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Biomedical subjects

L Singer

Publications and source records attributed to L Singer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The effect of vitamin A deficiency and fluoride on glycosaminoglycan metabolism in bone.

The effects of fluoride intake and vitamin A deficiency on glycosaminoglycan metabolism in vivo were investigated. Weanling female rats were fed either a vitamin A deficient diet ad libitum, a vitamin A supplemented diet pair-fed to the deficient animals, or the vitamin A supplemented diet ad libitum. Additionally, each vitamin A dietary group was divided into three subgroups with the animals receiving water containing 0, 10 or 50 ppm fluoride. The results showed that the groups receiving 10 and 50 ppm fluoride at all dietary levels of vitamin A had significantly higher in vivo 35SO4 incorporation in both the epiphyseal and diaphyseal regions of the bone than the animals receiving 0 ppm fluoride. The vitamin A deficient animals incorporated significantly less 35SO4 into glycosaminoglycans in the epiphyseal and diaphyseal regions of the bone compared to the pair-fed, vitamin A sufficient animals for all three fluoride receiving groups. There was no interaction between fluoride intake and dietary vitamin A levels on 35SO4 incorporation into glycosaminoglycans. Fluoride either increased sulfation or turnover of glycosaminoglycans.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Uptake and transfer of lithium in pregnancy and lactation in the mouse.

The uptake of lithium in pregnant and lactating mice as well as its transfer to their respective fetuses (18-day postcoitum) and nurslings (11- to 15-day postnatal) were quantified. Lithium carbonate in concentrations of 1 or 2 mg/ml given ad libitum in drinking water produced plasma levels in adults ranging from 0.46 to 1.7 meq/liter. In pregnancy, plasma lithium of the adult was twice that of the fetal plasma. However, there was no statistical difference in brain lithium content between adults and fetuses at the 1- or 2-mg dosage. A significant decrease in bone lithium content was found in fetuses as compared to adults at the 2-mg level. During lactation the plasma lithium of nurslings was one-fourth to one-sixth that of the mothers' plasma. Lithium content in brain and in bone of adults was significantly lower than those of nurslings at both drug concentrations. No apparent effects on adults, fetuses, or nurslings were noted in the short term.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Influence of systemic administrated beta-blockers on tear secretion.

The secretion of tears was evaluated by the Schirmer test in 96 patients and 66 controls. This article reports on the pharmacologic and not the immunologic effects of adrenergic beta-blockers on tear flow. The facilitation of lacrimal flow depends not only on the parasympathetic nerves but also on the beta adrenergic nerves. We found that the unselective adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, decreased the tear flow while, oxprenolol because of its intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, did not decrease significantly lacrimal secretion.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of anxiety with prazepam, 40 mg. A controlled study versus lorazepam].

Anxiolytic effects and tolerance of a four weeks treatment with prazepam (single dose of 40 mg in the evening) and with lorazepam (3 daily doses of 1.25 mg) are compared in a double blind study. Patients were treated by psychiatrists and were suffering from neurotic anxiety. Evaluation for therapeutic efficacy used a clinical global improvement scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. Evaluation for side effects used the side effects symptoms check list. Anxiolytic effects of prazepam and lorazepam are not significantly different. Tolerance of the two treatments is comparable. The side effects are essentially an undesirable sedative action.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of lactation and/or calcium deficiency on cyclic-AMP production and bone enzyme activities in rats: lack of effect of long-term fluoride administration.

The effect of 50 ppm F as sodium fluoride in the drinking water for 15 weeks on bone, plasma, and urinary cAMP levels, and on bone alkaline and acid phosphatase activities have been investigated in rats stressed with calcium deficiency and/or lactation, as well as in normal rats. Lactation and calcium deficiency (0.1% calcium in diet) was found to cause an increase in urinary cAMP excretion but did not cause any significant alteration in plasma and bone cAMP levels. Bone alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were lower in lactating rats furnished the 1.0% calcium diet when compared to the nonlactating controls. Fluoride had no effect on all parameters studied.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of generalized anxiety].

It has been recently hypothesized that anxiety is heterogeneous. Generalized anxiety and panic disorders could be separate entities with specific treatments, as suggested by the fact that some clinical forms of anxiety can be distinguished by characteristic therapeutic responses. The generalized anxiety treatments include benzodiazepines, verbal psychotherapy and relaxation training; they are non mutually exclusive. Nevertheless, at the present time no rational criteria allow to select the best treatment for a particular patient.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1983

Laboratory investigation of the abnormal voice.

The patient with an abnormal voice has variously been investigated by laryngologists and speech pathologists, the diagnosis being based on visualization of the larynx and the sound of the voice. With the advent of phoniatric surgery, for example augmentation of the vocal cord and recurrent nerve section for spastic dysphonia, more objective means of quantifying abnormalities and results became pressing. Investigation of dysphonia where obvious lesions of the vocal cords were absent required further laboratory methods. The advent of microprocessors and fiberoptic endoscopy allows research methods to be applied clinically with better ability to diagnose and document patients with voice disorders. This paper outlines the experience of a voice laboratory and tries to assess the relevance of laboratory tests to clinical practice.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1982

[Open study of bromapezan in ambulatory and psychiatric hospital patients (author's transl)].

Psychiatrists working in hospital and in private practice took part in co-operative trial aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and safety of bromazepam. The study was of the open type and involved 10 hospital patients and 20 ambulatory patients. The same protocole was followed for each patient. Twenty-five patients (including 5 in hospital) had anxiety neurosis; the remaining 5 had anxiety following weaning from alcohol. The anxiolytic effects of the drug, determined by means of Hamilton's anxiety scale and overall clinical judgement, were generally found to be satisfactory. The effective doses ranged from 1 to 3 tablets per day in ambulatory patients and from 3 to 5 tablets per day in hospital patients. The main side-effects were related to unwanted sedation; they only occurred with the higher doses and rarely interfered with the beneficial effects of bromazepam.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A comparison of methods used in root canal sealability studies.

The purpose of the study was to compare several methods that have been used to assess marginal leakage of root canal fillings. Sixty-three extracted, single-rooted teeth were instrumented and filled in a standardized manner. Teeth were randomly divided into groups of twenty and exposed to solutions containing methylene blue dye, calcium-45, carbon-14-labeled urea, and iodine-125-labeled albumin for 48 hours to compare the degree of leakage indicated by each technique. Methylene blue dye was found to penetrate farther up the canal than any of the isotope tracers. Carbon-14-labeled urea penetrated farther than the calcium-45- or iodine-125-labeled albumin. The mean volume of solution penetrating the teeth was exceedingly small (0.0011 ml) and probably unimportant physiologically.

Calcium Radioisotopes↗