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Biomedical subjects

L Hammarström

Publications and source records attributed to L Hammarström.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Occurrence and appearance of cementum hypoplasias in localized and generalized juvenile periodontitis.

The occurrence and appearance of cementum hypoplasias have been studied on teeth affected by juvenile periodontitis. Scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of cementum hypoplasias on the root surface of all extracted first molars and one incisor from nine patients with localized juvenile periodontitis and on most extracted teeth from two patients with generalized juvenile periodontitis. No hypoplasias were found on the extracted third molars. The alveolar bone loss in these patients seemed to be correlated to the frequency and extension of the hypoplastic areas in the associated teeth. The distribution of the teeth affected by localized juvenile periodontitis showed a symmetric distribution in the jaws. The patients with generalized juvenile periodontitis showed considerable deposits of dental calculus and wide areas of root resorption. The disturbance of cementum formation may have been caused by hereditary systemic factors, which subside with increasing age of the patient. The clinical appearance of juvenile periodontitis may therefore be influenced by the age at onset, the duration, and the frequency of such systemic factors, giving rise to a localized form and a more generalized form. One such factor may be a varying degree of hypophosphatasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Zinc and alkaline phosphatase in developing rat oral mucosa.

Alkaline phosphatases (AlkPase) of many different tissues and species have been shown to be zinc metalloenzymes. Specific regions of rat oral mucosa have a high activity of AlkPase. Combined autoradiography and enzyme histochemistry showed that they also retained injected radioactive zinc (65Zn). The AlkPase activity was inactivated by EDTA and reactivated with zinc. However, it could not be verified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis combined with radioactivity measurements and enzyme analysis that the 65Zn uptake of oral mucosa was incorporated in the AlkPase molecule.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

IgG subclass distribution of autoantibodies against ribonucleoproteins.

The IgG subclass distribution of anti-RNP antibodies was determined in sera from 34 patients. The antibodies were mainly of the complement-fixing IgG1 subclass with minor contributions of IgG3 and IgG4 antibodies. Selected sera contained IgG2 (non-complement fixing) anti-RNP antibodies and may possibly identify a subgroup of patients.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1986

Necrotizing sialometaplasia--a malignancy simulating oral lesion.

A case of necrotizing sialometaplasia is reported in a 63-year-old white male. The lesion appeared as an ulcerated and painful lesion inside the left ramus mandibulae. An incisional biopsy was performed and reported as well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. A few days after the initial biopsy was taken the necrotizing tissue disappeared and the ulcer started to heal. A new, excisional biopsy was performed. The initial diagnosis was revised and the lesion reported as necrotizing sialometaplasia. Two weeks after the excisional biopsy complete healing was obtained. The clinical and histological findings are discussed in relation to the different stages through which a necrotizing sialometaplasia might develop. From a differential diagnostic point of view it is important for both the clinician and pathologist to be aware of the lesion's behaviour during the different stages of development.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

IgG3 deficiency: common in obstructive lung disease. Hereditary in families with immunodeficiency and autoimmune disease.

Among 313 patients with serum IgG deficiency, selective IgG3 deficiency was found in 59.5%, combined IgG3 deficiency together with IgG1 deficiency in 36% and combined IgG3-IgG2 deficiency in only 4.5%. Most of the patients with IgG3 deficiency suffered from upper respiratory tract infections, but many also from recurrent bronchitis, bronchopneumonias and asthma bronchiale. Those with combined IgG3-IgG1 deficiency often suffered from obstructive lung disease and chronic lower respiratory tract infections. Other diagnoses found in patients with IgG3 deficiency were diabetes mellitus, Henoch-Schönlein, recurrent herpes simplex infections and recurrent erysipelas. IgG3 deficiency was also found in relatives of patients with common variable immunodeficiency and IgA deficiency. In one family both parents and all four children showed IgG3 deficiency, some of them also C2 deficiency. In another family 2 siblings with diabetes mellitus showed IgG3 deficiency. In still another family the mother and her daughter both with asthma bronchiale showed IgG3 deficiency. Patients with IgG3 deficiency could respond to pneumococcal vaccine and seemed to respond to immunoglobulin substitution given every or every other week.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1986

Detection of immunoglobulin genes in individuals with immunoglobulin class or subclass deficiency. Evidence for a pretranslational defect.

Individuals with IgA class or IgG or IgA subclass deficiencies, as well as patients with the phenotypic expression of common variable hypogammaglobulinemia with undetectable IgA, were investigated for immunoglobulin structural gene defects. In total, more than 100 donors were studied using Southern blots. In none of these individuals did we find evidence for structural C alpha- or C gamma-gene deletions. Digestion with BamHI, PstI and PvuII, did not reveal any polymorphism in the samples analyzed with the alpha gene probe. We were unable to detect alpha-chain mRNA in lymphocytes from 8 individuals with undetectable serum and salivary IgA.

Dysgammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1986

Development of anti-polysaccharide antibodies in asplenic children.

