PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Umeyama

Publications and source records attributed to K Umeyama.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Estrogen receptor status and expression of carbohydrate antigens in breast cancer].

Seventy-six cases of primary cancer of the breast were studied by clinicopathological examination and immunohistological examination using monoclonal antibodies. They were composed of 40 cases positive for estrogen receptor (ER) and 36 cases negative for ER, the ER-positive rate being 52.6%. ER was detected more frequently in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group, though the ER-positive rate was not significantly different between the two groups. The disease was advanced with a large tumor (greater than t3) and high-grade lymph node metastasis in ER-negative cases compared with ER-positive cases. The carbohydrate antigens specific to SPan-1, CA 19-9 and SLEX were found in 34.2%, 39.5% and 68.4% of the cases studied, respectively. These antigens were detected more often, if not significantly, in cases with a large mass and high-grade metastasis than in those with a small mass and without metastasis or with low-grade metastasis. The SPan-1-positive rate was significantly higher in ER-negative cases graded t1 or t2 than in ER-positive cases falling under the same category of tumor size. Significant differences were also noticed between the ER-negative and ER-positive groups with respect to CA 19-9-positive rate (t2 category) and SLEX-positive rate (t3 category). Similar data were obtained when our cases were classified by the degree of lymph node metastasis. In consequence, the present observations suggested that the expression of carbohydrate antigens in primary breast cancer and disease progress might be correlated with ER status.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinico-histochemical studies on type 4 carcinoma of the stomach--with special reference to mucopolysaccharides and sialic acid in tumor tissue.

One hundred and twenty-one patients with gastric cancer of Borrman IV (type 4) were classified into two types according to the macroscopic appearance of their tumors, namely, those tumors with giant folds (type G, n = 84) and those without giant folds (type P, n = 37). A large percentage of the cases in both type groups had advanced stage carcinoma. Type G was found to be predominant in young women and the incidence of high-grade lymph node metastasis was higher in type G than in type P. Histochemically, it was shown that the tumor interstitium of type G contained obviously many more acid mucopolysaccharides (AMPS) than the localized Borrman II (type 2) gastric cancer, which was used as a control. The results of enzymatic digestion tests suggested that the amounts of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and sialic acid were greater in type G than in type P or the localized type, the differences involved being marked between type G and the localized type.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Effects of a newly synthesized pancreatic protease inhibitor (PATM) on pancreatic microcirculation in experimental acute pancreatitis.

Pancreatic inschemia, especially due to pancreatic microcirculation disturbance, has been considered to trigger and aggravate acute pancreatitis. In this work experimental acute pancreatitis was produced by autologous bile and trypsin in mongrel dogs to study the time-course changes in systemic and local hemodynamics in association with disease progress. In addition, the effects of a new synthetic pancreatic protease inhibitor (PATM, 3 mg/kg/hr, i.v.) on systemic and local circulation were examined. In animals with untreated pancreatitis the mean baseline pancreatic microflow was 55.6 +/- 17.0 ml/min/100g before the onset of pancreatitis and this decreased by 22% and 52% at 1 hr and 5 hr, respectively. The femoral arterial pressure and cardiac index also decreased during the 5 hr experiment at period in comparison with the respective preoperative levels. The portal venous flow showed a sharp reduction immediately after the onset of pancreatitis, staying at a low level thereafter. The pancreatic microflow was significantly improved by PATM treatment for the first 60 min and the portal venous flow for the first 120 min. PATM treatment prevented the decrease in femoral arterial pressure, although it failed to exert any appreciable effect upon the cardiac index. These findings suggest that intravenous administration of PATM might be of value for improving the pancreatic microflow and portal venous flow, at least in the early stage of experimental acute pancreatitis in dogs.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Fat emulsion in surgical patients with liver disorders.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with fat emulsion was evaluated in 68 patients with liver disorders who were admitted to the First Department of Surgery, Osaka City University Medical School. All patients received transabdominal direct operation for esophageal varices. Immediately after their operations, 28 received TPN with carbohydrate and fat emulsion as an energy source (FAT group), and 40 received TPN with only carbohydrate as an energy source (non-FAT group). Liver function tests, blood glucose levels, intravenous fat tolerance tests, serum lipid levels, fatty acid composition of serum total lipids, and nitrogen balance of the two groups were compared during postoperative TPN. The administration of fat emulsion during postoperative TPN in patients with liver disorders did not worsen the results of liver function tests and the relatively low levels of blood glucose were retained, thereby correcting the abnormalities in the fatty acid composition of serum total lipids. Rates of clearance of fat emulsion during postoperative TPN were significantly higher than in the preoperative period, and changes in serum lipid levels revealed no tendency toward retention of fat emulsion administered intravenously. Nitrogen balance and change in body weight during postoperative TPN were similar in both groups. These results suggest that for patients with liver disorders, the administration of fat emulsion is useful during postoperative TPN.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1989

