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Biomedical subjects

L E Morris

Publications and source records attributed to L E Morris.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Autologous graft-versus-host disease: a novel approach for antitumor immunotherapy.

Autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a therapeutic option for the treatment of lymphohematopoietic malignancies and solid tumors. Despite the intensive cytoreductive therapy, however, the rates of tumor recurrence after autologous BMT remain unacceptably high. Current studies suggest that the administration of cyclosporine (CsA) disrupts the reconstitution of self-tolerance following autologous BMT leading to the induction of an autoimmune graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Studies in a rat tumor model and preliminary clinical trials suggest that this autoimmune or autologous GVHD provides a significant antitumor effect. Moreover, the antitumor effect of autologous GVHD can be enhanced by administration of gamma-interferon, which upregulates the antigen recognized by the autoreactive effector cells of autologous GVHD. These studies indicate that the induction of an autoimmune GVHD after autologous BMT may be a promising immunotherapeutic approach for treatment of certain neoplastic diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Protective value of a liver initiation-promotion regimen against the lethal effect of carbon tetrachloride in rats.

This study was designed as one test of the hypothesis that an early sequence of steps in hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat, with the production of hepatocyte nodules, may be a special form of adaptive response that has survival value for the host. Fischer 344 rats were initiated with a single dose of diethylnitrosamine. Hepatocyte nodules were rapidly generated by selecting for resistant hepatocytes by a brief exposure to 2-acetylaminofluorene coupled with partial hepatectomy, a procedure that leads to liver cancer without any further treatment. Most animals with hepatocyte nodules were completely resistant to single doses of CCl4 that induced 100% mortality in control animals. The demonstration of this protective effect is consistent with the proposed hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Double-blind comparison of butorphanol and morphine in patient-controlled analgesia.

In this study, the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) technique was used to compare the suitability of butorphanol with that of morphine in relieving postoperative pain. Twelve patients, 19-77 years old, who had abdominal surgery, used the PCA device through the first 24-hour postoperative period. Results showed that all patients expressed satisfaction with the PCA technique. Analysis of the degree of discomfort according to the verbal description scale, recordings of respiratory rate, and assessment of sedation status showed no significant differences between patients who received butorphanol and those who received morphine. Patients were able to maintain acceptable analgesia with minimal sedation. There were no adverse side effects reported with butorphanol.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Busulfan-induced hepatitis.

A 61-yr-old man with chronic myelocytic leukemia treated continuously for 8 yr with busulfan presented with fever, abdominal pain, and elevated liver enzymes in a cholestatic pattern. Evaluation of his liver and biliary tract with ultrasound and computerized tomography disclosed no structural abnormality. A percutaneous needle liver biopsy revealed cellular cholestasis with focal liver cell necrosis accompanied by a mild inflammatory infiltrate. Busulfan was discontinued, with subsequent normalization of liver enzymes and resolution of fever. These findings are interpreted as being compatible with busulfan-induced hepatitis.

Busulfan↗
PubMed1979

Can naloxone inhibit the cardiovascular effect of acupuncture?

Forty dogs were studied during MAC-1 halothane anesthesia with a chronically implanted electromagnetic flow probe on the ascending aorta. Cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, central venous pressure and total peripheral resistance were determined in addition to Pao2, pH, Paco2 and base deficit. Acupuncture moxibustion with electrocautery at Jen Chung (Go-26) produced a significant (five per cent level) increase in the cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure and a significant decrease in total peripheral resistance during a 120-minute period of observation in dogs under halothane anaesthesia. Acupuncture moxibustion at Go-26 following pretreatment with the narcotic antagonist naloxone (1 mg.kg-1) produced a significant increase in cardiac output, heart rate, mean arterial pressure. It is concluded that naloxone, which inhibits the analgesic effects of acupuncture, does not inhibit the symphathomimetic effect of acupuncture or moxibustion at Jen Chung (Go-26) in dogs under light MAC-1 halothane anaesthesia.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1979

Modification by propranolol of cardiovascular response to hypercapnia during halothane anaesthesia.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of propranolol on the cardiovascular response to carbon dioxide (0-20%) during anaesthesia with 1% halothane in oxygen (blood level 16.3 mg/100 ml S.D. +/- 5) in dogs each with a chronically implanted electromagnetic flow probe on the ascending aorta. Cardiac output, stroke volume; heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were obtained and paired with arterial blood gas determination after each step of increased concentration of carbon dioxide with or without propranolol. Propranolol (0.06-0.9 mg/kg) prevented the response to elevation of inspired carbon dioxide of increased heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output, TPR and MAP were reduced by CO2 and only slightly changed in the propranolol series.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of the cardiovascular effects of acupuncture (moxibustion) by propranolol in dogs during halothane anaesthesia.

Acupuncture by electrocautery, moxibustion, at Jen Chung (Go-26) acupoint produces a sympathomimetic effect on the cardiovascular system of dogs under halothane anaesthesia (MAC I). This effect is manifest by significant increase in cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure while total peripheral resistance is significantly decreased during a two-hour period of observation. Pretreatment with the beta blocker, propranolol, caused a significant decrease in cardiac output, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure while total peripheral resistance is significantly increased. Similar responses were observed when propranolol was administered without moxibustion at Jen Chung (Go-26).

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1975

Cardiac output response to altered acid-base status during diethyl ether anaesthesia.

The effects of acid-base changes on cardiac output during diethyl ether anaesthesia were studied in 25 mongrel dogs prepared by surgically implanting a plastic encased non-ferrous core electromagnetic probe on the ascending aorta. The findings are: (1) Metabolic acidaemia produced only slight decrease in cardiac output but a more marked fall became evident with decreasing pH(2) Respiratory acidaemia led to a slight rise in cardiac output. (3) Respiratory alkalaemia decreased cardiac output. (4) Metabolic alkalaemia also produced a decline in cardiac output.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