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Biomedical subjects

L Matsson

Publications and source records attributed to L Matsson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Periodontal conditions in a group of Swedish adolescents. (I). A descriptive epidemiologic study.

The aim of the present study was to describe, clinically and radiographically, the periodontal conditions in 16- and 18-year-old adolescents from Northern Sweden. The studied samples comprised 287 16-year-olds and 283 18-year-olds. The clinical examination included recording of presence of plaque, bleeding on probing and calculus, and measurements of attachment level and pocket depth. Alveolar bone level was measured on bite-wing radiographs. A history was taken of the individual's occupation, oral hygiene habits and tobacco use, health, medication and previous orthodontic treatment. The prevalence of attachment loss (AL) was 9.4% in the 16-year-olds and 19.4% in the 18-year-olds. Proximal AL was found in 2.8% and 4.9%, respectively, and proximal bone loss in 1% in both groups. With only a few exceptions (3 individuals out of 82), the individuals with AL had their loss either at buccal/lingual surfaces or at proximal surfaces. Calculus was present in 32.7% of the 16-year-olds and in 44.9% of the 18-year-olds. Pocket greater than 3 mm were found in 4%. No significant differences concerning the periodontal status or presence of plaque and calculus were detected between urban and rural groups or between sexes. Toothbrushing 2 or more times/day was performed by 84.3% of the 16-year-olds and by 83.7% of the 18-year-olds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Periodontal conditions in a group of Swedish adolescents. (II). Analysis of data.

Periodontal conditions in adolescents from the north of Sweden have been described in an earlier study. 2 groups were distinguished, one with proximal and the other with buccal/lingual probing attachment loss (AL). The present study analysed the relationship between AL and various background variables: plaque, bleeding, calculus, pocket depth, toothbrushing, experience of fixed orthodontic appliance, general disease, socio-economic level. No significant differences between the total group with AL and that without AL were seen concerning general disease, socio-economic level, experience of orthodontic treatment, or presence of bleeding, plaque or calculus. When groups with AL on proximal surfaces and on buccal/lingual surfaces were analysed separately, it was found that the group with proximal AL more often had plaque, bleeding, calculus and pocket depths greater than or equal to 4 mm than the group with absence of AL and the group with buccal/lingual AL. In the latter group, toothbrushing was more frequent. The differences seen between the group with proximal AL and that with buccal/lingual AL may indicate different etiologies of loss of tooth support in these ages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Criteria for assessment of interproximal bone loss on bite-wing radiographs in adolescents.

The present study was performed to determine radiographically the normal distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and the alveolar bone crest (AC) as a background for diagnostic decision on bone loss in adolescents. For this purpose, the normal appearance of the alveolar crest was studied in 30, 18-year-olds reported to have had a clinically healthy gingiva at the age of 16 years. A clinical examination was performed and 4 posterior bite-wing radiographs were taken. Sites with bleeding on probing, loss of probing attachment, defective fillings and calculus were excluded from the analysis. At the remaining 737 sites, the distance CEJ-AC was measured on radiographs. Also, the appearance of the marginal bone (normal, sclerotic, notched and/or irregular image, widening of the periodontal ligament space) was recorded. The mean distances CEJ-AC for the separately-recorded maxillary surfaces amounted to 0.9 or 1.0 mm. In the mandible, the distances amounted to 0.7 or 0.8 mm except for the mesial surface of the mandibular first premolar, where a mean distance of 0.5 mm was noted. At maxillary surfaces, 84-90% of the sites showed a distance of 1 mm or less and 94-100% a distance of 1.5 mm or less. At mandibular surfaces, 93-100% of the sites showed a distance of 1.0 mm or less and 100% a distance of 1.5 mm or less. At 4 sites, located at the mesial surface of the first and second premolars in the maxilla, the CEJ-AC distance was recorded as 2 mm. One site was classified as not having a normal appearance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Periodontal health at first permanent molars adjacent to primary molar stainless steel crowns.

