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Biomedical subjects

L A Raymond

Publications and source records attributed to L A Raymond.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Multi-institutional drug-use evaluation of intraocular irrigating solutions.

A collaborative drug-use evaluation (DUE) of intraocular irrigating solutions (IOISs) at ophthalmic specialty hospitals nationwide is reported. Qualifying criteria for the use of an expensive fortified IOIS product were (1) the duration of surgery is more than 60 minutes, (2) the surgery is performed without a viscoelastic agent, (3) the patient's age is less than 50 years, (4) the patient has diabetes, and (5) the patient has evidence of compromised corneal endothelium. Surgical cases involving the use of IOISs were identified at each institution, and those cases involving fortified IOIS were reviewed for conformance with the criteria established. Of 23 institutions, 10 were able to perform the DUE. The review was concurrent at one institution and retrospective at the other nine. A case had to meet only one criterion to be considered in conformance. The cumulative mean rate of conformance with at least one criterion was 74%; the median conformance rate was 91%. The criteria that most frequently justified the use of fortified IOIS were surgical duration and nonuse of a viscoelastic material. Conformance with the DUE criteria varied with the institution, but valuable knowledge about the use of intraocular irrigating solutions was obtained by all.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cell density dependency of vitreous fibrosis induced by monocytes and lymphocytes.

The possible roles of monocytes and lymphocytes in vitreous fibrosis were examined by injecting various numbers of the peripheral cell types into the rabbit vitreous. Our results indicated that the degree of vitreous fibrosis and the presence of traction retinal detachment corresponded to the number of cells injected. It was suggested that these findings are probably similar to vitreous membrane formation and retinal detachment in various clinical ocular diseases or inflammations in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Change in the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans by fibrotic vitreous induced by erythrocytes.

Vitreous fibrosis was induced in rabbit eyes by intravitreal injection of erythrocytes. The fibrotic vitreous removed from experimental animals were then incubated with [3H]glucosamine at 37 degrees C for 24 h. The newly synthesized 3H-labeled glycosaminoglycans were isolated by 4 M guanidium hydrochloride extraction followed by pronase digestion. The 3H-labeled glycosaminoglycans were then characterized by gel filtration column chromatography and by specific enzymatic degradation, i.e., hyaluronidase, chondroitinase AC, and/or chondroitinase ABC. The disaccharides derived from chondroitinase ABC degradation were identified by thin-layer chromatography. We previously demonstrated that 91% of the total glycosaminoglycan synthesized by normal vitreous was hyaluronic acid. Our present results indicate that in the fibrotic vitreous, the synthesis of hyaluronic acid was decreased to 26%, whereas the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate increased to 59% of the total newly synthesized glycosaminoglycans. These results suggest that cells present in fibrotic vitreous resemble fibroblasts with respect to their activities in glycosaminoglycans synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Synthesis of chondroitin sulfate by fibrotic vitreous induced by monocytes and lymphocytes.

Vitreous fibrosis was induced in rabbit eyes by intravitreal injection of monocytes and lymphocytes. The fibrotic vitreous and normal vitreous removed from experimental animals were then incubated with [3H]-glucosamine at 37 degrees C for 24 hr. The newly synthesized 3H-labeled glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were isolated by 4 M GuHCl extraction followed by pronase digestion. The 3H-labeled GAGs were then characterized by gel-filtration column chromatography and by specific enzymatic degradation, i.e. hyaluronidase, chondroitinase AC and/or chondroitinase ABC. The disaccahrides derived from chondroitinase ABC degradation were identified by thin-layer chromatography. Our results indicated that 91% of the total glycosaminoglycan synthesized by normal vitreous was hyaluronic acid. In contrast, in the fibrotic vitreous, the synthesis of hyaluronic acid was decreased to 30% whereas the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate increased to 47% of the total newly synthesized glycosaminoglycans. Control vitreous which was injected with freeze-thawed monocytes and lymphocytes synthesized 70% hyaluronic acid and 12% chondroitin sulfate although no fibrosis was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The raccoon ascarid. A probable cause of human ocular larva migrans.

The ability of raccoon roundworm larvae, Baylisascaris procyonis, to produce ocular larva migrans (OLM) was studied in various experimental animals. In addition, the clinical and pathologic lesions were compared to those in suspected cases of human ocular baylisascariasis, in patients with diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN). Ocular larva migrans was produced in squirrel monkeys, cynomolgus monkeys, mice, hamsters, grey squirrels, and woodchucks orally infected with B. procyonis eggs. The clinical and histologic lesions were primarily those of retinitis, retinal hemorrhages, retinal tracks, disruption, and vasculitis; pigment migration; choroiditis; vitritis; and free or encysted larvae in ocular and extraocular tissues. The lesions of experimental OLM correlated well with those of suspected cases of human ocular baylisascariasis and DUSN. Based on these studies, B. procyonis of raccoons should be considered as a probable cause of OLM and DUSN in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Change in vitreous collagen after penetrating injury.

