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Biomedical subjects

L A Lebedev

Publications and source records attributed to L A Lebedev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Radiation dosage exposure of the population of the USSR from x-ray diagnosis and means for its reduction].

The paper is concerned with main values of dose exposure of the USSR population as a result of medical roentgenological investigations. The authors issue practical organizational-methodological recommendations for irradiation reduction resulting from giving up chest x-ray, a decrease in prophylactic fluorography, improvement of technical facilities for investigations of the digestive tract, and organization of roentgenoradiological departments as independent health service units.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[Analysis of errors in the determination of the collective equivalent dose in x-ray diagnostic studies].

The paper is devoted to an analysis of random errors in the determination of a collective effective equivalent dose resulting from radiodiagnostic investigations. The error of a collective dose does not exceed 30% and hardly depends on dose errors in human organs and tissues. The authors have established an extent of overestimation of the risk of long-term radiation effects in patients after x-ray investigations.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Radiation-health aspects of methods of x-ray study of the esophagus and stomach].

The authors considered technological chains of various methods of X-ray investigations of the upper part of the G.I. tract indicating the time of performance of each stage of investigation, equivalent and effective equivalent doses. Dose exposure of patients should be taken into account at each stage and during the entire investigation while choosing methods of investigation.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1987

[Equivalent doses in x-ray studies].

The authors proposed a method of estimation of equivalent doses in x-ray investigations permitting the control of a possibility of the development of nonstochastic effects. They also considered a method for calculation of equivalent doses in x-ray investigations in the head and neck area and the rest of the patient's body.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1984

[Physical principles of optimization of roentgenologic studies].

According to the recommendations issued by the International Commission for Radiation Protection a solution to the problem of the appropriateness of measures aimed at reducing irradiation doses, depends upon the consideration of all the pros and cons. Approaches to a quantitative evaluation of the benefit and damage of x-ray examination are considered. Damage is regarded as a risk of developing unfavorable complications of irradiation by a patient. Proceeding from the threshold-free linear concept, an effective equivalent dose is taken for a measure of damage, the quality of x-ray image for a measure of benefit. The contrast of visualized x-ray image is used for its approximate evaluation. Effectiveness function which is equal to the ratio of the quantitative benefit-damage measures, was drawn. A mathematical model of optimization with account of the heterogeneity of the studied object and the energy spectrum of x-ray radiation was developed on the basis of the above criterion. With the help of this model optimum regimens were obtained for radiography of the stomach on the RUM-20 apparatus with ZnSl.Cds-Ag screen.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Device-aided determination of an effective dose in x-ray studies].

The paper proposes how to determine an effective radiation dose for patients undergone X-ray examinations, which includes the estimation of the size of a field while measuring the superficial dose and the assessment of an experiment protocol by taking into account the X-ray receiver used to measure exposure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The shaping of radiation doses and of dose-effect curves for patients undergoing x-ray studies].

Human peripheral blood values are used to define an effective dose at X-ray study. Processing is made on a technical unit comprising a blood analyzer and a computer supplied by a so-called automatic classifying system. The program is based on the recognition of images with nonstatistical assessment. A dose-effect could be first plotted in the range of effective single radiation doses of 0.8-25 mZv.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of an automated classifying system for the dispensary system of the population].

While processing blood values by an automatic classifying system, human beings can be divided into healthy (normal) and unhealthy (ill) persons. In so doing, one can evaluate the status of the body's individual systems (gastrointestinal tract, respiratory organs, locomotor apparatus, heart and vessels, urinary, endocrine, hemopoietic, and female genital organs, the central nervous system), which allows a physician to find a source of poor health from the very onset of disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation].

The paper analyzes the data available in the literature and the authors' own findings relating to the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on biological objects, which confirm a higher likelihood of general somatic diseases upon exposure to small dosages (as low as 200 meq).

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effective radiation doses of the personnel at rentgenosurgical studies].

In the paper versatile study of radiation dose of the medical personnel is carried out at rentgenosurgery with application of tissue-equivalent phantoms. For the first time spectrometric study of dissipated radiation by object is carried out, normalized to unit of exposition dose fields around of the object are constructed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analytical-equipment method for the estimation of the organism health condition and all it's systems after radiation].

Software for estimation of the health state of human body and its systems on the basis of blood parameters is described. The software uses ACS-ENOFIT analytical model based on image recognition theory and cluster analysis. This analytical method makes it possible to assess the state of patient's health and the state of each of the 10 body systems. Thus, prophylactic X-ray examination based on measurement of blood parameters makes it possible to reveal various disorders at different stages of development.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