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L T Sinor

Publications and source records attributed to L T Sinor.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

The evolution of pretransfusion testing: from agglutination to solid-phase red cell adherence tests.

Hospital transfusion services and blood centers still use manual hemagglutination tests for most of their serological procedures. Automation of hemagglutination reactions has proven to be difficult, primarily because hemagglutination lacks an objective endpoint which can be easily interpreted by inexpensive instruments. Alternatively, solid-phase red cell adherence assays for ABO cell and serum grouping, Rh typing, red cell and platelet antibody screening, red cell and platelet crossmatching, IgA deficiency screening, hepatitis B surface antigen, and HIV antibody screening have been developed. The performance of these assays compares favorably with current hemagglutination and enzyme immunoassay methods. All of these tests share a common objective endpoint of adherence or nonadherence of indicator red cells. This uniformity allows easy interpretation of results visually, spectrophotometrically, or by image analysis. The latter technique has the potential to revolutionize the reading and interpretation of all agglutination tests. Solid-phase red cell adherence tests in microplates are ideal for batch processing large numbers of specimens. However, adherence tests are not restricted to this format. Therefore, blood grouping dipsticks have been produced, which permit testing of individual blood samples even outside of the laboratory.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1988

Use of a solid phase red blood cell adherence method for pretransfusion platelet compatibility testing.

A solid phase red blood cell adherence method has been used for platelet antibody detection and crossmatching for refractory platelet recipients. Patient sera were first screened for HLA or platelet-specific antibodies, then crossmatched with potential apheresis platelet donors. The overall correlation of platelet crossmatch results with transfusion outcome was 97% in patients with no evidence of nonimmune platelet destruction. The solid phase red blood cell adherence method provided a feasible and effective alternative to HLA matching as a means of donor selection for refractory platelet recipients. The speed and simplicity of this method may allow most hospital laboratories to perform platelet antibody screening before routine platelet transfusions.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1987

The dot blot direct antiglobulin test.

The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is the most widely used serologic method to determine whether antibody or complement has bound to red blood cells in vivo. A solid phase DAT, based on the dot immunobinding technic, has been developed (DOT DAT). The solid phase was prepared by attaching anti-human IgG to nitrocellulose membranes. Patients' red blood cells were washed in saline and layered on top of the membranes. After 5 minutes the membranes were washed and the results were read. A positive reaction had a red dot of adherent cells on the membrane, whereas a negative membrane remained white. Good correlation was observed between the DOT DAT and the hemagglutination DAT after testing of 131 patient samples. The primary advantages of the DOT DAT were its stability, simplicity, and objective end point.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1986

Dipsticks for determining ABO blood groups.

Dipsticks for determining ABO blood groups were developed, based on the principles of dot immunobinding assays. Their sensitivity and specificity equalled those of conventional agglutination tests and they were simple, fast, stable, inexpensive, and easy to interpret. Since they used whole blood and did not require refrigeration or equipment, they should be useful for determining blood groups away from the hospital setting.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

Solid-phase techniques in blood transfusion serology.

For nearly a century, erythrocyte agglutination has persisted as the most widely used method for the demonstration of antigen-antibody reaction in immunohematology. So far, no other system has been developed which can match its simplicity, versatility, and general reliability. The major disadvantage of agglutination reactions is the lack of an objective endpoint, which has severely hindered attempts to automate routine pretransfusion tests. To overcome this problem, we have designed a series of solid-phase assays for ABO and Rh grouping, antibody screening, compatibility, and hepatitis tests. Each of these solid-phase assays shares a common endpoint of red cell adherence, which is easily interpreted visually or spectrophotometrically. Computer interface permits the automatic interpretation and recording of results. We believe this solid-phase system should finally bring the blood bank laboratory into the age of automation.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solid-phase ABO grouping and Rh typing.

A solid-phase adherence method (SPAM) for ABO grouping and Rh typing of red cells (RBCs) has been developed. Adherence reactions were read spectrophotometrically and interpreted by a computer. The SPAM had a 99.6 percent correlation with conventional microplate agglutination methods for ABO grouping and Rh typing. The increased sensitivity of the SPAM was demonstrated because it directly detected Du-positive RBCs and weak subgroups of A and B.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A solid-phase antiglobulin test.

A solid-phase antiglobulin test was developed as an alternative to hemagglutination for compatibility testing. The solid-phase endpoint of red cell adherence allowed results to be read visually or spectrophotometrically. This method was easier to perform than a hemagglutination antiglobulin test and had increased sensitivity without loss of specificity.

Antibody Specificity↗