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Biomedical subjects

L Gahnberg

Publications and source records attributed to L Gahnberg.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Interference of Salivary immunoglobulin A antibodies and other salivary fractions with adherence of Streptococcus mutans to hydroxyapatite.

The adherence of Streptococcus mutans to hydroxyapatite was studied in the presence of salivary fractions with varying activity of naturally occurring immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies. Human parotid saliva from different donors was fractionated by chromatography and compared. Salivary IgA antibodies had no decisive effect on the adherence of the S. mutans strain used. High-molecular-weight salivary components from some subjects had an adherence-promoting effect, whereas fractions collected after the void volume of a Sepharose 2B column always inhibited adherence. The data indicate that the influence of unfractionated saliva on adherence is dependent on the net effect of adherence-promoting and adherence-inhibiting components. This principle has to be considered when the effect of human saliva on microbial adherence is studied.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1981

Salivary immunoglobulin A antibodies reacting with antigens from oral streptococci: longitudinal study in humans.

The salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) activity to antigens from four common oral streptococci was analyzed in samples from five humans. From each individual, parotid and whole saliva were collected 12 times over a period of 4 months. In samples collected at different occasions, the salivary IgA activity varied considerably. The variations showed a covariation with the concentration of total IgA in the saliva samples. A covariation was also found between salivary IgA antibodies of different specificity. It is concluded that reference antigens, in combination with measurement of total IgA concentration, ought to be used when evaluating the salivary IgA response in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Antibodies reacting with Streptococcus mutans in secretions from minor salivary glands in humans.

1) Antibodies reacting with S. mutans in secretions from minor salivary glands in humans were determined by a modified Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. 2) IgA antibodies reacting with S. mutans serotype c were found in all samples examined. 3) The antibody level in the secretions of the minor salivary glands varied considerably between different subjects and was considerably higher than that of parotid saliva. 4) A variation in antibody concentration over time was observed in some individuals. 5) Topical application of a streptococcal vaccine consisting of formalin killed cells increased the level of antibodies in the secretions of one person. In two persons no effect was observed.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental health status of mentally retarded adults with various living arrangements.

During the last few years in Sweden, there has been a change in the way of living for the mentally retarded. There has been a gradual movement away from institutions toward a more integrated life within society. The aim of the present study was to examine the dental health of mentally retarded adults with different ways of living. Forty-two subjects lived in an institution, 50 lived in integrated units, and 40 stayed in their own apartments or with their parents. All subjects had had regular dental care for at least ten years. The clinical examination was made by one dentist. The use of fluoride and chlorhexidine was recorded in addition to a microbiological examination. The results showed a higher caries prevalence and incidence in subjects with integrated living. Compared with other studies where the mentally retarded had had no regular dental care, the caries incidence and prevalence were lower in this study, and the number of missing teeth was lower. The prevalence of mutans streptococci was related to caries prevalence and incidence. High scores of mutans streptococci could be observed, even among subjects with a frequent use of chlorhexidine gel. The loss of alveolar bone was more pronounced for individuals living in the institution compared with that in individuals with other ways of living.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of chlorhexidine gel treatment on the prevalence of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in patients with impaired salivary secretion rate.

The potential pathogenic role of mutans streptococci in the etiology of dental caries is well-documented. Mutans streptococci are sensitive to chlorhexidine (CHX), and several methods for the clinical use of CHX have been described. An important target group for caries-preventive measures is patients with impaired salivary secretion due to the use of therapeutic drugs such as psychotropics. The aim of the present study was to compare two methods for antimicrobial treatment in such patients. Twenty-four volunteering patients at a hospital clinic were randomly divided into three groups: Group A, in which each participant was treated with 10% CHX gel in gel trays on two consecutive days, followed by application of a fluoride varnish; Group B, in which the patients were treated with the same CHX gel as above; and Group C, which was used as a control. After treatment, there was a reduction of mutans streptococci in the two groups treated with CHX. In group A, the sames collected one, three, and five weeks after the treatment were significantly lower than baseline values. No clearcut reduction of the number of mutans streptococci was observed in the subjects not treated with CHX. These data indicate that treatment with CHX gel in gel trays is superior to polishing the teeth with CHX gel. From a clinical point of view, our observations suggest that it is important to monitor the effect of antimicrobial treatment individually in order to optimize preventive programs in patients with impaired salivary secretion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inter-relationship among degree of mental retardation, living arrangements, and dental health in adults with mental retardation.

The aim of the present investigation was to study the inter-relationship among the degree of mental retardation, the way of living, and dental health in adults with mental retardation. One hundred and thirty-two adults between the ages of 21 and 40 years who were mentally retarded were examined on two occasions, one year apart. All subjects had had regular dental care for at least 10 years. The clinical examinations included bite-wing radiographs and were made by the same dentist. The degree of mental retardation was assessed by a professional psychologist. The results show that the degree of mental retardation as well as living arrangements are factors influencing the dental health of persons with mental retardation. Subjects who were mildly retarded had higher caries incidence and caries prevalence compared with subjects with moderate or severe mental retardation. From a preventive dental health perspective, special attention should be focused on subjects with mild mental retardation who are not living in institutions.

Activities of Daily Living↗