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Biomedical subjects

L Lehr

Publications and source records attributed to L Lehr.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Bromide space, total body water, and sick cell syndrome.

Displacements of the bromide space (Br-82-C, as a marker for the extracellular fluid compartment) are caused by an enhanced anatomical space and/or increased permeability of cells to bromide. The ratio Br-82-C: total body water (TBW) was evaluated to be 0.83 +/- 0.17 in critically ill patients (n = 38) compared with the normal value of 0.46 +/- 0.04 (n = 10). Because of normal TBW in critically ill patients (TBW = 505 +/- 68 ml/kg), an increased bromide penetration into cells seems to be responsible for the enlarged ratio Br-82-C: TBW. Taking into consideration measurements in patients with malabsorption (BR-82-C: TBW = 0.56 +/- 0.13; n = 13) and carcinoma of the rectum and colon (Br-82-C: TBW = 0.66 +/- 0.24; n = 18) we think that the bromide space is a good measurement of the effective extracellular water.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Limulus amebocyte lysate test for endotoxemia: investigations with a femtogram sensitive spectrophotometric assay.

The question of specificity of Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test in the diagnosis of endotoxemia has been a limiting factor of its clinical application. Using a femtogram-sensitive spectrophotometric LAL assay 35 of 36 septic postoperative patients showed an excellent correlation (almost 100%) between positive LAL tests and culture-proven gram-negative bacteremia. Twenty patients of this group demonstrated a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between elevated total white blood cell counts and Escherichia coli Endotoxin equivalents (EcEe). All 22 liver cirrhotic patients with potentially enteric endotoxemia yielded LAL positive reactions (100%) but 9 of 22 correlated significantly as to leucocytosis and elevated EcEe (2 p < 0.01). A significant correlation between EcEe and leucocyte counts was found for all neonates and all parturients respectively (2 p < 0.001), 2 p < 0.01). In vitro tests showed that leucocytes gave positive LAL tests. Supernates of a Ficoll sedimented crude leucocyte preparations, induced LAL positivity in a dose dependent manner, while all reagents per se used in the preparation, were negative. This study suggests that heat-labile factors from leucocytes apart from endotoxin are responsible for positive LAL reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Encapsulation of "core" eIF3, regulatory components of eIF3 and mRNA into liposomes, and their subsequent uptake into myogenic cells in culture.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3), encapsulated in liposomes, is taken up by chick muscle cells in culture. The exogenously supplied factor (isolated from 14-d embryonic muscle) rapidly associated with 40S ribosomal subunits and particles sedimenting at 80-120S (the known sedimentation value of myosin heavy chain [MHC] mRNPs). In addition, exogenously supplied eIF3 has a specific stimulatory effect on myofibrillar protein synthesis. This stimulation is most apparent at the onset of cell fusion and after the accumulation of MHC-mRNPs. As previously reported (8), total eIF3 can be fractionated on an MHC-mRNA affinity column into a "core" eIF3 and a high affinity component (HAF) which dictates the discriminatory activity of core eIF3. Liposome-encapsulated core eIF3 delivered to cells is found predominantly in 40S ribosomal subunits and gives only a slight stimulation of total protein synthesis. When 3H-MHC-mRNA, preincubated with HAF, is introduced into myoblasts via liposomes, the mRNA is found in heavy polysomes. On the other hand, when the messenger alone or with core eIF3 is taken up by the cells, it is found only on small polysomes. Similar experiments, using viral RNA with the HAF, show no increase in the size class of polysomes. These results mimic the differences observed between myoblast and myotube utilization of MHC-mRNA previously observed (17). These results demonstrate the mRNA discriminatory activity of specific proteins associated with muscle eIF3 and suggest that these proteins play a role in mRNA activation and translation during muscle differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[The treatment of recurrent ulcer after stomach resection with thoracic vagotomy].

Transthoracic vagotomy was performed in 47 patients with anastomotic ulceration. Ulcer healing was achieved in all cases, and no recurrence was observed during an observation up to 10 years. Neither mortality nor major morbidity occurred. Considering the risk of alternative transabdominal procedures thoracic vagotomy as a rule seems to be the most appropriate therapy of anastomotic ulceration at present.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1979

[Preoperative detection of antrum mucosa in patients with peptic ulcer following gastric secretion -- indication for reintervention?].

