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Biomedical subjects

L F Poriadkov

Publications and source records attributed to L F Poriadkov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cecal function of rats on long-term intravenous feeding with different mixtures].

Gain in body mass, mucosal morphology and microflora of the contents of the cecum were experimentally studied in adult growing male rats kept for 15 days on parenteral (intravenous) feeding with various nutrient mixtures. The rats on parenteral feeding and the control ones fed orally (via the natural route), kept on diets including all the major nutrients, gained in body mass about 40 g, during the experiment. Body mass of the animals on parenteral feeding with mixtures not containing the nitrous component was practically unchanged by the end of the experiment in all the groups of animals. Dystrophic changes in the cecum were detected in rats kept completely on parenteral feeding. These changes manifested mainly in altered nuclear structure of cryptal epithelium, being especially grave, up to the death of cells, in cases of reduced depth of the cryptae, in rats fed diets free from nitrous components. In rats parenterally fed diets including the principal nutrients the level of anaerobic Lactobacilli in the cecum was significantly reduced, as compared to rats on natural feeding.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison of the resistance during proteolysis of the antigenic structure of bovine serum albumin, chicken ovalbumin and their carbohydrate-modified forms].

A study was made of the effect of Maillard reaction between epsilon-amino groups of proteins and sugar carbonyl groups on the resistance of protein antigens (AG) to proteolysis in model systems and in the course of digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of adult rats. It was found that in vitro pepsin and trypsin inactivate antigenic determinants of bovine serum albumin (BSA) modified by carbohydrate less readily than those of basic protein. At the same time in the course of studying the cleavage and absorption of 3H-proteins and their glucose derivatives in the rat body, lack of a significant stabilization of modified BSA and ovalbumin as compared with non-modified ones was discovered. The discrepancy of the data derived in vitro and in vivo is likely to be related to the inadequacy of the available enzymatic models with regard to real conditions of digestion in the gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of intravenous and intragastric feeding on the microflora of the rat intestine].

During intravenous feeding, the contents of the cecum showed a dramatic fall in the amount of anaerobic lactobacilli and the growth of the content of enterobacteria and enterococci. The level of staphylococci and streptococci remained unchanged. These changes did not depend on the presence of fatty component in the nutritive mixture. The switch over of the animals from oral to intragastric feeding did not produce any changes in the microbile profile of the cecum. However, a distinct relationship was noticed between the overall amount of all the representatives of the microflora and the feeding pattern. Apart from an increase in the content of the microorganisms caused by administering a full-value nutritive mixture to the stomach, there was an appreciable rise in the cecum mass.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[State of the ribosomal apparatus of the liver during intravenous feeding with different amino acid mixtures].

Amino acid preparations were used in experiments on rats which received intravenous nutrition for 15 days. It has been demonstrated that electron microscopy and morphometry of hepatocyte structures provide an objective assessment of the protein-synthesizing system of the liver. This criterion combined with other ones may be used for the evaluation of nutritive mixtures.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Enterochromaffin cells of the intestinal mucosa during long-term parenteral and intragastric feeding].

The authors studied the response of enterochromaffin cells (Ec-cells) of the duodenal mucosa of rats during parenteral and intragastric administration of food mixtures containing a fatty emulsion venolipid (Japan) and of food mixtures containing no fat. The food mixture was administered round the clock, uniformly throughout 15 days. The Ec-cells were detected by the argentaffinity method modified by Phontane . It was discovered that during parenteral and intragastric administration of the food mixture containing a fatty emulsion, the amount of the Ec-cells in the duodenal mucosa was 3 times greater as compared with control. There were cells with varying intensity of the argentaffinity response, which attests to an active release of hormones synthesized by the Ec-cells. During intragastric administration of the food mixture containing no fatty emulsion, the status of the Ec-cells was the most similar to that seen in control. This is suggestive of an important role of the diet fat for changes in the Ec-cells. The changes found should be taken into consideration in the assessment of the effects of parenteral and intragastric feeding on the body and intestine and in the choice of the most optimal methods of feeding.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endogenous nitrogen losses in rats fed by intravenous and enteral routes].

