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Biomedical subjects

L Walsh

Publications and source records attributed to L Walsh.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

An improved, rapid Northern protocol.

We report a simple, sensitive and rapid method for performing Northern blotting analysis which avoids the use of toxic chemicals such as formamide and glyoxal. This technique allows sensitive detection of various transcripts from total RNA samples varying from 10 microg to 2.5 microg. These samples were probed for GAPDH and VCAM mRNA message using this technique and show similar results as conventional Northern blotting methods. In addition, this protocol can be accomplished much faster than the traditional formamide/formaldehyde or glyoxal protocols. This protocol can be easily implemented by most laboratories using inexpensive and reagents less toxic than those commonly used for RNA analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Two groups of bacteriophages infecting Streptococcus thermophilus can be distinguished on the basis of mode of packaging and genetic determinants for major structural proteins.

A comparative study of 30 phages of Streptococcus thermophilus was performed based on DNA restriction profiles, DNA homology, structural proteins, packaging mechanisms, and host range data. All phages exhibited distinct DNA restriction profiles, with some phages displaying similarly sized restriction fragments. DNA homology was shown to be present among all 30 phages. The phages could be divided into two groups on the basis of their packaging mechanism as was derived from the appearance of submolar DNA fragments in restriction enzyme digests and the presence (cos-containing phages) or absence (pac-containing phages) of cohesive genomic extremities. Interestingly, the 19 identified cos-containing phages possessed two major structural proteins (32 and 26 kDa) in contrast to the remaining 11 pac-containing phages, which possessed three major structural proteins (41, 25, and 13 kDa). Southern hybridization demonstrated that all pac-containing phages tested contain homologs of the genes encoding the three major structural proteins of the pac-containing phage O1205, whereas all cos-containing phages tested exhibit homology to the gene specifying one of the structural components of the cos-containing phage phi 7201. Fifty-seven percent of the phages (both cos and pac containing) possessed the previously identified 2.2-kb EcoRI fragment of the temperate S. thermophilus phage Sfi18 (H. Brüssow, A. Probst, M. Frémont, and J. Sidoti, Virology 200:854-857, 1994). No obvious correlation was detected between grouping based on packaging mechanism and host range data obtained with 39 industrial S. thermophilus strains.

Genome, Viral↗
PubMed1996

Nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the short-term use of systemic antimicrobials (metronidazole or doxycycline) and locally delivered antimicrobials (metronidazole, chlorhexidine) in patients with advanced forms of periodontal disease could prevent the normally necessary access surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-four patients were randomly assigned with the use of a double-blind protocol. RESULTS: There was a 93% reduction in the need for periodontal surgery about individual teeth and an 81% reduction in the need for tooth extractions. Only 93 teeth of an initial total of 783 teeth actually needed surgery or extractions. Eighty-one percent of the patients entered into the maintenance phase of treatment without needing surgical treatments. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that a treatment paradigm based on the diagnosis and treatment of anaerobic infections is likely to be successful in those patients for whom access surgery is recommended.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

The effect of tissue decalcification on mRNA retention within bone for in-situ hybridization studies.

Tissue decalcification is a routine part of the preparation of bone tissue for histological studies. Although in-situ hybridization has been employed to localize mRNA of collagenous and non-collagenous bone related proteins in skeletal tissue, little is known regarding the effects of decalcifying agents on mRNA retention within tissue. In this study in-situ hybridization using an oligonucleotide probe (i.e. a poly d(T) probe) to detect total messenger RNA has been employed to investigate the effects of the decalcifying agents nitric acid, formic acid and EDTA on mRNA retention compared to undeacalcified tissue. The results show that formalin fixation and EDTA decalcification preserve substantial amounts of mRNA within the tissue. In particular, this study illustrates that it is possible to perform in-situ hybridization on formalin fixed decalcified paraffin embedded tissue.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1991

A systemic health care quality service program.

This article describes a systemic quality service program implemented in a community hospital as an initial component of a total quality approach. The program interventions are based on consumer research and principles that have been effective in producing organizational change and enhancing worker performance. The description of the program is organized around six change and performance-enhancement principles: (1) establishing the importance of the performance, (2) specifying the expected performance, (3) ensuring the ability to carry out the performance, (4) accurately measuring the performance, (5) providing consequences, and (6) addressing systemic blocks to effective performance. Evaluative data are presented, indicating enhanced performance in the critical areas of documented resolutions to problems and reduced response time to problems.

