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Biomedical subjects

L A Devriese

Publications and source records attributed to L A Devriese.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Differentiation between Streptococcus gallolyticus strains of human clinical and veterinary origins and Streptococcus bovis strains from the intestinal tracts of ruminants.

Strains formerly identified as Streptococcus bovis were allotted to two groups by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of whole-cell proteins. Strains from humans with infections, mostly patients with endocarditis, and strains from pigeons with septicemia clustered with the recently described species Streptococcus gallolyticus. The original S. bovis type strain and strains exclusively from ruminants formed the second cluster. The findings indicate that S. gallolyticus is more likely to be involved in human and animal infections than S. bovis. Growth characteristics and several biochemical reactions were found to be useful in the differentiation of S. gallolyticus from S. bovis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Typhlitis caused by intestinal Serpulina-like bacteria in domestic guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).

Between January 1992 and December 1996, Serpulina-like bacteria were demonstrated in intestinal tract lesions from 37 of 88 guinea pigs submitted to the University of Ghent in Ghent, Belgium, for necropsy because of disease and death from different unknown causes. All infected animals had a history of sudden death with minimal introductory clinical signs. Occasionally, they produced yellow, slimy feces or showed nervous signs, but the condition always had a fatal outcome within 24 h. When larger colonies of guinea pigs were involved, the disease spread very rapidly unless treatment with ronidazole was initiated. Lesions consisted of a catarrhal or hemorrhagic inflammation of the colon and cecum (typhlitis). Electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of large numbers of Serpulina-like organisms adhering to the cecal mucosae of these animals. Attempts to isolate the agents failed. The organisms did not stain by an immunofluorescence technique for the detection of Serpulina hyodysenteriae. The present data provide evidence that intestinal Serpulina-like organisms can be important as a cause of disease in guinea pigs.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effects of different test conditions on MICs of food animal growth-promoting antibacterial agents for enterococci.

The influence of the addition of sheep blood to Mueller-Hinton II agar and the effects of aerobic incubation with or without CO2 and of anaerobic incubation were tested with bacitracin, tylosin, avoparcin, virginiamycin, avilamycin, narasin, and flavomycin on enterococci. The antibacterial activity of bambermycin (Flavomycin) was strongly inhibited by the addition of blood, except with the species Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus mundtii, Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus casseliflavus, and Enterococcus gallinarum, which were not susceptible to this antibiotic on blood-free medium. With all other antimicrobials except avoparcin and tylosin, the presence of blood resulted in MIC increases of 1 to 3 log2 differences. Incubation in aerobic or anaerobic atmospheres enriched with CO2 lowered the susceptibility of enterococci to tylosin and increased their susceptibility to avilamycin, narasin, and avoparcin. This effect was most pronounced in tests on blood-free media. Results of susceptibility tests incubated under anaerobiosis and in a CO2-enriched atmosphere did not differ. For all enterococcal species, the preferred conditions for testing the susceptibility are Mueller-Hinton II medium supplemented with blood and incubation in a CO2-enriched atmosphere. However, when only E. faecium and Enterococcus faecalis are being tested, Mueller-Hinton II medium without blood incubated aerobically gives satisfactory results.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1997

Enterococcus cecorum septicemia in a malnourished adult patient.

Enterococcus cecorum, a species typically isolated from chicken, pigs, calves, horses, ducks, cats, dogs, and canaries, was isolated from the blood of a patient with severe septicemia. The isolate was identified by conventional biochemical tests. Identity as Enterococcus cecorum was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis of whole cell protein. This is the first report of the isolation of Enterococcus cecorum in a clinical setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Streptococcus difficile is a nonhemolytic group B, type Ib Streptococcus.

