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Biomedical subjects

L Horák

Publications and source records attributed to L Horák.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Re-fixation in a lymph node revealing solution is a powerful method for identifying lymph nodes in colorectal resection specimens.

AIM: To verify an impact of a lymph node revealing solution (LRS) on the number of lymph nodes (LN) revealed in colorectal resection specimens. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifty-nine cases of rectosigmoid carcinomas divided into two subgroups-stage pT2&3 (20 cases) and ypT2&3 (with pre-operative radiotherapy-39 cases)-were formalin fixed for 42-72 h, serially sectioned and re-fixed in LRS containing ethanol, diethyl ether, glacial acetic acid, and formalin for 24 h. The number of LNs was matched to a control group consisting of 34 cases of colorectal carcinoma, 14 pT2&3 and 20 ypT2&3 rectosigmoid carcinomas examined routinely. Results were statistically tested by Student's t-test. RESULTS: In the study group the total number of revealed LNs was 869, range 1-48, average 14.7 per specimen, median 15. In the control group the number of LNs was 200, range 0-13, average 5.9 per specimen, median 6. The difference between the study and the control group was statistically significant (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION: Using LRS leads to a significant increase in the number of revealed LNs in colorectal resection specimens and makes it possible to find more than 12 LNs in a majority of stage pT2 and pT3 adenocarcinomas.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed2006

[Complications of the Longo Procedure--rectal occlusion].

Longo Procedures on hemorrhoids are widely used and standard surgical procedures used in many surgical clinics. Extensive studies, describing benefits and possible complications of the method in a detail, are published in Czech and foreign literature. A wide range of complication rates (5-20%) is reported by individual clinics, however, the rates decrease proportionally to the surgeon's growing experience and mastering of the method. The complications reported are mostly non-serious, bleeding from stapled sutures is one of the commonest ones. However, more serious complications including suture dehiscence or rectovaginal fistules, are less common. Our case-review presents an unusual complication after the procedure, a blind closure of the rectum with a circular PPH stapler. No similar complication has been found in the available literature.

Female↗
PubMed2005

[The malignant melanoma metastasis into the stomach corpus].

Our case-review studies an unusual case of occult bleeding from the cephalad portion of the digestive tube, caused by a metastasis of the malignant melanoma in the gastric corpus. The worldwide rates of patients with confirmed metastatic affections of the abdominal cavity, reaches only 2%. On the contrary, in 60% patients who died in consequence with malignant melanoma generalization, sections revealed metastases to the gastrointestinal tract. Unspecific symptoms, most frequently general weakness, tiredness, unspecific pains, anaemia and sometimes difficult decision-making, are among the suspected causes of poor diagnostic outcomes. Our case-review and collected literature data have confirmed positive effects of surgery on condition of patients with metastatic affections of the gastrointestinal tract.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment of the agitated patient in surgical practice].

The authors discuss in their paper treatment of amented delirious conditions as a complication after an urgent or elective surgical operation. Contrary to hitherto applied practice, where treatment is started only at the onset of the mental disorder, the authors administered treatment in selected patients immediately after surgery. The results revealed a marked decrease of amented delirious conditions in the group of patients where treatment was started immediately after surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Liver resection using the harmonic scalpel].

The authors present their initial experience with the use of a harmonious scalpel in resections of the liver. The harmonious scalpel was used as part of the resection technique in 24 patients operated in 1999. Indication for surgery was in five patients benign liver disease (inborn cysts, nodular hyperplasia, haemangioma, hepatocellular adenoma) and in 19 malignant disease (hepatocellular carcinoma and secondaries). Anatomical resection of the liver was performed in 15 patients and in 9 patients a wedge-shaped resection. During resection a combined technique with a harmonious scalpel was used (with coagulation scissors). As to postoperative complications two patients developed cholascos. According to the authors' experience introduction of a harmonious scalpel into the technique of liver resection is the method of choice in particular in non-anatomical resections because of the better control of haemorrhage and safer isolation of bile ducts and blood vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Surgical treatment of hepatic metastases].