Human monoclonal antibody prepared from lymphocytes of pancreatic cancer patients.

We have succeeded in establishing a human monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OC2D against pancreatic cancer cells using lymphocytes from pancreatic cancer patients and a human lymphoblastoid cell line HO323. The reactivity of OC2D using various cell lines and immunoperoxidase staining showed a rather specific effect for malignant cells such as those of pancreatic, gastric, and colon cancers. The antigen recognized by OC2D appeared to be nonsecreting and was mainly found on the cell surface, and various enzyme treatments showed that the epitope was an asialosylated carbohydrate. The hybridoma OC2D has continued to produce human MoAb for 10 months after fusion and grew stably in serum-free medium as well as in serum-containing medium. These results suggest that this human MoAb OC2D is useful for both imaging and targeting therapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[The measurement of hepatic circulation before and after orthotopic liver transplantation in dog--by using transit-time blood flow meter and H2 clearance method].

Orthotopic liver transplantation was successfully carried out in 40 mongrel dogs, in which hepatic circulation was investigated before and after grafting. Blood flows in hepatic artery, portal vein and intrahepatic inferior vena cava were measured by using transit-time ultrasonic blood flow meter and regional tissue blood flow was determined by hydrogen gas clearance method. Before transplantation the mean blood flows were 234 +/- 95mg/min in portal vein, 118 +/- 76ml/min in hepatic artery and 291 +/- 103ml/min in inferior vena cava in 40 recipients. The blood flow ratio of portal vein and hepatic artery was 2.9 +/- 2.2. The mean regional blood flow of the liver was 63 +/- 24ml/min/100g. After transplantation, the mean blood flows decreased to 189 +/- 86ml/min in portal vein, 77 +/- 51ml/min in hepatic artery and 179 +/- 111ml/min in inferior vena cava and the regional tissue blood flow was 57 +/- 25ml/min/100g. Hepatic arterial flow decreased by 37 percent after transplantation, however, portal venous flow decreased by 24 percent and the regional blood flow decreased by 9 percent after transplantation of the liver. These data suggested that the microcirculation of the liver was slightly disturbed after liver transplantation in dog, which was in part due to the decreased blood flows of the hepatic artery and portal vein.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Plasma beta-endorphin and the effect of naloxone on hemodynamic changes during experimental acute pancreatitis in dogs.