Employee Performance Appraisal↗
PubMed1983

The incidence of B cell leukaemia and lymphopenia in B cell neoplasia in adults: a study using the Kiel classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The incidence of B cell leukaemia in 186 consecutive untreated patients with histologically defined B cell neoplasms is described. The lymphomas were classified by the Kiel convention. B cell leukaemia in the context of this paper refers to the situation where a neoplastic clone of B cells in the blood greatly outnumbers normal blood B cells. It is defined as an absolute blood B cell count greater than 0.75 X 10(9)1(-1) where either greater than 90% B cells express kappa immunoglobulin light chains or greater than 80% express lambda light chains. This was found in several patients where the total blood lymphocyte count was within normal limits. All patients with diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma with the histological appearances of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (ML-BCLL) were found to have B cell leukaemia. However, more than half these patients had blood B cell counts less than 10 X 10(9)1(-1). B cell leukaemia was also a feature in approximately 33% of patients with follicle centre cell tumours and 33% of those with lymphoplasmacytoid tumours. B cell leukaemia was not detected in 34/35 patients with myelomatosis. The 35th patient had plasma cell leukaemia. Only 3/22 patients with high grade lymphoma had B cell leukaemia. In the three principal tumour types associated with B cell leukaemia mu + delta was the most common immunoglobulin heavy chain phenotype. Spontaneous mouse red cell rosette formation also characterised leukaemic B cells in these three groups but high proportions of mouse rosetting cells were seen only in association with ML-BCLL. None of 4 cases of prolymphocytic leukaemia showed mouse red cell rosetting. HLA-DR alpha chain was found on the leukaemic cells of all patients except one with ML-BCLL. B cell lymphopenia was a frequent finding in all histological groups in those patients who did not have B cell leukaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Indium-111-labeled human platelets: improved method, efficacy, and evaluation.

An improved method for labeling human platelets with In-111 oxine is described. The method used modified Tyrode's solution (MTS) as a labeling medium and allowed 86 +/- 7% incorporation of In-111 into platelets, which upon stimulation with ADP aggregated 66 +/- 15% of control platelets. This compared favorably with the 5% radioactivity uptake in plasma and the 36 and 55% aggregability of platelets labeled in saline and citrated saline, respectively. The influence of parameters affecting the platelet aggregability were examined. The studies revealed that excess of oxine (50 microgram oxine/1.6 x 10(9) platelets in 1 ml MTS), and centrifugation at greater than 1000 g, reduced platelet aggregability. Excess of oxine also caused a dose-dependent release of In-111 from platelets labeled either in MTS or in plasma, but 4 millimol EDTA did not. Release of In-111 upon aggregation of platelets labeled in either medium was negligible.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1980

Sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis.

Seventy-four patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated with sulphasalazine. There was a significant improvement in clinical score, with substantial falls in serum C-reactive protein concentrations and erythrocyte sedimentation rate four weeks after starting the drug. Improvement was maintained in the 38 patients who remained on the drug for one year. The mean Rose-Waaler titre did not change. There was little difference between the results in seropositive and seronegative patients. The commonest adverse effect was dyspepsia, but five patients developed a megaloblastic anaemia and one patient neutropenia; all made a complete recovery. The results suggest that the drug has a disease-modifying action not attributable to its "salicylate" content. The mode of action might be by an antibacterial effect on gut flora.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Photocontrol of Anthocyanin Synthesis: VII. Factors Affecting the Spectral Sensitivity of Anthocyanin Synthesis in Young Seedlings.

Light-dependent anthocyanin synthesis is a typical high irradiance response (HIR) of plant photomorphogenesis. The spectral sensitivity of this response in young seedlings of cabbage and tomato is strongly affected by the length and mode of application of the light treatments. This observation suggests that the different experimental conditions, used in different action spectroscopy studies, might have been responsible, at least in part, for some of the reported differences in the characteristics of the HIR action spectra of different response-system combinations. In both cabbage and tomato, the values of the far red/blue, far red/red, and blue/red action ratios increase with increasing durations of the light treatments; this finding is in agreement with hypotheses of K. M. Hartmann (1966, 1967) and E. Schäfer (1975) for phytochrome action in the HIR. The similarity in the trend of change of the values of the action ratios suggests the possibility that the photomorphogenic pigment system, involved in the photoregulation of anthocyanin synthesis, may be the same in cabbage and tomato, even though there are some differences in the spectral sensitivity of the response between the two species.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum C-reactive protein in rheumatoid arthritis.

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were compared in 241 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There was a positive linear correlation between the 2 measurements with a high degree of variability. Neither age nor duration of RA had a detectable influence. The relationship between CRP and ESR was, however, altered by treatment with gold, penicillamine, or high doses of prednisone. It is suggested that serum CRP is the more sensitive measurement, but that CRP and ESR do not have identical clinical significance.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1978

Salazopyrin in rheumatoid arthritis.

After a 12-week preliminary period of observation 32 patients with consistently active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were treated for up to 22 weeks with salazopyrin. Seven patients could not tolerate the drug. The remaining 25 patients had a marked improvement in subjective clinical state and significant falls in serum C-reactive protein and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate 6 weeks after treatment began. The improvement was maintained after 22 weeks. The results strongly suggest that further trials with this drug in RA are needed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