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Biomedical subjects

L Lewandowski

Publications and source records attributed to L Lewandowski.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Persistent parainfluenza type 1 (6/94) infection of brain cells in tissue culture.

A state of persistent infection with parainfluenza type 1 virus (6/94 strain) was established in cultures of human and bovine brain cells. Following primary infection of human brain cells, viral cytopathic effect (CPE) and hemadsorption (HAD) depended on the multiplicity of infection. After persistent infection was established the virus rapidly became cell-associated; no CPE occurred and no viral antigen was detectable by HAD, immunofluorescence (FA), or immunoprecipitation. Infectious virus could be recovered only by fusion or cocultivation. This was in marked contrast with infected bovine brain cells, where, following primary infection, little or no CPE occurred. A productive infection rapidly evolved and persisted without CPE, but with 100 per cent HAD and FA positive cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurodevelopmental precursors to learning disabilities: a preliminary report from a parent survey.

This study documented the number and type of neurodevelopmental problems reported by parents of children with and without learning disabilities (LD), and examined whether a pattern of problems could be identified. One hundred parents, 50 for each group, responded to a retrospective developmental survey. Their children were between 9 and 13 years of age and had a history of either typical academic achievement or classification of a learning disability. Results indicated that the children with learning disabilities were reported to have significantly more neurodevelopmental problems or delays across domains (e.g., language, motor, attention, social behavior) than normal achievers. The study showed that a sizeable portion, although not all, of the children with LD had a history of neurodevelopmental problems. Despite findings that suggest that some difficulties more commonly co-occurred than others, a pattern of neurodevelopmental difficulties was not observed in these children. However, some specific difficulties, such as with following multistep directions, printing letters of the alphabet, and understanding directions (e.g., up, down, right, left), seemed to most typify the students with learning disabilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The LD label for relatively well-functioning students: a critical analysis.

The number of students identified since the mid-1970s as having learning disabilities has produced a corresponding increase in the population of such individuals in postsecondary programs. The Americans with Disabilities Act, along with Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973, provide the basis for civil rights for students in higher education. These laws protect individuals who have a substantial limitation in a major life activity when compared with the general population. A disparity between the legal definition and the clinical definition of learning disabilities, which can encompass those identified on the basis of academic underachievement relative to intellectual potential, has stimulated debate about the fairest, most appropriate standard for declaring a student functionally impaired. Extending services to individuals without significant academic impairment may tax or even deplete scarce resources for others in greater needs, distort the normal processes by which individuals select careers, and diminish the credibility of the diagnosis itself.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

International adoption: a primer for pediatric nurses.

Immigrant visas issued to orphans entering the United States (a proxy measure for international adoptions) totaled 13,620 in 1997, more than double the amount in 1992. As international adoption numbers rise, pediatric nurses encounter more adopted children and adoptive families. Among the many adoption-related issues confronting pediatric health care providers, the one most frequently voiced is: "Should we do or look for anything differently in adopted children? And, if so, what?" To address this issue, a three-fold approach is suggested: (a) recognize the physical conditions and medical problems prevalent in the international countries with high adoption rates; (b) identify the unique adoption-related tasks encountered by children according to their current developmental stage; and (c) determine recommendations for providers, parents, and children to successfully address or cope with these adoption-related tasks and conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Group climate and therapist-patient relationship in two group therapy strategies for schizophrenic patients--a contribution to clarification of differential therapy effects].

A 5-year follow-up of 37 schizophrenic patients revealed that cognitive group therapy (CT) focused on optimum problem-coping skills led to a significant reduction in rehospitalisation, acute psychotic relapses and apathetic symptoms as compared with action-oriented group therapy (AT) directed towards improved social skills. This paper considers whether the group atmosphere and the therapist-patient relationship display important differences that might explain the divergent therapeutic outcomes of the two forms of group therapy. During half the group sessions, the AT patients felt better understood by their therapists than the CT patients. The AT patients were more emotionally involved during one third of the sessions than the CT patients. Towards completion of the therapy, they believed more strongly than the CT patients that they now had a better chance of solving their problems themselves and that they had learned more from their fellow-patients. In their relationships with the patients, the male At therapists felt more anxious, insecure and detached and inwardly less free than the male CT therapists. In contrast, the female AT therapists felt inwardly more free, empathetic and committed, and more confirmed in their relationship with the patients respect to their therapeutic method; the female CT therapists felt more uncertain and detached.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