The effect of endogenous pituitary and pancreatic beta-endorphins in the physiopathologic factors of acute pancreatitis and the effect of opiate antagonist naloxone in these conditions were studied. Pancreatitis was induced by the injection of 0.5 milligram per kilogram of autologous bile mixed with 10,000 units per kilogram of trypsin into the main duct after ligating the accessory duct. After the induction of acute pancreatitis, plasma beta-endorphin concentrations in systemic and portal blood and cardiovascular function were measured. Ten dogs (control group) were given an intravenous injection of 10 milliliters per kilogram per hour of lactate Ringer's solution one hour before the induction of acute pancreatitis. Six (naloxone group) received an intravenous bolus injection of 2 milligrams per kilogram of naloxone at one hour after the induction of acute pancreatitis and then an intravenous infusion of 2 milligrams per kilogram per hour of naloxone was given under the same conditions as for those in the control group. Beta-endorphin in systemic and portal venous blood in those in the control group increased significantly during the experiments. Beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropin hormone in systemic venous blood both in the control and naloxone groups increased simultaneously. However, blood pressure, pulse pressure and cardiac output improved quickly after the bolus injection of naloxone and were well maintained during intravenous infusion of naloxone. Also, naloxone improved the survival time from acute pancreatitis and decreased plasma lactate concentrations. Our data show that beta-endorphin, released mainly from the pituitary gland and not from the pancreas, may have an important role in subsequent cardiovascular depression. Also the opiate antagonist naloxone may be effective in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic usefulness and limitation of measuring pancreatic cancer associate antigen, SPan-1, in patients with pancreatic cancer].

Serum levels of SPan-1 were determined in patients with various gastrointestinal cancers including pancreatic cancer and benign disorders, as well as from healthy subjects, by using a newly developed SPan-1 antigen immunoradiometric assay (SPan-1 RIABEAD, Dainabott). In addition, usefulness of diagnosis for pancreatic cancer by determination of Serum SPan-1 antigen was compared with that of other tumor markers such as CA 19-9, DU-PAN 2, CA 50, CEA and elastase 1 in the same patients. Serum SPan-1 antigen levels in healthy controls ranged from 0 to 156 U/ml with a mean of 7.7 U/ml (+/- 15.0, 2 S.D). Thirty U/ml of serum SPan-1 antigen levels was set as the cut-off value, and 98.9% of healthy controls were within this cut-off value (30 U/ml). Serum SPan-1 antigen levels in pancreatic cancer were distributed from 0-353, 900 U/ml with a mean of 14,466 U/ml (+/- 16.616 SD). Sensitivity of SPan-1 antigen in pancreatic cancer was 81.9%, which was the highest among gastrointestinal cancers, and eight of nine pancreatic cancer patients with stage II showed above normal limits (30 U/ml). Although serum SPan-1 antigen levels in biliary tract cancer and liver cirrhosis showed a high percentage (70.3%, 56.8%), the mean values of SPan-1 antigen levels in these groups were 477 U/ml and 62.8 U/ml, respectively, which was lower than that of pancreatic cancer. False positive ratio of SPan-1 antigen in benign pancreatic disease was lower than that of CA 19-9. Also, comparative studies of SPan-1 antigen and various tumor markers between pancreatic cancer and benign gastrointestinal diseases revealed that SPan-1 antigen showed the highest sensitivity and accuracy in diagnosis for pancreatic cancer among other tumor markers. From these results, measurement of SPan-1 antigen appeared to be the most useful marker in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

Cancer of remnant stomach following gastric surgery for benign conditions.

Eighteen patients received gastrectomy for primary cancer of the gastric remnant were studied clinico-histopathologically. Gastric ulcer had been the most common condition requiring previous gastric surgery, and Billroth II resection had been the most often employed procedure. The cancer of the gastric remnant was in an advanced stage in all patients. Tumors were detected in the sutured or anastomosed region (especially the latter) of the remnant stomach in a great majority of the patients studied. In spite of combined resection of the adjacent organs, such as spleen, pancreas and colon in most patients, curative resection could be done in only a half of them and the prognosis was poor in general. These observations seem to stress the importance of following up gastrectomized patients periodically and precautiously by endoscopic examination with multiple biopsy, because early detection of cancer of remnant stomach may lead to improvements in therapeutic results.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[An analysis of DNA histogram and the expression of carbohydrate antigens regarding the degree of malignancy in gastric cancer].

