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Biomedical subjects

L Rabow

Publications and source records attributed to L Rabow.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Neurosurgical publications in European journals.

The number of papers published in European neurosurgical journals during the last decade (1980-90) was analysed using online databases. Thirteen journals devoted to neurosurgery were published in Europe at that time. In five of them neurosurgery appears together with other specialties. Almost 50% of all European neurosurgical journals are written in English. They published 68% of all papers by neurosurgeons appearing in the European neurosurgical journals during the last decade. Together with the American neurosurgical journals English was used in about 80% of all neurosurgical publications. Other languages used are German and French (9% each), Russian (5%), Czech or Slovak (4%), Polish (3%), Rumanian (2%). Most papers by European neurosurgeons originate from England, followed by Germany, France, Italy and Sweden. Of the East-European countries Polish neurosurgeons contributed with 782 publications, followed by Czechoslovakia (568), Hungary (501), USSR (470) and East Germany (452). The proportion of papers published in neurosurgical journals by European neurosurgeons to those in the journals devoted to other neurosciences varied from 99% in the USSR to 12% in Austria with an average of 38%. Citation analysis indicates that only a few of the journals have a large impact on neurosurgical publications, while the others have a rather limited influence.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed1991

Relation between sensory disturbance and outcome after retrogasserian glycerol rhizotomy.

The relation between postoperative sensory deterioration and surgical outcome in 54 patients treated by retrogasserian glycerol rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia was studied. The facial sensibility was assessed one day and three months postoperatively. Thresholds for perception and pain were determined quantitatively using transcutaneous electrical stimulation and clinically by light touch and pinprick tests. At a follow-up one year after surgery there was no significant difference in pain relief between patients who did show and patients who did not show sensory deterioration at the one day or three months evaluations. Nevertheless, there was a tendency for higher recurrence rate in patients with mild or no sensory disturbance.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Percutaneous stereotactic brain tumour biopsy and cyst aspiration with a non-invasive frame.

A non-invasive Stereoadapter was used for stereotactic CT-guided percutaneous brain biopsy in 18 patients with 16 solid tumours and four cysts. The Stereoadapter was mounted on the patient's head using ear plugs and a nasion support. After the CT study, the Stereoadapter was detached. The target was simulated on a phantom base and a probe carrier attached to the Stereoadapter. For surgery, the Stereoadapter with the probe carrier was remounted to the patient's head. Local anaesthesia was mainly used. Tissue samples were aspirated with a 2 mm diameter Sedan-Nashold biopsy cannula, introduced through a twist drill hole. Conclusive histological/cytological diagnosis was obtained in 16 of the 20 lesions. The new method proved to be reliable and quick. Since the imaging study and the surgery could be separated in time and place, the biopsy procedure was less time-consuming than previous methods of stereotactic biopsy using an invasive frame.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between CT attenuation changes and post-traumatic CSF-CKBB-activity after severe head injury in man.

In order to evaluate if it is practically possible to assess the volume of contused brain tissue from the CT pictures, a comparison has been carried out between the size of the cerebral contusion(s)--as estimated from the CT scans--and the post-traumatic CSF-CKBB activity, in a series of 29 patients with severe head injury. A clearance curve for the elimination of CKBB from the CSF was constructed. The relation between contusion volume and CSF-CKBB-activity was not statistically significant, while the relationships between contusion volume and outcome, and between CSF-CKBB, as estimated at 6 hours after from the clearance curve, and outcome, were.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The use of chordotomy to treat pain from gynecologic cancer.

Tumor growth in the pelvis with nerve involvement causes severe pain which is notoriously resistant to pharmacological treatment. Chordotomy is a classical method for the relief of pain. This is a retrospective study of 24 chordotomy cases, operated on at the department of Neurosurgery, and independently evaluated at the department of Gynecologic Oncology. Initially 19 patients (79%) were painfree whereas 4 patients (17%) had only moderate or no relief following the operation (one not evaluable). 10 patients remained free of pain until death. There were no serious complications. Possible causes of pain relapse are analysed. We conclude that chordotomy is worth consideration when facing severe pelvic cancer pain.

Cordotomy↗
PubMed1987

Internal neurolysis or ligament division only in carpal tunnel syndrome. II. A 3 year follow-up with an evaluation of various neurophysiological parameters for diagnosis.

48 patients with clinical and neurophysiological signs of carpal tunnel syndrome were randomized to any of two operative methods: Internal neurolysis of the median nerve with a microsurgical technique, or simple division of the carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum). After a minimum follow-up period of 3 years 81% of the patients did not report any complaints at all, and all patients considered themselves improved after operation. There was no difference between the operation groups. Therefore there seems to be no justification to perform the more difficult procedure of internal microsurgical neurolysis for treatment of the carpal tunnel syndrome. A study of the neurophysiological parameters before and after restitution showed the highest sensitivity (91%) for the sensory conduction velocity, and the highest specificity for motor distal latency and sensory distal latency (83 and 75% resp.).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

CKBB-enzyme activity in serum in neonates born after vaginal delivery and cesarean section.

Creatine kinaseBB has been analysed in blood from the umbilical cord and from venous blood within 24 hours after birth in infants without any signs of perinatal asphyxia. S-CKBB activity was found to be much higher than in adults and older children. 25% of the children born after normal vaginal delivery showed very high S-CKBB activities, higher than any of the children born by elective cesarean section. There were, however, no signs of neurological disturbances to be found in any of these children with high neonatal CKBB activities at follow-up after four years.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1986

CSF brain creatine kinase levels and lactic acidosis in severe head injury.

