Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Bodner.
Dentigerous cysts associated with supernumerary teeth are rare and estimated to constitute 5-6% of all dentigerous cysts. They resemble the usual dentigerous cysts in terms of sex predilection and age distribution. The vast majority, about 90%, are associated with a maxillary mesiodens. The literature is reviewed and 6 additional cases reported.
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An instance of anesthesia of the lower lip caused by a compound odontoma in the mental foramen region is described. Removal of the odontoma was followed by a full recovery of the sensation.
The peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF), a benign gingival overgrowth, occurs mainly in the anterior portion of the maxilla in young adults. The size of the lesion is usually less than 1.5 cm. A unique case of POF in the posterior mandible of a 70-year-old female is presented. The lesion was 6 cm in the largest diameter. It is apparent that POF can become a sizeable tumor unless it is surgically excised in an early stage.
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Six cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis are described. The radiographic manifestations of this colitis are nonspecific and usually mimic the findings of ulcerative colitis with diffuse mucosal ulceration or granulomatous colitis with aphthous ulceration and skip areas. Terminal ileal involvement was noted in 1 patient. Nonspecific edema was present in 2 other cases. One patient demonstrated unusual cecal and ascending colonic nodularity due to pseudomembranes and, in another, large, flat discrete ulcerations were identified. Angiography, in 1 case, demonstrated marked hypervascularity and identified a site of hemorrhage in the ascending colon. With the radiographic identification of colitis in an immunocompromised patient, particularly a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), CMV colitis must be strongly considered in the differential diagnosis. Endoscopic biopsy is the most effective method of establishing the diagnosis.
The histological structure of these glands was examined in male rats in two adult age groups. In the submandibular gland, the proportional volume of acinar tissue at 6 months was reduced by 17 per cent at 24 months, being replaced partly by an increased proportion of ducts and partly by increased fibrosis. No volumetric changes occurred in the granular tubules. In the sublingual gland, no volumetric changes were detected in any component tissues. The findings support the concept that biological ageing in the salivary glands does not occur as a uniform generalized process throughout all the salivary tissues.
The ability of acinar cells of the rat parotid gland to transport technetium pertechnetate (99mTcO-4) was examined. After intravenous injection, 99mTcO-4 was rapidly detected in parotid saliva. There was an excellent correlation between saliva and plasma 99mTcO-4 levels. The saliva to plasma ratio was always less than 1, consistent with the inability of rat parotid gland duct cells to concentrate the anion. Output of 99mTcO-4 by the parotid gland closely mimicked fluctuations in parotid saliva flow rate. In vitro, enzymatically dispersed parotid acinar cells accumulated 99mTcO-4 from the incubation medium in a biphasic manner. This uptake was partially blocked by 10(-4) M NaI. Cells which had accumulated 99mTcO-4 showed increased radionuclide efflux after exposure to 10(-5) M carbachol.
The production of pilocarpine-stimulated parotid saliva was evaluated in young adult and aged male and female rats. Parotid salivary flow rate was about 50% lower in aged animals of both sexes. Saliva of aged animals had the same Na+ concentration as that of young rats but contained about 40% more protein. Salivary K+ concentration was similar in young and aged males but not females.
Emergency combined angiographic and endoscopic Neodymium-YAG laser treatment is described in an elderly patient with massive hemorrhage from the afferent limb stump of a Billroth II anastomosis after surgical resection of a gastric carcinoma. In patients with bleeding lesions, who are not operative candidates, such an approach can be life-saving.
An evaluation of submandibular gland secretory function was performed in young adult and aged male and female rats. No significant alterations in submandibular salivary flow rate or the concentrations of total protein, Na+,K+ and neutral sugar in the secreted saliva, were observed between different aged animals. Significant sex differences in salivary flow rate and total protein content were found.
Distal embolization occurred in 14 of 339 (4%) attempted percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) procedures, including five of 225 stenoses (2.2%) and nine of the 81 occlusions (11%) that were crossed successfully in 114 attempts (8%). Transcatheter embolectomy by aspiration through a nontapered large-bore catheter was technically successful in five of six attempts (83%), and was combined with successful PTA in three of five patients. In two patients in whom the clinical result of PTA was considered unsatisfactory, successful transcatheter embolectomy permitted an uncomplicated surgical by-pass procedure to be performed. If clinically significant embolization occurs during PTA, this procedure can be attempted prior to surgical embolectomy as an alternative to local fibrinolytic therapy.
Rat submandibular saliva was collected at various times after retrograde infusion of water-soluble (Renografin 60%) or lipid-soluble (Lipiodol UF) radiographic contrast medium. Significant alterations in flow rate occurred following heavy parenchymal filling with both types of contrast media. Occasional changes in protein concentration, lactoperoxidase activity, and K+ levels were also noted. These changes were relatively mild and transient, and gland function had generally returned to normal by one wk after infusion. No alterations in glandular function were detected after infusion of contrast medium to a degree (ductal filling) comparable to that usually employed in clinical sialography.
The effect of X irradiation on rat parotid acinar cell function was evaluated in vitro 1, 3, and 7 days following in vivo exposure to 2000 R. Several cellular functions were followed: protein secretion (amylase release), ion movement (K+ efflux and reuptake), amino acid transport (alpha-amino[14C]isobutyric acid), and an intermediary metabolic response ( [14C]glucose oxidation). In addition both the morphologic appearance and in vivo saliva secretory ability of parotid cells were assessed. Our results demonstrate that surviving rat parotid acinar cells, isolated and studied in vitro 1-7 days following 2000 R, remain functionally intact despite in vivo diminution of secretory function.
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The parotid gland of the aged rat provides an example of an altered alpha 1-adrenergic physiologic response (K+ efflux) resulting from a postreceptor perturbation in signal transduction mechanisms (Ito, H., Baum, B. J., Uchida, T., Hoopes, M. T., Bodner, L. & Roth, G. S. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 9532-9538). This alteration in gland function can be completely circumvented by eliciting K+ efflux via the Ca2+-ionophore, A23187, at several Ca2+ concentrations (ibid.). Since Ca2+ is purported to mediate other secretory events in the rat parotid, we have probed neurotransmitter regulated Ca2+ mobilization and secretory mechanisms in this tissue by employing an aging paradigm. The responses studied were alpha-adrenergic- and muscarinic-cholinergic-mediated K+ efflux, 45Ca2+ release, and amylase secretion. No differences were detected between young (3 months) and old (24 months) cell preparations for any muscarinic-cholinergic agonist-induced response studied. Following alpha-adrenergic stimulation, K+ efflux and 45Ca2+ release from old cell preparations were reduced markedly, while no changes were found for the amylase secretion response. These results suggest that 1) alpha-adrenergic and cholinergic signal transduction mechanisms for K+ efflux and 45Ca2+ release are dissociated in cells of the rat parotid gland, and 2) following alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation, signal transduction likely proceeds by at least two pathways, one which is apparently involved in protein excytosis (intact in cells from old rats) and the other which is apparently involved in K+ efflux and 45Ca2+ release (perturbed in old cells).
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A physical examination procedure was used to evaluate oral motor functions in a population of 257 community-dwelling males and females ranging in age from 23-88 yr. An increased prevalence of altered motor performance with age was found for parameters measuring lip posture and masticatory muscle function. Also, males, but not females, showed a higher prevalence of alterations in tongue function and in swallowing.