We investigated both DNA histogram and the expression of carbohydrate antigens concerning to 168 patients with gastric cancer. Gastric cancer with type II DNA ploidy pattern showed a high incidence of vascular invasion and liver metastasis in the DNA analysis. Furthermore, ten patients with Stage II died of recurrence of gastric cancer within 2 years, of these nine patients showed type II or III DNA ploidy pattern. Then, gastric cancer with type II or III DNA ploidy pattern showed a high incidence of the expression of carbohydrate antigens, where they tended to distribute to cytoplasm and stroma. In conclusion, an analysis of nuclear DNA content appeared useful to predict prognosis in gastric cancer, in which type II DNA ploidy pattern showed the highest degree of malignancy, and both the expression of carbohydrate antigens and their localization possibly fill the role of parameter of the degree of malignancy.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1989

An immunohistological study of gastric cancer--with special reference to the expression of carbohydrate antigens and nuclear DNA ploidy patterns.

The expression of carbohydrate antigens specific to Span-1, CA 19.9, and SLEX in cancer tissues and nuclear DNA ploidy patterns were studied from tissue specimens of lesions excised from 137 patients with gastric cancer. The frequency of detection of each antigen was augmented with advanced invasion depth and progress in regional lymph node metastasis. In the cases which were positive for all three kinds of antigens, lymph node metastasis and lymphatic or venous invasion were detected with significantly higher frequencies than in the negative cases. The DNA histograms showed a DNA ploidy pattern of Type Ia or Ib in the cases negative for these antigens and a non-diploid or aneuploid pattern of Type II or III in many of the positive cases. These findings suggest that an immunohistological study of gastric cancer using monoclonal antibodies, combined with a nuclear DNA ploidy analysis, might be useful for understanding malignancy of the tumour.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

An analysis of the DNA ploidy patterns of gastric cancer.

This article deals with DNA measurements by fluorometry of nuclei in 33 freshly obtained specimens and in 109 fixed specimens of gastric cancer in Japanese patients. Histograms of the DNA measurements can be classified into four types (Ia, Ib, II, III). The nuclear DNA patterns had definite, if not significant, correlations with clinical and histologic parameters. For example, 88.2% of the cases classified as Type III were advanced stage disease, whereas early stage cases were predominant in Type Ia. Type II and III were frequently found in hepatic, peritoneal, and lymph node metastasis. The rate of occurrence of polyploid cells was significantly higher in the group with hepatic or lymph node metastasis than in the other group without metastasis. The results of this study show that fluorometric measurement of nuclear DNA is considered one method of determining the biological activity of gastric cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Lex and Ley antigen expression in human pancreatic cancer.

Carbohydrate antigens are useful markers for the serological detection of pancreatic cancer. However, data concerning the expression of structurally well-defined carbohydrate antigens in normal and malignant pancreatic tissue is quite limited. The Lex and Leg antigens are closely related carbohydrate antigens synthesized on type 2 blood group oligosaccharide side chains of glycolipids and glycoproteins. Monoclonal antibodies anti-SSEA-1 and AH6 recognize "simple" Lex and Ley epitopes, respectively, regardless of the length of the carrier carbohydrate. Other monoclonal antibodies recognize Lex (FH4), sialyl Lex (FH6, IB9) or Ley (KH1, CC-1, CC-2) carried only by elongated type 2 side chains with or without internal alpha 1,3 fucosyl substitution. The present comparative immunohistochemical study used tissues of normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer to determine the normal expression of Lex and Ley antigens in the pancreas and to elucidate any cancer-associated alterations. Lex-related antigens were not expressed in normal pancreas, expressed in only 10-20% of chronic pancreatitis tissues, but expressed in 50-70% of pancreatic cancer tissues. The frequency of Lex-related antigen expression in pancreatic cancer tissues was lowest in poorly differentiated cancers. Within a given specimen, at least three or all four of the Lex recognizing monoclonal antibodies were simultaneously expressed. Unlike Lex antigens, Ley-related antigens were expressed in 32-77% of specimens of normal pancreas, with similar frequencies in specimens of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. In normal pancreas, simple Ley was expressed by both ductal and acinar cells, but extended Ley antigens were expressed only by acinar cells. In pancreatic cancer, extended Ley antigen expression was found in less than 10% of poorly differentiated tumors. Coexpression among the Ley-related antigens was less common than with the Lex-related antigens. Also in cancer specimens, simple Lex and simple Lex antigens were often concordantly expressed, whereas extended Lex and extended Ley antigen expression was often discordant. Hyperplastic ducts and ductules associated with pancreatic cancer expressed Lex-related antigens more frequently than morphologically similar lesions associated with chronic pancreatitis. These results demonstrate that Lex-related antigens are cancer-associated determinants in the human pancreas. The discrepant expression between Lex and Ley antigens in these tissues implies altered regulation of fucosyltransferase activity associated with the malignant state.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