Splenectomized patients are highly susceptible to infections with capsulated bacteria and an impaired response to vaccination with bacterial polysaccharides has frequently been observed in these individuals. Based partly on experimental animal data, an important role for the spleen in the production of specific anti-carbohydrate antibodies, i.e. mostly IgG2 in normal adults, has been suggested. We therefore determined the immunoglobulin class and subclass pattern of serum antibodies from asplenic patients against protein and carbohydrate antigens. Normal levels of total serum IgM, IgG2 and specific IgM and IgG2 anti-polysaccharide antibodies were observed, suggesting only a minor role for the spleen in determining the antibody repertoire. The data imply that the impaired phagocytic capacity and/or the inability to mount a sufficiently rapid antibody response are the main factors underlying the increased susceptibility to bacterial infections noted in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for subclass distribution of human IgG and IgA antigen-specific antibodies.

In this study we describe an ELISA using monoclonal antibodies to IgG 1, 2, 3, 4, IgA1 and IgA2 for determining the subclass distribution of human-specific antibodies. No cross-reactivity of the subclass-specific reagents under the conditions used was observed. The sensitivity was 0.5 ng/ml for IgG1, 3, 4; 1.5 ng/ml for IgG2 and 50 ng/ml for IgA1 and IgA2. The reproducibility as described by the coefficient of variation calculated on repeated runs was 8-26% if the data were obtained by relating the absorbance values to a positive serum run in the assay, 17-58% when relating the OD figures to those of a standard myeloma plate. The method may be considered semiquantitative with high sensitivity and specificity, easy to handle and with small day-to-day variation. The assay has been applied to a number of antigens of protein and polysaccharide nature.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Transfer of IgA deficiency to a bone-marrow-grafted patient with aplastic anaemia.

IgA deficiency developed in a 2-year-old boy with aplastic anaemia who received a bone-marrow graft from his HLA-identical, 6-year-old, IgA-deficient sister. Southern blot analysis revealed the presence of alpha-genes in both children, thus suggesting a defect of lymphocyte stem-cell differentiation as a cause of IgA deficiency. Tissue typing showed homozygosity of HLA A1, B8, DR3, the haplotype associated with IgA deficiency in healthy people. Despite normal serum levels of IgG subclasses in both donor and recipient, both children showed a relative lack of specific IgG2 anticarbohydrate antibodies. This suggests that their IgA deficiency is part of a more fundamental aberration of immunoglobulin class and subclass distribution.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1985

Heterogeneity of T-cell beta-chain gene rearrangements in human leukaemias and lymphomas.

The state of T-cell receptor beta-chain gene rearrangement in human T-cell leukaemias has been analysed. All forms of leukaemia tested (T-CLL, ALL, PLL, Sezary syndrome and ATL) exhibit rearrangements of C beta genes confirming the clonality of these neoplasias. However we find no evidence for common gene rearrangements nor for restricted rearrangement patterns within this type of neoplasia. We find evidence of T-cells with C beta 1 and C beta 2 rearrangements, sometimes associated with Igh JH rearrangements, but several cases of T-cell leukaemia with a marker inversion of chromosome 14 (q11;q32) do not have Igh JH rearrangements. The results suggest that TCR beta gene rearrangement occurs early in T-cell ontogeny but that this rearrangement is most often irrelevant to leukaemogenesis.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1985

beta 2-Microglobulin secretion from lymphoid cells: a study at the cellular level.

A protein plaque assay was developed for the detection of human lymphocytes secreting beta 2-microglobulin. The development of plaques required production of beta 2-microglobulin by viable cells at an estimated rate exceeding 25 molecules per second. It has previously been suggested that beta 2-microglobulin secretion is restricted to certain lymphoid cell subpopulations. However, both T- and B-cells were shown to form plaques in normal donors and immunodeficient patients after activation with various mitogens. A close correlation between beta 2-microglobulin production and DNA synthesis was evident. However, secretion of immunoglobulin did not correlate with the proportion of cells secreting beta 2-microglobulin.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1985

Fibrous dysplasia of bone and concomitant dysplastic changes in the dentin.

Fibrous dysplasia of bone and dentinal dysplasia have not been classified as related conditions. However, the present report describes a patient with both polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and dysplastic changes in the dentin. One bone lesion was first discovered on the right side of the mandible on a routine roentgenogram. There was an atypical radiolucency apical to a short-rooted molar with an obliterated pulp. Additional lesions were found on the left side of the mandible in the maxilla, in the frontal and occipital bones, in the ilium, in the proximal ulnae, and in the ribs. All lesions demonstrated an increased uptake of Tc99. A biopsy specimen of bone from the right side of the mandible showed small calcified islands in a cell-rich connective tissue. Microscopic analysis of the right first molar showed irregularly shaped dentin with the dentinal tubules arranged in a whorl-like fashion surrounding an almost completely obliterated pulp chamber and canal. Healing after tooth extraction and after the bone biopsy was unremarkable. After 6 months the alveolus was reorganized and the bone patterns appeared normal, although the radiolucent areas inferior to the teeth remained unchanged. The concomitant occurrence of dysplastic changes in bone and teeth may be a sign of a generalized defect in the mesenchymal hard-tissue-forming cells.

Adult↗