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Biomedical subjects

L M Gil-Carcedo

Publications and source records attributed to L M Gil-Carcedo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Otosclerosis and Van der Hoeven's syndrome: a contribution].

Morphological and microchemical changes that effect to the otosclerotic stape in the Van der Hoeve's syndrome were examined with a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Using the Ca/P ratio as criterion--measured by the characteristic x-ray fluorescence--it was shown that the Van der Hoeve stape had a higher Ca/P ratio (2.6:1) as compared to the normal stape (2:1). The Van der Hoeve's syndrome lesions as poorly mineralized, with low calcium salt and apparent increase of phosphates. This finding indicates a possible change from hydroxyapatite (or apatite) to brushite, which imply an acidification of bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Structure of the principal olfactory tract.

Although the purpose and importance of the sense of smell in human beings has not been totally clarified, it is one of the principal information channels in macrosmatic animals. It was the first long-distance information system to have appeared in phylogenetic evolution. The objective of this article is to deepen the knowledge of the pathways that join the olfactory epithelium with the cortical olfaction areas, to better understand olfactory dysfunction in human beings. Differential staining and marking techniques were applied to histologic sections obtained from 155 animals of different species, to study the different connections existing among olfactory tract components. Our study of the connections between the olfactory mucosa and the principal olfactory bulb deserves special mention. The distribution of second neuron connections of the olfactory tract with the central nervous system is quite complex and diffuse. This indicates an interrelation between the sense of smell and a multitude of functions. These connections seem to be of different quantitative importance according to species, but qualitatively they exist in both human beings and other macrosmatic animals.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Scanning electron microscopy images and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis of the stapes in otosclerosis and Van der Hoeve syndrome.

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and microchemical changes that affect sclerotic stapes in otospongiosis and van der Hoeve syndrome. METHODS: A scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive x-ray analyzer was used in the experiments. RESULTS: In otosclerosis, focal lesions are poorly mineralized, with low calcium salt and reduced calcium-to-phosphorus (Ca/P) ratio (1.9:1). This finding correlates with a spongiotic type of lesion and indicates unstable mineralization with possible change from hydroxyapatite to calcium triphosphate. In van der Hoeve syndrome the presence of magnesium in stapes suggests osteoclastic function stimulation. The osteoclasts secrete many protons, causing an acidified microenvironment. Brushite is formed, and Ca/P ratio decreases in comparison with that of control patients (2.0:1 vs. 2.6:1).

Electron Probe Microanalysis↗
PubMed1999

Proposed classification scheme for quantitative olfactory function alterations.

Given the need for a clinical classification for daily patient examinations to refer to each type of quantitative alteration in the sense of smell, we have created a topographic classification of such alterations, establishing groups to distinguish among patients with decreased or total loss of olfaction. Because the classification is based on the diagnosis of the different causes of anosmia, it implicitly includes etiologic and topographic considerations. We have established 3 main groups on the basis of the site of the causal lesion: conduction, sensorineural, and mixed anosmias. In addition, within the sensorineural anosmias, we distinguish between the epithelial, retroepithelial, and central anosmias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Carcinoma of the nasopharynx, radiotherapy, otitis, labyrinthitis, inflammation of the petrous bone, meningitis].

Endocranial complications of otitis show new etiopathogenic possibilities. We have accomplished an analysis of this issue after one of these cases. A female patient with a nasopharyngeal carcinoma developed an otogenous meningitis. Radiotherapeutic management was followed by osteoradionecrosis of cranial basis, local hypoimmunity favorized the reported course: middle otitis, labyrinthitis, petrositis and meningitis. Comments on pathogenetic, clinic and therapeutical peculiarities of this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Microsurgical approach and graft anastomosis to the trunk of the facial nerve in the Wistar rat].