The measurement of serum immunoreactive pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor in gastrointestinal cancer and pancreatic disease.

The clinical usefulness of serum pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) in pancreatic disease and gastric and colorectal cancer has been examined. The results showed that serum PSTI in acute pancreatitis was significantly higher than in normal subjects and it was also raised in acute exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis. Although the sensitivities of serum PSTI, amylase and elastase I were similar, serum PSTI in necrotizing hemorrhagic pancreatitis was 2.7 times higher than in mild acute pancreatitis. Only a few patients with chronic pancreatitis showed increased concentrations and the mean value was near normal. The mean PSTI in patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer was higher than normal, although that of gastric cancer was within normal limits. The sensitivity of serum PSTI measurements in patients with these three malignant diseases was only about 30%. The results suggested that the measurement of serum PSTI could be useful in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, but of limited value in the diagnosis of other disease which we examined.

Amylases↗
PubMed1988

Serial histologic study of the development, progression, and healing of acute pancreatitis in the rat.

This study was undertaken to investigate serially the development, progression, and healing of acute pancreatitis which was induced in rats by the closed duodenal loop technique. Edematous changes appeared within 2 to 4 h. Pancreatic blood flow increased at 1 h and tended to decrease after 3 h. After injection of fesin into the loop, fesin appeared in the periacinar space and acinar cells after 4 h. Electron microscopy showed that partial destruction of the plasma membrane occurred and serum amylase increased considerably at the same time, suggesting that the initial inflammatory changes caused the release of pancreatic enzymes at approximately 4 h. After elimination of the causal factors, edematous pancreatitis healed completely but hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis was not completely healed 6 months later.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Mucinous colorectal carcinoma: clinical pathology and prognosis.

Mucinous carcinomas accounted for 37 (6.4%) of 540 cases of colorectal carcinoma. The clinical and pathological features of these mucinous carcinomas were compared with those of the 510 well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. Mucinous carcinoma was more common in the patients 39 years of age or under (P less than 0.05) and was more frequent in the female patients. A large number of mucinous carcinomas were located in the rectum, followed by the right colon. However, the right colon showed a higher relative incidence (40.5% vs 12.5%, P less than 0.005). Mucinous carcinoma was characterized by infiltration of the surrounding tissues (24.3% vs 7.8%, P less than 0.005), positive lymph node involvement (75.7% vs 48.6%, P less than 0.005), and peritoneal implant (21.6% vs 4.1%, P less than 0.005). The cumulative five and ten year survival rates after resection of mucinous carcinoma were 45.5 per cent and 39.8 per cent, respectively, and those after curative resection, 72.4 per cent and 63.5 per cent, respectively. These survival rates were lower, without significant differences, than those for the well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. The results suggest the need for aggressive lymph node dissection and wide excision of the surrounding tissues for mucinous carcinoma, with special attention paid to local recurrence.

Adenocarcinoma↗