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Biomedical subjects

L Barnes

Publications and source records attributed to L Barnes.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Multiple hamartomas associated with intracranial malformation.

We examined a newborn infant with multiple hamartomas, including an epidermal nevus syndrome and a giant pigmented congenital nevocellular nevus, associated with other structural developmental abnormalities such as nevus flammeus, vascular malformation, cutis aplasia congenita of the scalp, cartilage hamartoma, and a lipodermoid of the conjunctiva. This child had a significant brain malformation, diagnosed by sonography and computerized tomography, consisting of a significant enlargement of the left hemisphere not associated with asymmetry of the skull or facial bones. We suggest a careful investigation of the intracranial structures by computerized tomography and/or ultrasonography in case of either extensive linear nevus sebaceous sequence and/or giant pigmented nevocellular nevus.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Carcinoid tumor of the larynx: case report and review of the world literature.

The clinical, light microscopic, and ultrastructural features of a carcinoid tumor occurring in the larynx of an 80-year-old man are presented and compared with 22 laryngeal carcinoids described in the world literature. These 23 tumors occurred in persons from 45 to 80 years of age (mean age was 61 years) and were three times more common in men than in women. Hoarseness was the most common presenting symptom. Sixty-one percent of the tumors were supraglottic, 26% were transglottic, 4% were glottic, 4% were subglottic, and 4% were unspecified. At least 15 (65%) of the patients are known to have developed metastases. Nine of these (60%) presented with only regional lymph node metastases, one of which was occult. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with the extent dependent on the stage of disease. Radiation therapy appears ineffective, and chemotherapy is largely untested. The 2- and 4-year determinate survival rates were 59% and 25%, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Unilocular cystic sebaceous lymphadenoma of the parotid gland.

A unique variant of the sebaceous lymphadenoma, so-called unilocular cystic sebaceous lymphadenoma or lymphoepithelial cyst with sebaceous differentiation, occurred in the parotid gland of a 38-year-old man. Morphologic evidence to support the lymph node-salivary gland inclusion derivation of this tumor is presented and its taxonomic relationship to the parotid lymphoepithelial cyst and Warthin's tumor is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Oral lichen planus and squamous carcinoma. Case report and update of the literature.

A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue arose in the plaque form of oral lichen planus. The literature on lichen planus is reviewed with emphasis on the issue of malignant transformation. Squamous carcinoma develops in 0.3% to 3% of patients with oral lichen planus (range, 0% to 10%). The average age of individuals with this complication is 50 to 55 years; 50% to 60% are men. Forty-four percent to 60% of patients have the erosive form of the disease, 28% to 34% plaque type, and 16% to 28% reticular. The mean interval from onset of the oral lesions to the development of cancer is nine to 12 years (range, three months to 40 years). Forty-six percent to 54% of the cancers occur on the buccal mucosa, 30% on the tongue, 16% on the lower lip, and 8% in miscellaneous sites. Twenty-four percent to 50% of the individuals also have cutaneous lichen planus.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Myoepithelioma of the head and neck: case report and review.

The clinical, light, and ultrastructure features of a myoepithelioma occurring on the hard palate of a 24-year-old woman are presented and compared with 41 myoepithelioma of the head and neck described in the English literature. These 42 tumors (39 benign and 3 malignant) occurred in individuals from 14 to 81 years of age, affected both sexes about equally, and most often presented as a slowly enlarging, asymptomatic mass. The parotid gland and palate were the most common sites of occurrence. The tumors are typically circumscribed and encapsulated, vary from 1 to 5 cm in the greatest dimension, and are composed of spindled and/or plasmacytoid myoepithelial cells. Prognosis correlates with histologic appearance and parallels that of the pleomorphic adenoma. Conservative excision with a margin of uninvolved tissue is curative. The differential diagnosis and histogenic relationship with other closely related neoplasms are discussed.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1985

Direct immunofluorescence of normal skin in rheumatoid arthritis.

The clinical significance of previously described immunoglobulin and complement deposition in the superficial dermal vessel walls of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. In the present study, skin biopsies were obtained from the normal forearm and buttock of 48 unselected patients with rheumatoid arthritis and were examined by direct immunofluorescence (IF) for the presence of immunoglobulin (IgG,A,M) and complement (C3) in the vessel walls. Deposits of C3, IgM or IgG were detected in 10 patients. Five patients had deposits at the forearm sample alone, four patients had deposits at both biopsy sites, while one patient was positive at the buttock alone. Clinical features were similar in patients with and without vessel IF. However, patients with IF were significantly more seropositive with lower levels of complement and raised levels of serum IgA and IgM. There was also an increased level of circulating IgG immune complexes in these patients. Further analysis following exclusion of seronegative patients revealed similar results. This study suggests that the presence of vessel IF identifies a subgroup of patients who have evidence of more severe immunological disturbance.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the head and neck.

To elucidate the natural history of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the head and neck, 17 cases were reviewed and compared with 92 others contained within the English literature. The prototypic case is seen as a firm, solitary, slowly enlarging, asymptomatic, cutaneous nodule between 2 and 5 cm in size and of two years' duration. It is more common in men and in persons aged between 30 and 40 years. The scalp and neck-supraclavicular fossa are the most common sites, accounting for half of the cases. Approximately 50% to 75% of the patients experience local recurrence after initial surgery and, of these, half to three fourths manifest within three years of treatment. Metastases, seen in no more than 6% of all cases, are almost invariably preceded by two or more local recurrences and occur primarily through the bloodstream to the lungs and bones and less often to regional lymph nodes. Prognostic factors, differential diagnosis, and histogenesis are included.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Oncocytic Schneiderian papilloma: a reappraisal of cylindrical cell papilloma of the sinonasal tract.