An experimental model was developed for the purpose of investigating neural regeneration of the facial nerve in Wistar rats. The anatomic references used to locate the facial nerve at its exit from the skull base are described. A detailed description of the microsurgical anastomosis of cryopreserved nerve allografts is given. The major advantages and disadvantages of rat models compared with other animal models for experimental studies of the facial nerve are discussed.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1997

[Morphological and morphometric study of sphenoidal sinus].

Thanks to the help of anatomical dissections and imaging techniques we way present this paper in which are described the morphologic characteristics of the sinus, its pneumatization types more frequently encountered, the traits more noteworthy related to the intersinusal partition and bone crests inside the sinus as well the distances detaching the sinus from the anterior wall of the sella turcica and clivus, through which wall the sinus cavity keeps in touch with noble cranial structures as the hypophysis and the brain stem. Ultimately our outcomes are compared with those given by other researchers.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Chronological development of the sphenoidal sinus].

In this paper are exposed the main characteristics of the sphenoidal sinus rise, through a follow-up of its growth during the life-span of the first 20 years of life. For so doing the AA. studied the antero-posterior diameters, the vertical greatest diameter and the several distances detaching this sinus from other important anatomical references, as well the various degrees of pneumatization that the cavity may reach according as the years go over.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Upper aerodigestive infections and their effect on sphenoidal sinus development].

Paranasal sinuses development and its ultimate mode of happening as well, has been the purpose of numerous hypotheses, that can be synthetized in this two: One which sees the pneumatization as mechanical event resulting from muscular tractions exerted on the sphenoidal sinus walls and another one supposing the pneumatization as an active phenomenon due to the osteoclastic potential of the same respiratory mucous membrane. In this work were employed 200 radiogramms belonging both to patients suffering chronic ENT infections and subjects without antecedents. The conclusion drawn out are that chronic infections do not modify the percentage of pneumatization types, but reduce the anteroposterior maximal diameter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The dorsal flap in laboratory animals].

A total of 108 flaps were fashioned in the dorsal area of laboratory animals (47 pedicle and 7 free) and 54 myocutaneous (32 pedicle and 22 free). The anatomical characteristics of the dorsal flap in the rabbit are presented and the microsurgical technique utilized in elaborating free flaps are described. In comparing survival of the different flap types, a greater survival rate (p < 0.05) was found for myocutaneous than cutaneous; and for pedicle than free flaps. In addition it was verified than arterial flow is indispensable for flap survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Dorsal flap in laboratory animals. Prediction of its viability].

Various types of flaps were fashioned in the dorsal area of laboratory animals (rabbits). Subjective and objective methods were evaluated as means of prediction of flap viability: superficial cutaneous temperature and cutaneous fluorescence test. It was verified that subjective methods served to help prognosticate flap viability, while superficial cutaneous temperature annotations were unreliable as indicators. Finally, the cutaneous fluorescence test was revealed to be an ideal method of predicting the viability of transferred tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The development of stria vascularis in the guinea pig fetus].

In the 25 day old guinea pig fetus the lateral wall of the ductus cochlearis is lined with a cylindrical epithelium consisting of a single layer of columnar cells, which opens onto the endolymphatic space. It is clearly separated from the adjacent structures by a basal membrane. This connective tissue contains numerous cells with fibroblastic features, more abundant and larger, the nearer they are to the basal membrane. In the segment of the marginal cells adjoining the endolymphatic cleft sometimes shows up a basal body, suggesting the existence of a kinocilium. The cellular surface is covered with small microvilli. In the 50 day old guinea pig fetus, the development of the stria vascularis is already similar to that of the adult animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Recurrent meningitis and transethmoidal intranasal meningoencephalocele.

A three-year-old girl with hypertelorism suffered seven episodes of meningitis. X-ray, CT scan and gamma-cisternography revealed a meningoencephalocele at the base of the skull. At operation, a 'hole' of about 25mm was clearly visible in the midline, just behind the lamina cribrosa; through this a piece of brain tissue protruded towards the nasal cavities. The herniated brain-tissue was removed and the gap was closed. Meningitis did not recur.

Child, Preschool↗