Whole-cell protein electrophoretic analysis of the type strain of Streptococcus difficile (LMG 15799) revealed that this organism was indistinguishable from Streptococcus agalactiae strains. Although LMG 15799T (T = type strain) was originally described as serologically untypeable, we found that this strain was a group B streptococcus belonging to the capsular polysaccharide antigen type Ib group. The biochemical reactivity of S. difficile, which differed from the biochemical reactivity of typical S. agalactiae strains mainly by being less versatile, is similar to the biochemical reactivity of other group B, type Ib streptococci isolated from poikilothermic animals, such as fish and frogs.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1997

Streptococcus hyovaginalis sp. nov. and Streptococcus thoraltensis sp. nov., from the genital tract of sows.

Two groups of strains isolated from sows were shown to belong to new sublines in the genus Streptococcus. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, we propose that these bacteria should be classified as two new species, Streptococcus hyovaginalis sp. nov. and Streptococcus thoraltensis sp. nov. These two species are found in the genital tract, but the capnophilic species S. thoraltensis may also occur in the intestinal tract of pigs. The type strain of S. hyovaginalis is SHV515 (= LMG 14710), and S69 (= LMG 13593) is the type strain of S. thoraltensis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

An atypical Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection in a dairy herd.

An atypical Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strain, isolated in a dairy herd over an 8 month period, was examined. The S. aureus strain was clumping factor negative, weakly heat-resistant deoxyribonuclease positive and produced narrow zones of double haemolysis. In total, 57 quarter infections were observed. Prevalence data per month, calculated as the percentage of quarters infected with this atypical S. aureus strain varied from 7.5% to 17.7% and the new infection rate varied from 0.14 to 0.55. In routine bacteriology, the large number of quarters infected with the atypical S. aureus could easily be misclassified as quarters infected with non-aureus staphylococci.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Secreted antigens as virulence associated markers in Streptococcus bovis strains from pigeons.

SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis were performed on the culture supernatant of 7 pigeon S. bovis reference strains belonging to the serotypes 1, 2, 3 and 5. The culture supernatant of highly virulent serotype 1, 2 and 5 strains contained four antigens that were absent in low virulent serotype 3 strains, notably a 185 kDa minor protein band (A) and a triplet (T1) of 70 kDa. The less virulent serotype 3 strains on the other hand contained protein triplets, that had a molecular mass of either 68 kDa (T2) or 74 kDa (T3). The prevalence of A, T1, T2 and T3 was examined in 68 S. bovis strains isolated from healthy pigeons and in 68 S. bovis strains isolated from pigeons that died of S. bovis septicaemia. Six supernatant phenotypes were identified: A-T1 (32 strains), A- T2 (10 strains), A- T3 (7 strains), A+ T1 (84 strains), A+ T2 (1 strain) and A+ T3 (2 strains). Ninety-four percent of the strains lacking the A and T1 proteins were isolated from healthy pigeons, and only 6% were isolated from septicaemia. Strains expressing A and/or T1, however, were isolated form septicaemia in 57% of the cases. These observations may indicate that the A and/or T1 proteins are associated with virulence.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Taxonomic study of lancefield streptococcal groups C, G, and L (Streptococcus dysgalactiae) and proposal of S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis subsp. nov.

Streptococcus dysgalactiae consists of at least five distinct subgroups on the basis of serogroups, biotypes, and hosts. A chemotaxonomic and phenotypic examination of 80 S. dysgalactiae strains representing the known diversity within this species and 49 reference strains representing all members of the streptococcal pyogenic species group revealed two subpopulations of strains within S. dysgalactiae. The name S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae is proposed for strains of animal origin. These strains belong to Lancefield serogroups C and L, are alpha-, beta-, or nonhemolytic, and do not exhibit streptokinase activity on human plasminogen or proteolytic activity on human fibrin. The name S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis is proposed for human isolates. These strains belong to Lancefield serogroups C and G, are beta-hemolytic, and exhibit streptokinase activity on human plasminogen and proteolytic activity on human fibrin.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

A new pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus type in commercial rabbits.