The present investigation was designed to study the effect of stainless steel crowns (SSC), placed on second primary molars, on the periodontal tissues of neighbouring first permanent molars. 36 children (9-12 years old) with an SSC on a second primary molar on one side of the mouth only, were selected for the study. A clinical and radiographic examination was performed at the mesial surface of the first permanent molar, adjacent to the SSC, and at the corresponding area on the contralateral side of the mouth. The clinical examination included gingival and plaque index scores and probing depth measurements. In the radiographic examination, the marginal bone level was assessed. No statistically significant differences in plaque index scores, gingival index scores and probing pocket depth were noted between the mesial surface of first permanent molars and the contralateral control area. Nor were any significant differences in bone level seen. The present findings suggest that the presence of a well-adapted SSC on a second permanent molar does not affect the periodontal health of the neighbouring first permanent molar.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1988

Oral mucosal lesions in patients with acute leukemia and related disorders during cytotoxic therapy.

This study reports the presence of oral mucosal lesions in 26 patients with acute leukemia during the initial weeks of treatment (induction period). For comparison, three groups of patients without malignant disorders (acute disorders, long-term hospitalization, antibiotic treatment) were included. All patients were treated at the University Hospital of Umeå, Sweden. During the period of hospitalization hemorrhages were seen in 14 of the 26 patients with leukemia. No specific location was found. A correlation between presence of hemorrhages and low platelet counts was noted. Eighteen of the patients revealed ulcerations during the period. Ulcerations were predominantly found on the buccal mucosa, the lips, and the tongue. A tendency to an increase in the number and severity of ulcers was noted during the period of induction therapy. A correlation between presence of ulcers and low granulocyte counts was found. Candidiasis-like changes were seen in eight of the patients with leukemia. Compared with the patients with leukemia the patients in the reference groups showed a low prevalence of oral mucosal lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Gingival inflammation at deciduous and permanent teeth. An intra-individual comparison.

Previous studies showed that the tendency to develop gingivitis differed between pre-school children with deciduous dentition and adults. A similar difference was noted between juvenile dogs with deciduous teeth and adult dogs with permanent teeth. The juvenile dogs showed morphologic characteristics which might interfere with the permeability of the junctional epithelium, thus protecting the underlying tissues from bacterial irritation. An indirect way to test whether structural differences of clinical importance exist in humans between the gingiva at deciduous and that at permanent teeth is to study the gingival reaction to a controlled amount of plaque in children with mixed dentition. The present paper reports an intra-individual comparison of the gingival reaction at deciduous teeth with that at permanent teeth. 30 children, 7-9 years of age, took part in the study. The amount of plaque was assessed in terms of the plaque index and the degree of gingival inflammation by applying the gingival index. The mean distribution of gingival index scores did not differ significantly between deciduous and permanent teeth, but a higher % of plaque index score 2 + 3 was found in permanent teeth. In the comparison based on areas of similar plaque irritation, a tendency toward a higher degree of gingivitis was found at the deciduous teeth. The results indicate that structural differences, if any, between the gingiva at deciduous teeth and that at permanent teeth have no impact of clinical significance on the gingivitis reaction.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Gingival inflammatory reaction in children at different ages.

Earlier studies have demonstrated that, with similar levels of plaque accumulation, the tendency to develop gingivitis is lower in pre-school children than in young adults. No studies are available in which the gingival reaction in older children and adults to a given amount of plaque has been compared. The aim of the present study was to compare the gingival reaction to dental plaque in children of different ages and in adults. 3 groups of children (4-6, 7-9 and 14-16 years of age) and 1 group of adults (20-22 years of age) were studied. The degree of gingivitis was determined using the gingival index and the amount of dental plaque was assessed in terms of the plaque index. The results showed that with a given plaque score, the % of high gingivitis scores was less in the 4-6-year-old children than in the older children and adults. At all levels of plaque accumulation, the highest degree of gingival inflammation was noted in the 14-16-year-old children and in the adults. The results indicate that the gingival reactivity increases gradually from early childhood to adult age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructure of developing subgingival plaque in beagle dogs.

