Biomedical subjects

K Yasin

Publications and source records attributed to K Yasin.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Octreotide for enterocutaneous fistulas of Crohn's disease.

UNLABELLED: Crohn's disease is a chronic, life-long disease and has many troublesome complications. Fistulas are a part of Crohn's disease, and although there are many therapeutic modalities used in treating these fistulas they are only partially successful. As we are still very far from being able to cure it, the aim is to improve the patients' quality of life and to reduce the iatrogenic harm that may be caused by various treatment modalities. Somatostatin is an inhibitor of intestinal secretion and has been used to treat pancreatic and surgical fistulas. Therefore, we decided to treat enterocutaneous fistulas using somatostatin. METHODS: Five patients with Crohn's disease were treated with four daily injections of 300 microg octreotide. The total period of treatment was eight weeks. RESULTS: Closure of fistulas was achieved in four of the five patients. CONCLUSION: Somatostatin may have a role in treating Crohn's disease enterocutaneous fistulas and may prevent surgery or prolonged immunosuppressive therapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Linear EUS for bile duct stones.

BACKGROUND: Radial scanning endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has been shown, in experienced hands, to be a safe and accurate means of detecting bile duct stones. We compared linear array EUS with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), in our first 50 cases, to evaluate efficacy of this examination as well as the learning curve for this indication. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 50 patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. We compared results of EUS with those of ERCP as a reference. First a linear EUS examination was performed followed by ERCP, at a median interval of 31 days (range 3 to 162 days). RESULTS: The average age of patients was 56 years (range 26 to 76); 48% were women. Fifteen (30%) had undergone cholecystectomy, a mean of 8.5 years (range 1 to 22) before the EUS. EUS compared with ERCP had a 97% sensitivity, 77% specificity, and 90% accuracy. In 14% of patients EUS provided an additional or alternative diagnosis: chronic pancreatitis (n = 3), duodenitis (2), bile duct stricture (1), chronic gastritis (1). No complications were encountered due to EUS. CONCLUSIONS: We found in this early experience that linear array EUS is a reasonably safe and accurate means of detecting choledocholithiasis. Linear array EUS, despite the learning curve, seems to be about equivalent to radial EUS in accuracy. Appropriate use of this less invasive technique may possibly replace the use of diagnostic ERCP.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗

PubMed1994

Hypoglycaemia-induced ischaemic ECG changes.

A patient with an 8 year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was admitted to the emergency ward for hypoglycaemic coma (blood glucose 1.11 mmol/l). The initial electrocardiogram revealed a junctional rhythm and major ischaemia with an ST depression of 6-7 mm. Sinus rhythm and normal repolarization were recovered 15 minutes after administration of 50% glucose. No evidence of myocardial infarction appeared during follow-up. Such hypoglycaemia-induced ECG changes have rarely been documented and no conclusive explanation has been put forward although altered balance between energy supply and demand in myocardial tissue has been suggested. Special care should be taken when administering hypoglycaemic agents to patients at risk for myocardial ischaemia.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗

PubMed1991

Changes in rat luteal ultrastructure and P450scc mRNA and protein content after in vivo treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

Previous studies have demonstrated that plasma progesterone levels decrease in pregnant rats treated in vivo with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-Ag), without changes in testosterone or estradiol levels in ovarian vein plasma. The objective of this study was to determine the loci of GnRH-Ag disruption of progesterone synthesis by examining luteal mitochondria, lipid droplets, cellular composition, and P450 side-chain cleavage (P450scc) enzyme and mRNA content in the pregnant rat. On Day 7 or 11 of pregnancy, osmotic minipumps containing GnRH-Ag were implanted into 5-7 rats. Sham operations were performed on 5-6 controls at each time period. Five micrograms per day of GnRH-Ag were released for about 24 h, after which corpora lutea and jugular vein plasma were collected. The corpora lutea were prepared for microscopy or analyzed for P450scc enzyme and mRNA content. Plasma progesterone levels were measured by RIA. In those rats treated with GnRH-Ag, progesterone levels had decreased, and within the luteal cells, there was an increase in the number of lipid droplets and a decrease in the number of tubular cristae within the mitochondria. Concomitantly, P450scc enzyme and mRNA content decreased on both Day 8 and Day 12 of pregnancy. Also, GnRH-Ag treatment decreased the ratio of large to small steroidogenic luteal cells on Day 8 of pregnancy, but did not alter cellular ratios on Day 12 of pregnancy. These observations suggest that treatment with GnRH-Ag inhibits progesterone synthesis by decreasing the amount of P450scc mRNA and enzyme content, which may alter the mitochondrial cristae structure on Day 8 and Day 12 of pregnancy. The reduction in tubular cristae and P450scc enzyme in the mitochondria may account for the increase in lipid droplets, as less cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone. An additional mechanism of inhibition may be the reduction in the number of large steroidogenic luteal cells, which appear to be the major source of progesterone in the rat corpus luteum on Day 8 of pregnancy.

Animals↗