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Biomedical subjects

L Ciompi

Publications and source records attributed to L Ciompi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Inpatient social psychiatric crisis intervention exemplified by the crisis intervention center of the Social Psychiatric University Clinic of Bern].

With a case-history of a puerperic psychosis we describe the crisis-interventions-technique in six steps used in our 16-bed, socio-psychiatric ward in the city of Berne at a general hospital. Out of more than 5 years of work we illustrate one year with client-data, working-methods and statistical results. With such a ward in the community, embedded in a complete net of socio-psychiatric institutions, we can treat quite serious psychosocial crisis adequately and in relatively short time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Is chronic schizophrenia an artefact?--Arguments and counter-arguments (author's transl)].

The working hypothesis is investigated that chronic schizophrenia could differ from acute schizophrenia not only phenomenologically, but also in its causes. The following arguments in favour of the hypothesis that chronic schizophrenia could mainly be a psychosocial "artefact", caused by the psycho-social consequences of acute attacks of illness, are presented 1. institutionalisme and understimulation; 2. non-specifity of many phenomenons attributed to "chronic schizophrenia"; 3. great variability of long-term courses; 4. lack of influence of genetic factors on long-term course; 5. importance of social factors for long-term course; proposition of a "general principle of psychosocial inertia"; 6. family influences; 7. lack of sufficient proofs for a clearcut illness-concept. --On the other hand the following arguments against the artefact-hypothesis are discussed: 1. the question of "irreversible residual states"; 2. organic and biochemical arguments; 3. genetic arguments; 4. the problematic distinction between acute and chronic schizophrenia; 5. the ubiquity of chronic schizophrenia. --On the whole, the arguments in favour of the artefact-hypothesis seem more pertinent, but more research is needed for a definite decision.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Catamnestic long-term study on the course of life and aging of schizophrenics.

The author summarizes a monograph study on the course of schizophrenia into old age, which he co-authored with C. Müller, and which includes mortality and cause-of-death statistics on 1,642 original cases and an average of 37 years of catamnestic observation of the 289 patients who survived until the final followup examination. The separate investigations of the development of schizophrenia, the psycho-organic symptomatology, and the social adaptability show that the long-term course was favorable in at least half of the cases. From a statistical viewpoint, outcome depended primarily on premorbid personality factors, on certain psychopathological factors, and on the influence of advanced age. These findings supported and supplemented important findings by other authors (in particular those of Bleuler and Huber), on the long-range development of schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Crisis and crisis intervention in modern psychiatry].

After discussion of the definition, concept and theory of psychic crisis, the modern techniques of crisis intervention are presented in the light of the literature and the author's personal experience, illustrated by case histories. Finally, the organizational place of crisis intervention in a modern psychiatric care system is discussed, with emphasis on the advantage of using socio-psychiatric half-way institutions for rehabilitation between hospital and ambulatory services for crisis intervention as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Reflections on the therapeutic possibilities of a technic of provoked crisis].

The author demonstrates the therapeutic possibilities of a technique of 'provoked crisis' on the ground of theoretical models and practical examples. Such a technique seems mainly indicated in situations of chronified and stagnant equilibrium in individual patients, families or groups, which cannot be changed by stepwise proceedings.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Late suicide in former mental patients.

Results from the long-term follow-up studies "The Enquĕte of Lausanne" are presented, concerning the incidence of suicide in old age of former mental patients. Among 1,891 studied deaths, 107 (5.6%) known suicides occurred; the suicide rate for all diagnostic groups, except mental retardation (only females), being considerably higher than in the general Swiss population of the same age, especially for depressions, alcoholism, neurotic and psychopathic personality disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative study of long-term mortality in the mentally ill].

The mortality in mental illness has been studied after an average follow-up period of 3-4 decades in a material of 5661 former in-patients of the Psychiatric University Hospital of Lausanne (Switzerland), from which 3520 probands were dead at the date of reference. By use of an improved method, the calculations showed in all diagnostic groups, and generally more marked in women than in men, a 1,34 to 9,72 times higher mortality than in the general population, increasing in the following order: head injuries, psychogenic and psychopathic disorders, manic syndromes, schizophrenia, depressions, mental retardation, alcoholisme, other psychosis, epilepsy, general paralysis, other cerebro-organic conditions. Several possible explanations of these results are discussed.

Adjustment Disorders↗