and no carcinoma was identified in the resected colon and/or the regional lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of human pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (SPan-1 antigen) in hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases].

We studied clinical significance of serum SPan-1 antigen, which is human pancreatic cancer associated antigen, in hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases employing newly developed kit. The sensitivity of serum SPan-1 antigen levels for pancreatic cancer, gallbladder carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, bile duct cancer were 90.9%, 77.8%, 60.7%, 60.0% respectively. No correlation was found between serum SPan-1 antigen levels and total bilirubin levels. SPan-1 positivity in patients with hepatic disease including hepatocellular carcinoma was rather high, but there were few cases more than 100 U/ml. The mechanism of the elevated level was supposed to be release of the antigen from bile-duct epithelium, and this must be taken into consideration at diagnosis referred to serum SPan-1 antigen level.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

[Hemodynamic and microcirculatory changes in the liver in experimental acute pancreatitis of dogs].

To investigate the hemodynamic changes of the liver in acute pancreatitis the microcirculation of the liver, portal venous flow, hepatic artery blood flow, cardiac index were measured in 15 dogs with acute pancreatitis induced by autologous bile and trypsin injection into the main pancreatic duct during the experimental period for 5 hrs. The effect of protease inhibitor (PATM) in a dose of 3 mg/kg/kg/hr on those hemodynamic changes was investigated in another series of acute pancreatitis in dogs. In acute pancreatitis hepatic microcirculation decreased to 26 +/- 15 ml/min/100g at 5 hrs after onset of pancreatitis, portal venous flow and hepatic artery flow decreased to 86 +/- 16 ml/min and 66 +/- 30 ml/min at 5 hrs, respectively. The administration of PATM maintained the portal blood flow during the first 2 hrs and showed a trend of decreasing to 219 +/- 93 ml/min at 5 hrs. The hepatic microcirculation showed 77 +/- 25 ml/min/100g and 72 +/- 14 ml/min/100g at 1 and 2 hrs respectively and then decreased to 47 +/- 21 ml/min/100g at 5 hrs. We concluded hemodynamic and microcirculatory changes of the liver in acute pancreatitis was disturbed due to the decreased portal and hepatic artery flow, however, the administration of PATM has an effect of improvement of liver microcirculation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Experimental gastric cancer induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats.

MNNG-induced experimental gastric cancer developed in the pyloric glandular region. Many of the tumors produced were well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas of elevated type. According to the degree of depth invasion, a majority of the tumors were classified as early-stage lesions invading within submucosal layer. There were two poorly differentiated lesions, which were both recognized as serosal neoplastic involvements. The tumors were positively stained by toluidine blue (pH 4.1) to indicate the presence of stroma. The Brdu-LI determined for gastric mucosal epithelial cells was significantly higher in the MNNG-treated group than in the untreated control group. However, the LI for cancer tissue in the MNNG-treated group did not significantly differ from that for gastric mucosa in the same group.

Animals↗