The posttraumatic creatine kinase-BB isoenzyme (CKBB) activity and lactate concentration in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been studied in 29 patients with severe head injuries. The CKBB activity reaches its maximum a few hours after trauma, and has a monoexponential drop with a half-time of approximately 10 hours. Ventricular CSF lactate concentration continues to rise in patients with a poor outcome, and decreases only slowly and inconsistently in most of the other patients. Thus, increase of lactate in the ventricular CSF is not, like CKBB, a direct one-stage consequence of the trauma but is due to continuous production from a derangement of metabolism caused by the trauma. Since even higher ventricular CSF lactate levels can be survived when not caused by head injury, and since no significant pH changes were related to the ventricular CSF lactic acidosis in these artificially ventilated patients, it is concluded that ventricular CSF lactic acidosis is indicative of a severe, although not necessarily intractable, disturbance of brain function associated with intracellular lactate production and acidosis.

Acidosis, Lactic↗
PubMed1985

Creatine kinaseBB-activity after head trauma related to outcome.

The brain-type isoenzyme of creatine kinase was determined in serum (S) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 37 patients with severe head injury, and a correlation was made with the Glasgow coma score and Glasgow outcome score. All patients with normal S-CKBB and CSF-CKBB activities had a coma score of 15, i.e., no neurological deficits, at six hours after the trauma and a good outcome. All 15 patients with a significant increase in the enzyme in serum and CSF had a coma score less than 15. The outcome was still good for five of these patients, while six were moderately disabled, two were severely disabled, and two died. There was no correlation between the individual CKBB-values and the outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Internal neurolysis or ligament division only in carpal tunnel syndrome--results of a randomized study.

In a series of patients with clinically and neurophysiologically well defined carpal tunnel syndrome a randomization has been made into two groups, one for operation with internal neurolysis and a microscopical technique, and the other group for cutting of the carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum) alone. The two groups have been compared postoperatively regarding clinical and neurophysiological parameters. All patients improved, 89% in both groups considered themselves totally free of symptoms at follow-up examinations but there was no significant difference in any parameter between the two groups. As a conclusion the use of internal neurolysis cannot be recommended as a routine procedure in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

CKBB-isoenzymes as a sign of cerebral injury.

CKBB-isoenzymes in serum and CSF have been shown to be raised in patients after head injury with objective signs of damaged brain tissues (contusio cerebri), but not in the absence of these signs (commotio cerebri).

Brain Concussion↗
PubMed1977

Serum activities of hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD) and the isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) as an index of traumatic brain injury.

The lactate dehydrogenase (LD), the hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), and the LD isoenzyme activities in serum were followed in the posttraumatic period in 113 patients with cranio-cerebral injury, 70 of whom had verified brain contusion--laceration. In patients with brain contusion the HBD activity, known to be exerted mainly by the anodal LD isoenzyme fractions dominating in brain tissue, was significantly raised in 91% of the blood samples taken within four hours, and in 92% of the samples taken between 12 and 24 hours after trauma, while it was within normal limits in all the samples taken within four hours in patients with brain concussion, and increased in only 17% of the concussion patients 12-24 hours after trauma. The LD1 and the LD1+2 activities were of less diagnostic importance in blood samples taken during the first 24 hours. However, after 24 hours the LD1 activity was as informative as the HBD activity. The LD1 activity was normal in all concussion patients from the third day after trauma, while 78% of the contusion patients still showed raised LD1 activity then. The determination of HBD activity in serum in the immediate post-traumatic period is recommended as an appropriate method for screening parenchymatous brain injury. A complete LD isoenzyme separation may later add some further information in doubtful cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Lactate dehydrogenase (LD), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), and LD-isoenzymes in brain tissue.

The total activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), and the LD isoenzyme distribution were determined in tissue samples taken in vivo from different parts of the rabbit brain, and in cortical grey, subcortical white, and cerebellar tissue from man. The total LD and HBD activities were found to be higher in the brain stem than in the cerebral hemisphere, basal ganglia, and cerebellum of the rabbit brain. The isoenzyme distribution in the brain stem and the cerebellum showed an anodal shift, i.e., significantly higher activities of LD1 compared with the cerebral hemisphere and the basal ganglia. In man the total LD activity was found to be lower in white than in grey matter, although the isoenzyme patterns did not differ. The implications of these findings in relation to the LD isoenzyme pattern in serum after traumatic brain injury are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns in patients with tumours of the central nervous system.?

The total activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and the LD isoenzyme distribution were determined on homogenates from 61 benign and malignant intracranial tumours, and in serum and cerebrospinal fluid from 45 and 28 of the tumour patients respectively. The LD activity and the LD isoenzyme distribution in serum were not changed in patients with intracranial tumours. The LD activity in the cerebrospinal fluid was raised in about 50% of the tumour patients, but without any significant differences between patients with benign and malignant tumours. Except for very low activities in acoustic schwannomas and in pituitary adenomas, the tumour tissue did not differ significantly from normal brain in total LD activity. The LD isoenzyme distribution showed a pronounced cathodal shift in the grade 3-4 astrocytomas and the metastatic carcinomas, but an anodal shift in the grade 1-2 astrocytomas and the oligodendrogliomas. The meningiomas and the ocoustic schwannomas showed a midzone isoenzyme pattern with a dominant LD3 fraction. Knowledge of the LD isoenyme distribution can thus sometimes be a complement to the histological examination in the classification of brain tumours.

Adenoma↗