Endogenous losses of nitrogen were studied under the feeding with isocaloric mixtures containing glucose, polycose, mineral substances, and vitamins. At the end of the first week endogenous losses of nitrogen with urine and feces under both routes of feeding were higher than at the end of the second week of nitrogen-free feeding. Upon intravenous feeding the nitrogen-saving action of the mixture containing glucose was more remarkable at the end of the second week than that of the mixture containing glucose and fatty emulsion. Endogenous losses of nitrogen upon intravenous feeding with a mixture containing fatty emulsion and glucose and losses upon intragastric feeding with a mixture of fatty emulsion and polycose were similar at the end of the second week.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intravenous alimentation of rats in renal failure].

Experiments on nephrectomized rats were made to compare the effect of oral and intravenous feeding on the degree of uremia and general status of the body. Intravenous feeding which included only essential amino acids as nitrogenous component or an insufficiently balanced mixture of essential amino acids and several replaceable amino acids (9.5% of energy value) did not produce any correcting action on the uremic status. Oral feeding with the diet containing casein (9.5% of energy value) was more effective as regards the reduction of uremia and maintenance of the general status of the body.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Various indicators of the state of the body during intravenous feeding with different mixtures].

Experiments lasting 15 days were made on rats fed intravenous isocaloric mixtures of the same composition (amino acids, glucose, fatty emulsion, mineral substances and vitamins), with one of the mixtures containing no fatty emulsion. It was noticed that intravenous feeding resulted in certain changes in body function, being consequent on the process of adaptation. The mixtures with and without fatty emulsion produced the same weight gain. However they brought about dissimilar shifts in other characteristics of the body status. The choice of adequate criteria is of importance for the assessment of the action of the different mixtures.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preservation of the enzyme activity of horseradish peroxidase administered into the gastrointestinal tract of adult dogs and rats].

Enzymatic activity of horse radish peroxidase administered to the gastrointestinal tract of adult dogs and rats was assessed. It was discovered that in adult dogs, 30% of the protein reached the distal parts of the small intestine in a non-splitted form. As early as two hours after administering horse radish peroxidase over 15% of active enzyme was detectable in the gastrointestinal tract of adult rats. 0.5% of non-splitted enzyme was found in the rat large intestine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid fatty acid composition of the blood and organs in experimental and enteral feeding].

The rats which received intravenous nutrition (polyamine, glucose, intralipid) for 9 days showed a decrease in the proportion of palmitic and oleic acid, an increase in the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in blood serum lipids, as well as a lowering of the proportion of arachidonic acid in liver lipids. The fatty acid content of platelet and splenic lipids remained unchanged. In dogs which were given fat emulsion enterally, intraportally or into the common blood circle in addition to the diet for 3 weeks, the changes in the fatty content of blood serum lipids were most marked upon enteral route of administration.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bone tissue status of rats on intravenous feeding].

Intravenous administration to rats of a nutritive mixture containing intralipid for 9 days produced an increase in the concentration of phosphorus in the blood serum by more than 30%, a decrease in the mass of osseous tissue and in the content of calcium and hydroxyproline thus indicating the development of osteoporosis. Upon intravenous administration of a mixture containing glucose, mineral substances and vitamins but devoid of the lipid component, there were no changes in the concentration of phosphorus in the blood or in the composition of osseous tissue. The reason for bone changes during intralipid use is likely to be the increased supply with it of phospholipids that bind Ca2+ which may lead to hyperparathyrosis and osteoporosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Retinylpalmitate and retinylacetate hydrolases in the intestinal juice of dogs secreted on an empty stomach and on the intravenous administration of protein hydrolysates].

Intravenous injection of caseine hydrolysate, hydrolysin or amino-peptide to dogs was not attended by any substantial changes in the activity of retinylpalmitate- and retinyl-acetate-hydrolase in the intestinal juice, as compared to the juice secreted on an empty stomach. The mutual relation of these enzymes activity in the intestinal juice and jejunal wall was dissimilar, which testifies to their different localization in the intestinal tissues.

Acetates↗