In 6 of 23 patients with marginal ulcer after gastric resection (B II and Roux-Y anastomosis) a retained ("excluded") gastric antrum attached to the duodenal stump was detected by 99mTC pertechnetate scintiphotography; serum gastrin levels were normal in two of those cases. Resection has been abandoned as a treatment method, and transthoracic vagotomy is recommended for this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Left ventricular pump failure associated with diffuse coagulation in experimental intraoperative autotransfusion.

Autotransfusion of blood from the peritoneal cavity of pigs under a regimen of acid citrate dextrose solution 1:10 v/v for reservoir anticoagulation or systemic heparinization with 300 Iu/kg did not affect cardiac performance. Rapid deterioration of left ventricular pump performance was observed when low dose systemic heparin 100 Iu/kg was used. Evidence suggests that this is related to diffuse coagulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Incidence of gastric mucosal changes in multiple injuries].

In a prospective study the frequency of gastric mucosal lesions was investigated in patients with polytrauma. 23 out of 24 patients had mucosal lesions of different degrees of severity. 5 had petechiae only, 9 developed erosions and 9 ulcers. 11 had symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding, 3 had to be operated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of calcitonin, somatostatin and cimetidine on stress ulcer in rats].

The prophylactic effect of calcitonin, somatostatin and cimetidine on stress ulcer formation in rats was investigated in two stress models: restraint + ketamin (4 h) and hypovolemia (4 h). The basis of the comparative study was a 70% inhibition of acid secretion for 4 h in pyloric ligated animals. This was achieved with 1000 microgram/kg somatostatin s.c., 10 microgram/kg calcitonin s.c., and 2 X 100 mumol/kg cimetidine s.c. In restraint stress and ketamin with calcitonin and cimetidine a significantly lower frequency of gastric lesions was found than with somatostatin. The most potent substance in hypovolemia was calcitonin, with a significant difference in the frequency of mucosal lesions to the groups with cimetidine and somatostatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Effects of experimental hypovolaemic shock on platelets in the pig (author's transl)].

The effects of standardized blood loss on the platelets, as well as on coagulation, fibrinolysis and complement parameters were studied in the pig. A simultaneous fall in arterial and venous platelet counts was demonstrated during the initial phase of blood loss, with a concomitat rise in pulmonary vascular resistance. After exsanguination to the extent of about 40% of the blood volume, the arterial platelet counts increased significantly, whilst the pulmonary vascular resistance, which was negatively correlated with the arterial platelet counts throughout the experiment, fell. Venous platelet counts, on the other hand, remained low during this experimental period and were correlated with cardiac output, but not with pulmonary vascular resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of calcitonin on various stress ulcer models in the rat].

The preventive effect of calcitonin (10 microgram/kg subcutaneously) on stress ulcer was examined in 135 rats. Three stress models were used: (1) immobilization, (2) immobilization and ketamine, (3) hypovolemia. Significantly lowered lesion rates under calcitonin were found in immobilization stress and hypovolemia models (14%, resp. 16%), compared with controls (78%, resp. 56%). Reduction of the severe lesions of the mucous membrane was the only significantly different result in the combination of immobilization and ketamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Changes in pulmonary lipoprotein lipase activity in dogs following experimental bone fracture. A new concept on the pathogenesis of post-traumatic impairment of lung surfactant synthesis and accumulation of fat in lung vessels?

Five hours after a limited, nonhypotensive trauma without gross interference with coagulopathy, lungs of dogs were found to be completely deficient of heparin-releasable, metabolically active lipoprotein lipase. This indicates that the pathway of circulating lipoprotein triglyceride hydrolysis as a source of palmitate for pulmonary dipalmitoyllecithin synthesis is blocked post-traumatically. The possible significance of this finding on post-traumatic impairment of pulmonary surfactant synthesis and accumulation of fatty material in the pulmonary capillary bed is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Blood coagulation disorder, hemolysis and hypoalbuminemia after autotransfusion in experimental intraperitoneal hemorrhages].

Autotransfusion in a canine model (n = 15) causes anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, hypalbuminemia, and metabolic acidosis and enhances elimination of intravenously injected 131I albumin. Contact of the shed blood with the peritoneal surface aggravates the pathologic findings; without simultaneous intraperitoneal heparinization the highest rates of hemolysis with concomitant oliguria were observed.

Acidosis↗