Following controlled ocular penetrating injuries in rabbits, autologous blood was injected into the vitreous. All animals were examined with ultrasonography, ophthalmoscopy and photography. After 3 weeks the animals were sacrificed and serial histologic sections were made on the enucleated globes. Fibroblasts and collagen were found in the vitreous. In additional eyes, the altered vitreous was removed and examined by gel electrophoresis following limited pepsin digestion. Type I collagen was an important component of vitreous fibrosis. In contrast, only type II collagen was detected in normal vitreous. The collagen formation after hemorrhagic injury may follow a similar process of wound healing in other tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Hemorrhagic valsalva retinopathy in Leber's optic neuropathy.

A patient with acute Leber's optic neuropathy had a large splinter retinal hemorrhage noted after he had strained to install fire hydrants. The hemorrhage occurred at a site of peripapillary telangiectasia, which is a feature of this condition. The pathogenesis of the process is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Soccerball-induced eye injuries.

We report a series of 24 confusion eye injuries resulting from soccerball impact. Hyphema (50%), vitreous hemorrhage (29%), corneal abrasion (21%), angle recession (8%), and retinal tear (4%) were experienced. When compared with a combined hyphema series and with hockey and racquet sports, our group had fewer serious injuries and no permanent visual acuity loss resulted. Although the incidence of eye injuries is low and the use of eye protectors may be inconvenient, we strongly recommend protective eyewear be worn in competitive sports involving large and small projectiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Recognition of carotid stenosis with bilateral simultaneous retinal fluorescein angiography.

In order to study the arm to retina circulation time (ARCT), we simultaneously photographed both fundi in patients with suspected or known carotid artery occlusive disease. Noninvasive carotid artery tests, selective carotid arteriography, or both, were performed on all of the patients. In the 11 patients with arteriographically proven significant carotid stenosis, or with noninvasive carotid tests demonstrating carotid occlusive disease, a triad of fluoroangiographic features (delayed ARCT, disparity of ARCT between eyes, and delayed ciliary circulation at the optic disc) was found. We believe that bilateral simultaneous retinal fluorescein angiography is a sensitive and accurate method for the recognition of patients with carotid artery occlusive disease.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1981

A case of syphilitic uveitis.

A 38-year-old man had anterior uveitis that failed to respond to increasingly aggressive therapy with topical and systemic corticosteroids and mydriatrics. His disease progressed to panuveitis and neuroretinitis and was finally cured with penicillin injections for acquired syphilis. He suffered secondary optic nerve atrophy. Because of the resurgence of the incidence of syphilis in the general population and the dire consequences for the patient in the absence of appropriate therapy, the ophthalmologist needs to consider the possibility of syphilis in his patients with uveitis. He should obtain serologic studies for syphilis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Resolution of night blindness in fundus albipunctatus.

Two sisters, aged 14 and 7 years, and their father had ophthalmoscopic and electrophysiologic findings consistent with fundus albipunctatus. Evaluation of family members revealed a history of severe juvenile night blindness which resolved by about age 20 in some affected individuals. This familial pattern is consistent with autosomal dominant fundus albipunctatus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Familial pars planitis.

Pars planitis has rarely been noted to occur in more than one member of a family. We report the occurrence of this disorder in more than one member of two unrelated families. The affected members of one of these families included a 37-year-old woman and three of her six children. The affected members of the other family were two teenaged brothers. No specific cause for the familial clustering of pars planitis has been identified in the affected members of these families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Short posterior ciliary artery insufficiency with hyperthermia (Uhthoff's symptom).

Transient visual blurring with heart or exercise (Uhthoff's symptom) is associated with multiple sclerosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of its occurrence in cases of documented vascular disease. Two patients had insufficiency of the short posterior ciliary circulation. In one it was caused by a carotid occlusion and in the other by cranial (giant-cell, temporal) arteritis. The monocular blurring may have occurred during periods of relative arterial hypotension.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

System of notation for photocoagulation in the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.

Using a notation system for evaluation of photocoagulatin of the choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) in presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) demonstrated several advantages, which are: (1) a projector system which allowed excellent magnification of the CNVM and its distance from the foveal avascular zone (FAZ); (2) direct study of fluorescein angiographic negatives; (3) good comparison of pretreatment of posttreatment lesions in relation to FAZ; (4) a precise measurement of the surface area of each CNVM and its distance from the FAZ; and (5) an accurate and rapid way of recording and comparing data. This notation system appears valuable as a means of standardizing the examination and photographic findings from multiple institutions. Results of photocoagulatin of the CNVM are presented. Photocoagulatin of the entire CNVM appeared more effective than partial photocoagulatin of the CNVM.

Adolescent↗