Heavy losses in commercial rabbitries with mainly cutaneous infections were found to be caused by a special Staphylococcus aureus type. This type differs from the previously known rabbit and hare pathogenic strains causing similar infections, mainly in its unique phage type.

Abscess↗
PubMed1996

Presence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in farm and pet animals.

Enterococcus faecium strains with vanA-mediated glycopeptide resistance were isolated by enrichment culture from the intestines and feces of several animal species, mainly horses and dogs (8% positive), chickens (7% positive), and pigs (6% positive). Other vanA-positive enterococcal strains were identified as E. durans in gallinaceous birds, E. faecalis in a horse, and E. gallinarum in a pheasant. Samples from pigeons, cage birds, and ruminants were negative. It was concluded that vancomycin resistance is widespread among isolates from farm and pet animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Acidification of methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside: a useful test to differentiate Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus gallinarum from Enterococcus faecium species group and from Enterococcus faecalis.

Enterococcus gallinarum and E. casseliflavus are difficult to differentiate from other enterococci, particularly E.faecium. The former two species were found to produce acid from methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside in phenol red broth, while E.faecalis strains and strains of the E.faecium species group, including E.faecium, E.durans, E. hirae, and E.mundtii, failed to produce acid from this substrate.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1995

Characterisation and antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococcus species from the intestines of ducks in Assam.

The Enterococcus flora of duck intestines consisted of E faecalis and E faecium in ducklings less than eight weeks old and E faecalis, E faecium and E gallinarum in ducks more than eight weeks old. The enterococci were resistant to several antibiotics; chloramphenicol and gentamycin sulphate were the only antibiotics of those tested which were moderately effective. All the Enterococcus species isolates were resistant to the macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Identification of Enterococcus species isolated from foods of animal origin.

Enterococci isolated from a large variety of fresh and prepared foods of animal origin during routine microbiologic control tests in a distribution firm, were identified to species level using API 20 STREP galleries supplemented with conventional tests, rapid ID32 STREP galleries and SDS-PAGE analysis. API 20 STREP tests correctly identified 77% of the strains, mainly Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis. A simple presumptive identification scheme based on pigmentation, tetrazolium reduction and acid production from mannitol and raffinose identified 90% of the strains. More complex procedures were necessary to identify the remaining strains. Nearly all strains isolated from hard cheeses and prepared cheese-meat combinations were identified as E. faecium while E. faecalis was the most frequent species in crustaceans. In meat and in prepared meat products E. faecium, E. faecalis and less frequently E. hirae/E. durans were found. Three of four E. gallinarum strains were isolated from products containing turkey meat.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Intracellular survival and multiplication of virulent and less virulent strains of Streptococcus bovis in pigeon macrophages.

The intracellular fate of pigeon S. bovis strains ingested by macrophages was studied in vivo and in vitro. During in vivo experiments, histological and electron microscopical examinations demonstrated numerous cocci, which appeared to be actively multiplying, within splenic macrophages of pigeons experimentally inoculated with a highly virulent S. bovis serotype 1 strain. In pigeons inoculated with a low virulence serotype 3 strain, intracellular cocci were only occasionally observed. For in vitro experiments, pigeon peritoneal macrophages were inoculated with a S. bovis serotype 1 or serotype 3 strain and incubated. Following an initial decrease, an increase in the number of intracellular bacteria was observed in tests performed with the S. bovis serotype 1 strain, demonstrating intracellular multiplication. Macrophages in these experiments had all died after 7 h of incubation, possibly indicating that the intracellular replication of S. bovis resulted in the release of substances toxic for macrophages. In experiments performed with the S. bovis serotype 3 strain, the number of intracellular bacteria continuously decreased, reflecting killing of organisms. Significant changes in the number of adhering macrophages in S. bovis serotype 3 inoculated cultures were not observed. These results indicate S. bovis in pigeons is a facultative intracellular bacterium and intracellular multiplication may be involved in virulence.

Ampicillin↗