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Biomedical subjects

L Molnár

Publications and source records attributed to L Molnár.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Allergic alveolitis in agricultural workers, caused by thermophilic bacteria or fungi].

Between 1976-1986 fifty-seven patients with farmer's lung have been diagnosed in Hungary on the basis of data obtained from public institutes for tuberculosis. That are 0.08% of the 744,300 manual workers employed in agriculture and forestry. In the counties of Borsod and Szolnok the rate was 0.5% (referred to 62,900 and 36,000 individuals, respectively). Regional accumulation of the different provoking agent's and variation of disease prevalence seem to be in correlation with geographical, climatic, meteorological, economical and occupational factors, showing a declining tendency in recent years. Antibodies of the Thermoactinomyces vulgaris antigen could be detected most frequently. In the biopsy material of 17 patients obtained by Klassen biopsy were fibrosing and not fibrosing desquamative alveolitis, granulomas similar to sarcoidosis, bronchiolitis with peribronchial fibrosis observed. Mostly focal, rarely subpleural deficiencies were detected by lung-scintigraphy, their dimension in acute cases being greater than the extent of radiological lesions. On the basis of 5 Coombs positive cases authors consider conceivable that sometimes cytotoxic allergic reaction type II participates in the pathogenesis of farmer's lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cerebral ischaemia produced by homologous blood clot emboli in rabbit.

In 40 rabbits cerebral ischaemia was induced by autologous blood clot emboli injected into the middle cerebral artery. Autologous blood clot formed spontaneously (within 2 h) in a catheter fixed in the internal carotid artery. The effects of embolization were investigated on arterial blood pressure, respiration, local cerebral blood flow, locally available O2 (aO2), steady (DC) potentials and EEG. After embolization the blood pressure and the frequency of respiration decreased transiently. On the embolized side the local cerebral blood flow, aO2, the frequency and amplitude of the EEG diminished markedly and the DC potentials shifted to negative. Similar but less marked and short-lasting changes could be seen on the contralateral side. Pathological examination of the brains revealed extensive infarction with haemorrhagic components. The technique is a promising method for inducing stroke experimentally and offers various ways for its thorough investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Akinetic mutism associated with bicingular lesions: clinicopathological and functional anatomical correlates.

The clinical symptoms and neuropathological findings of three patients suffering from akinetic mutism were summarized. The patients showed almost absolute mutism and immobility and were unable to communicate in any way. The neurological signs varied from case to case. The pathological features common to all of the cases were bilateral lesions of the rostral part of the anterior cingulate gyri which overlapped onto the neighboring supplementary motor area, while differing as regards other damage. With the help of more recent neurobiochemical findings we tried to analyze the pathomechanism of akinetic mutism on the basis of the structures damaged. There seems to be an anatomic correspondence between the mesolimbocortical dopaminergic system and the circumscribed bilateral lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex. The study suggests that damage of the mesolimbocortical dopaminergic terminal fields in the anteromedial frontal cortex is essential for this specific type of akinetic mutism.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

A new model for inducing transient cerebral ischemia and subsequent reperfusion in rabbits without craniectomy.

An artificial ball removable by an attached fiber was injected into the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of 16 rabbits, allowing the study of transient (5, 10, 15, or 30 minutes) cerebral ischemia without craniectomy. Measurements of available oxygen (aO2) in the ischemic core (the ventral part of the temporal area) followed by histologic examination verified the embolization. Electroencephalographic power spectra and steady (direct current) potentials were recorded bilaterally on the convexity remote from the actual lesion but still supplied by the MCA. Local cerebral blood flow and aO2 in the border zone between the anterior cerebral artery and the occluded MCA were measured. Embolization caused typical ischemic changes ipsilaterally and alterations characteristic of diaschisis contralaterally. Extreme border zone hyperemia developed without significant aO2 changes in the same region. Restoration of circulation via the circle of Willis induced gradual normalization. Our model for controlled embolization and recirculation proved suitable for detailed studies of the complex changes in brain function caused by transient ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Course and transformation of polycythaemia vera in relation to therapy.

The fate of the polycythaemic patient depends on the treatment employed which may determine the nature of the transformation commonly occurring late in the course of the disease. Treatment is, on the other hand, aimed at prevention of the most frequent complications, that is of thromboembolic processes. In the last 30 years the authors treated a total of 118 PV patients, of whom 60 have died. Initially 32P treatment was applied, which was modified later, because of acute leukaemia that had occurred in 9% of the treated cases, to a single 5 mC 32P+Myelobromol (DBM) treatment. Still later only DBM was administered in the form of stosstherapy (2500 mg per day over a period of 4 days). In the latter two groups, acute leukaemia occurred as few as two cases. The course of untreated polycythaemia vera is characterized by transformation into another myeloproliferative disease. This phenomenon occurs in 50% of the cases on drastic treatment and in patients treated with 32P. Of the patients who were alive when the report was finished 35% had been free of complications, while 5.2% were suffering from chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL), 34.5% from sclerotic osteo-myelofibrosis (OMF-SC) and 3.4% from chronic megakaryocytic granulocytiv leukaemia (CMGL). Of the 60 patients having died, 15% had suffered from other complications being predominantly of vascular nature. 11.8% of them died of AML, 10% of CGL, 26.7% of OMF-SC and 26.7% of CMGL. The terminal stage was characterized, in the majority of cases, by blastic crisis. Based on their own results and literary data authors recommend DBM treatment besides the indispensable phlebotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Anatomical patterns of hypoplastic posterior communicating arteries and their implications for cerebrovascular diseases.

A total of 114 undersized posterior communicating arteries (PCoA-s, external diameter less than 1 mm) and 126 larger ones were investigated histologically. Microscopic examination of hypoplastic PCoA-s revealed five different structural patterns. Two of them showed microscopic appearances characteristic of intracranial arteries seen in adults or newborns without vascular disease. Two other types resembled the histologic picture of Moya Moya disease. The last type was thin-walled and dilated. All PCoA-s larger than 1 mm displayed the adult pattern. The PCoA-s with the Moya Moya-like structure and the thin-walled, dilated pattern contained unusually few reticular fibers. It is supposed that Moya Moya disease may be restricted to the PCoA-s. Further, the types of hypoplastic PCoA-s with reticular fiber deficiency are most probably the source of the so-called unexplained subarachnoid hemorrhage regardless of the presence of infundibular widening. The latter statement stems from the observation that the structure of junctional dilatation does not differ from that of other segments of the artery that exhibit this alteration.

Adolescent↗