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Biomedical subjects

L Henriksson

Publications and source records attributed to L Henriksson.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The urethral pressure profiles in continent and stress-incontinent women.

Simultaneous urethrocystometry, including recording of the urethral pressure profile, was performed in 127 women aged 30 to 69 years; 42 of the women were free from urologic disorders and 85 had stress incontinence of urine. Both groups were subgrouped according to age. The results in the continent and the incontinent women were analyzed separately, in order to disclose any age-related changes. The data within each decade of age were also comparatively analyzed. In the bladder pressure at rest no age-related changes were found, and the readings were similar in the continent and the incontinent women. The maximum urethral pressure fell significantly with rising age in both groups and was significantly reduced in stress incontinence. The urethral closure pressure showed variations similar to those in the maximum urethral pressure. No lower limit of urethral closure pressure that definitely predisposed to stress incontinence could be established. The functional length of the urethra diminished significantly with rising age in the continent, but not in the incontinent women. The absolute length of the urethra did not show such diminution. Both the functional and the absolute urethral length were significantly less in the incontinent than in the continent women in the age groups between 30 and 49 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effects of nifedipine on the smooth muscle of the human urinary tract in vitro and in vivo.

Smooth muscle preparations of the urethra, bladder, and ureter were obtained from patients undergoing operations for various urological disorders. The urethral preparations were contracted by noradrenaline (0.1-3 microgram . ml-1), prostaglandin F2alpha (1-10 microgram . ml-1), and potassium (127 mM), the bladder preparations by carbacholine (0.004-1 microgram . ml-1), prostaglandin F2alpha (1-10 microgram . ml-1), potassium (127 mM), and barium chloride (3 mM), and the ureter preparations by potassium (127 mM), and barium chloride (3 mM). Irrespective of the mode of activation, pretreatment with nifedipine (0.1 microgram . ml-1) for 10 min. reduced the responses. Nifedipine also relaxed preparations contracted by the contractile agents used. In 19 female patients, aged 20 to 73 years, undergoing investigation because of urgency and/or urge incontinence, simultaneous urethrocystometry at rest was performed before and after oral administration of 20 to 40 mg nifedipine. Bladder capacity and residual urine were also determined. Nifedipine did not affect the pressures within the bladder and urethra, nor did it increase the bladder capacity. However, after nifedipine intake there was a statistically significant increase in residual urine. The results suggest that nifedipine can inhibit contractile activity induced by drugs with different modes of action; the drug does not affect the tone in bladder and urethra.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Effects of prostaglandin E2 applied locally on intravesical and intraurethral pressures in women.

In 21 women undergoing simultaneous urethrocystometry because of dysuria, urge, and difficulties to empty the bladder, the effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) applied locally in the bladder and urethra were investigated. In all 9 patients receiving PGE2 intravesically, the bladder pressure increased. Simultaneously, there was a signficant decrease in maximum urethral pressure (p less than 0.05), and in urethral closure pressure (p less than 0.005). Residual urine decreased in the 4 patients, in whom it exceeded 50 ml before administration. All 12 patients receiving PGE2 intraurethrally showed a decrease in maximum urethral pressure). There was a significant increase in bladder pressure (p less than 0.05); urethral closure pressure decreased in all patients. Bladder capacity decreased significantly (p less than 0.01). Residual urine exceeding 50 ml was found in 6 patients; it decreased in 4 after PGE2 administration. It is concluded that PGE2 applied intraurethrally can decrease the intraurethral pressure and increase the bladder pressure without side effects. By these actions, the drug might be useful for facilitating bladder emptying in patients with acute retention of urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effect of changes of posture on the urethral closure pressure in healthy women.

The effect of changes of posture on hydrodynamic parameters considered important for the maintenance of urinary continence was investigated in 14 healthy women. The subjects were investigated in the supine and erect positions using a previously described technique for simultaneous urethrocystometry, including recording of the urethral pressure profile. It was found that a change from the supine to the standing position increased the maximum intravesical pressure from a mean value of 13 mmHg to 22 mmHg. There was a simultaneous increase in the maximum intra-urethral pressure from a mean of 66 mmHg to 82 mmHg. As a consequence, the urethral closure pressure increased from a mean of 53 mmHg to 60 mmHg. The functional length of the urethra increased from 25 mm to 28 mm, and the absolute length from 28 mm to 36 mm. It is concluded that in healthy women, a change from the supine to the standing position causes a rise in the maximum intra-urethral pressure and an increase in the absolute and functional lengths of the urethra. These effects counteract the simultaneous increase in bladder pressure, and can be regarded as compensatory mechanisms for the maintenance of continence.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Age-dependent differences of distribution and clearance patterns in normal RIHSA cisternograms.

In a retrospective study of 536 unselected consecutive RIHSA cisternographies a total of 84 cases with normal time-sequential scans were reviewed and, after dividing into three age groups, statistically elaborated with regard to the CSF pathways and flow rate. Our findings on a 5% level of significance are: 1) The total CSF flow and turnover depends on age; the highest rate of CSF flow is found in young patients (less than 25 years) and decreases constantly with increasing age. 2) In old patients (less than 50 years) the dorsal and lateral CSF pathways predominate over the frontomedial ones which are preferred in the younger age group (less than 25 years). 3). The washout of the basal cisterns and the clearance of the isotope over the convexities decreases significantly with increasing age. 4) The normal individual cisternographic variations and significant age-dependent differences agree with simultaneous encephalographic findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonography and scintigraphy of the liver in focal and diffuse disease.

In a clinical series the accuracy of standard colloid scintigraphy and gray-scale ultrasonography in investigations for liver disease was evaluated. The results of 246 investigations in which both methods were utilized were reviewed and classified according to diagnosis and follow-up. In focal disease the sensitivity was 0.90 for scintigraphy, and 0.83 for ultrasonography; ultrasonography had the higher specificity, 0.94 compared with 0.77 for scintigraphy. In diffuse disease the sensitivity was found to be low for both methods, about 0.60, while specificity was high, 0.86 for scintigraphy and 0.92 for ultrasonography. Decreased liver function in diffuse liver disease as reflected by bone marrow uptake at scintigraphy was not found to have any influence on the degree of sensitivity of ultrasonography.

False Negative Reactions↗