The aim of this study was to describe the ultrastructure of developing subgingival plaque. In 6 beagle dogs, healthy gingiva prevailed after a pre-experimental period of intensive plaque control. At the start of the experiment, all oral hygiene measures were withdrawn. Biopsies comprising buccal gingiva and adjacent dental tissues were obtained from premolars and molars on days 0, 4, 7, 21, and 28 and processed for electron microscopy. Sections of day 0 exhibited a junctional epithelium in close contact with the tooth and absence of subgingival aggregations of bacteria on the tooth surface. For each of the subsequent periods studied, some sections did not exhibit subgingival plaque. In the remaining sections with subgingival plaque, almost all bacteria appeared in aggregates attached to the tooth surface. The number of bacteria at the orifice of the gingival sulcus increased with time. Further apically, the micro-organisms formed either a continuous layer of even thickness or, more frequently, discrete microcolonies along the tooth surface. The bacteria comprised practically entirely Gram-negative cocci, rods or spirochetes. The latter were present either mixed with the other types in the discrete microcolonies or constituted the bulk of the continuous layer of plaque. In the apical part of the subgingival plaque, a shift from Gram-negative cocci and rod during the early stages of gingival inflammation, to a predominance of spirochetes in later stages was noted. The study shows that in dogs, starting from a plaque- and gingivitis-free baseline, a predominantly Gram-negative subgingival flora may form within a few days after withdrawal of all oral hygiene measures and that a shift in the bacterial composition of the subgingival plaque takes place during a 4-week period of no oral hygiene.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Partial recording of gingivitis and dental plaque in children of different ages and in young adults.

In epidemiologic studies, total recordings of the amount of dental plaque and the degree of gingival inflammation tend to be too time-consuming. Various partial recording methods have accordingly been suggested. However, the validity of these methods when applied to different age groups has not been investigated sufficiently. The aim of the present study was to test whether different systems for partial recording of plaque and gingivitis can take the place of a full-mouth recording in children of different ages and in young adults. Ninety children, divided into three age groups (4-6, 7-9, 14-16 yr), and 30 adults (20-22 yr) were examined. The degree of gingival inflammation was recorded using the Gingival Index and the amount of dental plaque using the Plaque Index. Two partial recording methods were tested. One of these covered the teeth suggested by Ramfjord, modified for children with a primary dentition, and the other the front segment of the maxilla. The results were compared with those from an examination of all tooth surfaces. In all age groups excellent agreement was found between the partial recording method suggested by Ramfjord and a full-mouth recording of both the gingival state and the amount of dental plaque. Examination of the maxillary front segment was less accurate and resulted in a systematic underestimate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Early prediction of long-term margin adaptation of dental amalgam restorations.

The present study assessed the predictive value of an indirect metric method for the early detection of margin defects of amalgam restorations, relative to results using a direct clinical method. The material consisted of plaster casts of amalgam restorations taken at 1- and 2-yr examinations of four different amalgam-treatment combinations. The widest margin defect of each restoration was measured in a dissection microscope equipped with a metric scale in the ocular. The ranking order obtained from the metric measurements of the different amalgam-treatment combinations after 1 and 2 yr was compared with that obtained from the direct clinical evaluation after 2 yr. Finally, the rank order of those restorations rated Alfa (no visible evidence, along the margin, of a crevice (ditch) into which an explorer will penetrate) at the 2-yr clinical examination was studied in relation to the 1-yr metric measurements. For the total material, the rank order based on the metric measurements of the margin defects of the four amalgam-treatment combinations agreed with that obtained with the clinical rating. In the 1-yr data, where the metric technique was applied only on the restorations rated Alfa at the 2-yr clinical evaluation, the order of two neighboring combinations was reversed; otherwise the same rank order was obtained. It is recommended that the clinical performance of new brands of amalgam alloy are tested in short-term, small-scale studies using the metric evaluation technique, before more extensive field studies over longer periods are instituted, in order to sort out unsatisfactory materials and treatment techniques at an early stage.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Histopathology of initial gingivitis in humans. A pilot study.

The present study concerns the inflammatory alterations in the gingival margin during initial gingivitis in 11-13 year old human subjects. At day 0 of the experiment, all participants had clean teeth and healthy gingiva. All active oral hygiene measures were excluded for 4 days. From upper and lower premolars, which were extracted for orthodontic reasons, contralateral gingival biopsies, including the tooth and the adjacent gingiva, were obtained on days 0 and 4. The presence of inflammatory cells in the junctional epithelium and the adjacent connective tissue was determined quantitatively in semi-thin sections. The collagen content of the gingival margin was also determined. From day 0 to day 4 there was only a slight increase in the number of neutrophilic granulocytes in the junctional epithelium and adjacent connective tissue, while a more pronounced increase was found in the number of mononuclear leukocytes. A loss of collagen was noticed in 4 of the subjects, while 2 did not show any changes in collagen content. The inflammatory reaction seen in the present study differs somewhat from that observed in adult humans and adult dogs. The results correspond more to the reaction seen in juvenile dogs.

Adolescent↗