The authors analysed the possibilities of surgical treatment of hepatic secondaries in a group of 69 patients where resection of the liver was performed. Most frequently secondaries of carcinoma of the large intestine and rectum were resected (40 patients). As to different operations in 12 patients left-sided lateral lobectomy; right-sided lateral lobectomy was performed in 8, segmentectomy in 26 and in 23 wedge-shaped resection. During the postoperative period local complications developed in 5 patients and two were treated on account of pneumonia. The mean period of survival in patients operated on account of secondaries of the large intestine and rectum was 19 months.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Utilization of determining lipid-bound sialic acid for the diagnosis and further prognosis of cancer.

In three types of tumors, rectal carcinoma, large intestine carcinoma and bronchogenic carcinoma, the level of lipid-bound sialic acid (LSA) was determined in blood serum before and after surgical operation. In all the cases, there was a significant increase of LSA content in comparison with healthy controls. Considerable increase in LSA values was observed in patients in relapse after surgical intervention. In contrast to this, in patients with regression the LSA levels were lower as compared with LSA levels prior to the surgical intervention. We believe that the method of determining LSA level could be used not only for the diagnosis of cancer, but also for the prognosis.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1991

[Problems in perineal wound healing after abdominoperineal excision of the rectum per primam].

The authors analyze different methods of treatment of perineal wounds after abdominoperineal extirpation of the rectum. They do not recommend for wider use the method of filling the cavity with an omental flap or loops of the small intestine. They consider haemostatic tamponades of the perineal cavity as obsolete in view of the large number of postoperative infectious complications. In their trials they used as a filling absorbable polymer. They elaborated a method of lavage drainage of the perineal wound which, in view of the favourable results achieved, is considered the method of choice.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Removal of pulmonary metastases using the Nd:YAG laser].

The authors submit a case-history on their first successful application of a Nd:YAG laser in pulmonary surgery. They operated a 17-year-old boy with metastases of a synovial sarcoma in both wings of the lungs. First the boy was operated on the left side by the classical technique, half a year later the authors used a Nd:YAG laser on the right side. By means of the laser four metastases were removed. The postoperative course was without complications. One month after operation the patient was discharged from the care of oncologists and was free of complaints. The authors compare the surgical techniques and the postoperative course of the patient. A Nd:YAG laser is a suitable supplement of the equipment of pulmonary surgeons. Since the described case the authors used the laser in same indication in another three patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Photodynamic therapy of human tumor xenotransplants in athymic nu/nu mice].

The effect of phototherapy on the growth of two human tumors, i.e. carcinoma of the rectum I and III, was studied. The tumors were xenotransplated into athymic nu/nu mice. Meso-tetra-(para-sulfophenyl)-porphin, TPPS4, was used as photosensitizer. Incorporation studies showed the optimal dose for phototherapy to be 10 mg/kg TPPS4 and the time interval 72 hours. Under these experimental conditions (helium-neon laser, 632, 8, 300 J/cm2) one of six tumors was cured in the group with carcinoma of the rectum I, and that both after IV and IT administration of the photosensitizer. The other five experimental animals exhibited only partial responses to phototherapy. In the group with carcinoma of the rectum III, five out of six tumors were cured by IT administration of TPPS4 under the same experimental conditions. In one mouse there was only partial response to phototherapy. After IV administration of TPPS4, however, not a single tumor was cured and the response to phototherapy was only partial in all the six experimental animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Removal of a liver tumor using the Nd:YAG laser].

At the Third Surgical Clinic, Charles University Prague a Nd:YAG laser, manufactured locally, MEDICALAS, was used to remove a hepatic tumour with a diameter of 3 cm. The authors used a continuous mode, a wavelength of 1064 nm, a non-contact focusing terminal and output of 100 W. The patient was discharged, healed, on the 11th day after operation. The operation which had no complications was the first of its kind in Czechoslovakia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Advantages of autotransfusion].

UNLABELLED: Autotransfusions have a period of renaissance. ADVANTAGES: the risk of transmission of infectious diseases (hepatitis, malaria, lues, AIDS etc.) is eliminated; there is no danger of isosensitization; autologous blood ensures a better oxygen transfer and higher activity of coagulation factors; pretransfusion examinations are eliminated; there is no need to postpone the operation for shortage of blood; the consumption of homologous blood is reduced; economy; religious objections against transfusion of homologous blood are eliminated. The authors know of no disadvantages. Blood for autotransfusion was collected from 130 patients before a planned operation, 11 times two consecutive blood collections were made. No complication threatening the patient's health was encountered.

Blood Preservation↗