Cylindrical cell papilloma (CCP) is the rarest of three morphologically distinct papillomas that occur in the nose and paranasal sinuses. Because it is unfamiliar to many pathologists, it is often mistaken histologically for papillary adenocarcinoma or even rhinosporidiosis. The clinical and pathologic features of six new cases are reported and compared with those of 14 others reported in the literature. The results of the light microscopic, histochemical, immunocytochemical (cytochrome c oxidase), and ultrastructural studies described here provide conclusive evidence that the swollen, granular, eosinophilic epithelial cells that compose CCP are true oncocytes that arise primarily, or perhaps exclusively, from the respiratory (Schneiderian) epithelium of the sinonasal passages rather than from minor salivary glands. Continued designation of the CCP as such should therefore be discouraged in favor of a more precise term reflecting this derivation. The phrase "oncocytic Schneiderian papilloma" is proposed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Timing and relative intensity of hip extensor and abductor muscle action during level and stair ambulation. An EMG study.

The timing and relative intensity of electromyographic activity of hip abductor and extensor muscles were recorded during free and fast velocity walking and during ascent and descent of stairs. Eleven healthy subjects were tested using fine wire electrodes to record the electromyographic activity. Data were quantified by normalizing all electromyographic activity during gait with electromyographic activity occurring during a sustained maximum isometric effort resisted either manually or with a dynamometer. The results indicated that the hip extensor muscles had different phasic patterns and moments of peak activity. During level walking, the semimembranosus and long head of the biceps femoris muscles displayed the greatest swing phase activity (beginning in mid-swing). The adductor magnus muscle followed with its onset in terminal swing. Both this muscle and the gluteus maximus were the principal hip extensors active during the loading response. For ascending stairs, the lower portion of the gluteus maximus muscle proved to be the main hip extensor during the loading response and mid-stance. The findings also showed that the upper portion of the gluteus maximus muscle functioned more like the gluteus medius muscle than the lower portion of the gluteus maximus muscle during both level and stair walking.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cemento-ossifying fibroma of the ethmoidal sinus manifesting as proptosis.

We report an aggressive cemento-ossifying fibroma of the ethmoidal sinus that initially manifested as proptosis and was misdiagnosed as meningioma after a frozen section was tested. Fibroosseous lesions containing cementum are considered to be of periodontal membrane origin and are most common in the mandible and maxilla. With the exception of the gigantiform cementoma, they are usually small, innocuous lesions following a benign course and are easily removed surgically. On rare occasions, the cemento-ossifying fibroma attains a large size, behaves aggressively, destroys bone, and requires radical surgery for complete excision. Such behavior appears likely when is is located in unusual sites such as the ethmoidal sinus. To our knowledge, our case is the third report of a cemento-ossifying fibroma arising in the ethmoidal sinus. Aggressive behavior has been a feature in all three instances.

Ethmoid Sinus↗
PubMed1981

A comparative study of smooth muscle tumors utilizing light and electron microscopy, immunocytochemical staining and enzymatic assay.

A comparative study of eight benign and eight malignant soft tissue spindle cells tumors was done utilizing light and electron microscopy, immunocytochemical staining, and enzymatic assay of tumor homogenates. The tumors were evaluated with two antibodies using both immunofluorescent (IF) and immunoperoxidase (IP) techniques. One antibody, purified rabbit antichicken gizzard myosin antibody (RAMA) delineated only smooth muscle tumors, both benign and malignant. IP was more sensitive than IF using this antibody. Nonmyogenic spindle cell tumors, which served as controls, gave uniformly negative results when stained with this antibody. The second antibody, human antismooth muscle antibody (HASMA), was not as sensitive or specific as RAMA by both IF and IP techniques. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzyme assay revealed that both benign and malignant smooth muscle tumors contain a high content of brain and smooth muscle (BB) isoenzyme (skeletal muscle isoenzyme (MM)/BB ratio less than 0.05). In contrast, control nonmyogenic spindle cell tumors exhibited MM/BB ratios of 0.1 or greater. While electron microscopy remains the major diagnostic tool to determine the histogenesis of difficult spindle cell tumors, IP staining methods with RAMA and CPK isoenzyme assay are useful in delineating tumors of smooth muscle origin.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1981

Safety and immunogenicity of a new Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in infants under one year of age.

64 healthy infants 2-3 months old, were randomly assigned to one of three vaccination groups which received either diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide polyribosyl-ribitol phosphate (PRP) vaccine, or PRP + P (with pertussis adjuvant) vaccine in three doses at intervals of 2 months. Local and systemic reactions occurred most frequently after DPT vaccination and least frequently for PRP alone. Data for 60 infants from whom complete sera sets were available indicated that 70% of the infants who received three doses of PRP + P showed 2-fold or greater increases in titres of antibody to PRP with final values above the level assumed to give protection against invasive H. influenzae type b disease (greater than or equal to 0.15 microgram/ml). In contrast, less than 10% of the infants who received PRP vaccine alone showed 2-fold or greater increases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Intraosseous "chordoid" sarcoma, chondroblastic or lipoblastic origin?

An unusual sarcoma with myxoid features that apparently originated within the scapula and has been locally aggressive for 10 years is reported. Clinically and by light microscopy it was considered to be a cartilaginous tumor, possibly chordoid sarcoma. By histochemical techniques and electron microscopy it most closely resembles a tumor of brown fat.

Adult↗