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Biomedical subjects

Lei Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Lei Jiang.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Dysregulation of retinoid transporters expression in body fluids of schizophrenia patients.

This study aims to find the biomarkers or associated proteins in body fluids of schizophrenia patients so that we can further understand the etiology of schizophrenia. We applied proteomic technologies combining two-dimensional electrophoresis with Coomassie blue staining and mass spectrometry and identified a procedure for the clinical screening of disease-influenced body fluid proteins in two sets of samples, plasma from 19 schizophrenia patients and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 35 drug-treated schizophrenic patients and 36 healthy controls. The expression of transthyretin (TTR) tetramer increased significantly in plasma of schizophrenic patients after a valid 2 months in-hospital antipsychotic treatment. Conversely, the expression of the TTR tetramer and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) was down-regulated by up to 1.68 and 3.62 times, respectively, in the CSF of schizophrenia patients compared to that of normal controls, which has not been reported previously. Considering that the TTR tetramer and ApoE are both retinoid transporters, retinoid dysfunction might be involved in the pathology of schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Applied radioactivity in radiation synovectomy with [188Re]rhenium sulfide suspension.

BACKGROUND: Early experience demonstrated absorbed dose in radiation synovectomy is about 100 Gy. For reaching this dose, the applied radioactivity should be calculated. METHOD: Twenty-nine synovitic models of rabbit were treated by intra-articular injection of [(188)Re]rhenium sulfide and histological changes of synovium and cartilage were examined. The applied radioactivity was calculated by method of absorbed dose factor. In clinical, eleven haemophilic patients with haemarthrosis were performed radiation synovectomy with treated [(188)Re]rhenium sulfide. The synovial thickness was evaluated by MR and its value was used to calculate the applied radioactivity. After radiation synovectomy, all patients were followed up by synovial thickness, regional inflammation, and clinical course including bleeding frequency. RESULTS: In rabbit models, the synovitic membrane can be eliminated by calculated radioactivity as planed without damaging the joint cartilage. In patients study, all patients exhibited significant reductions in synovial thickness and inflammation after radiation synovectomy with the planed radioactivities of [(188)Re]rhenium sulfide. Post-procedure bleeding frequency reduction in excellent and good reached to 63.6% by 18 months. In the cases of joint bleeding, the need for antihaemophilic factor treatment decreased immensely. Most of the recurrent episodes of bleeding were mild, subsiding with local means. CONCLUSION: The applied radioactivity in radiation synovectomy could be calculated according to thickness of inflamed synovium. Further study including comparison therapeutic results from calculated individual activities with results from fixed activities and long-term follow-up is warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Conductive super-hydrophobic surfaces of polyaniline modified porous anodic alumina membranes.

A conductive polymer polyaniline (PANI) was employed to achieve surfaces of both super-hydrophobic and conductive on NaOH etched porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes. The surfaces exhibit micro- and nanostructures. In the PANI modified PAA membrane, PANI is mainly emeraldine. After the membrane was immersed in HCl, the content of the protonated nitrogen increased, which increased the conductivity.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed2006

High-yield self-assembly of flower-like ZnO nanostructures.

High-yield three-dimensional (3D) flower-like nanostructures self-assembled from 1 D ZnO nanorods and nanotubes are experimentally demonstrated. The Zn and O terminated crystal planes of ZnO nanorods results in positively and negatively charged top (001) and bottom (00-1) surfaces, respectively. The nanorods self-assembled into 3D nanostructures via the electrostatic interaction between the crystal planes with opposite charges. Moreover, on the basis of the different stability of polar and nonpolar planes in wurtzite-type ZnO, the nanorods based 3D nanostructures transformed into nanotubes based ones spontaneously. This provides a new approach to prepare multi-dimensional materials without the necessity to employ any external intervention.

Crystallization↗
PubMed2006

Mutation analysis of SCNN1B in a family with Liddle's syndrome.

Liddle's syndrome has been known as a disorder associated with abnormal sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule and transmitted as a rare autosomal dominant trait. It is caused by mutations in the SCNN1B or SCNN1C gene, which truncate the cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus of the beta and gamma subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). Genetic analysis of ENaC in a Chinese family with Liddle's syndrome revealed P616H of SCNN1B coaggregated with the phenotype, while this variant was not detected in 100 unrelated subjects. No mutation at gamma ENaC could be detected in all members of the family. P616H is located in the conserved proline-rich PY motif of the betaENaC. The PY motif can interact with the WW domain in Nedd4 and affect the activity of ENaC. Structural bioinformatics analysis confirmed that the functional interaction between Nedd4 and ENaC reduces in Liddle-ENaC (P616H) when compared with wild-type ENaC. In summary, P616H may be an underlying mechanism for the signs and symptoms of this family.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[siRNA-cyclin D1 inhibit cell proliferation in breast cancer MCF-7 cell line].

To study the inhibitory effect of siRNA on cyclin D1 expression and cell proliferation in breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. The siRNA targeting cyclin D1 was chemically synthesized and transfected into MCF-7 cells by oligofectamine. The expression of cyclin D1 was analyzed by quantitive PCR and Western blot, and the cell growth inhibition was measured with CCK-8 assay. Then, cell cycle of the transfected cells was examined by flow cytometry, and cell colony forming ability was measured by soft-agar colony formation assay. After MCF-7 cells were transfected with 10, 50, 100nmol/L siRNA,the expression of cyclin D1 mRNA was respectively suppressed with inhibition rates of 57.85%, 63.22% and 68.02%, and the protein expression was suppressed with inhibition rates of 51.13%, 62.09% and 77.68% respectively. The proliferation of MCF-7 cells was inhibited after transfection with siRNA-cyclin D1, which caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and showed less colony forming ability in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. These results indicate that siRNA-cyclin D1 could be a powerful anti-proliferative tool in breast cancer gene therapy.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed2006

[Leprechaunism: an inherited insulin resistance syndrome caused by the defect of insulin receptor].

OBJECTIVE: Leprechaunism is an inherited insulin resistance syndrome, caused by homozygous or compound-heterozygous mutations in the insulin receptor gene (INSR). Clinical and molecular genetic research was carried out in one 17-year old girl with leprechaunism and her family members. METHODS: History and laboratory tests were routinely taken. DNA samples were obtained from the proband and 4 of the family members. PCR was done on all exons of INSR and the products of PCR were sequenced directly. RESULTS: The proband had the following features: apparent cessation of growth, elfin-like face, emaciation, hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans. She had hyperglycemia (fasting blood glucose 15.8 mmol/L; glycosylated forms of hemoglobin 12%) and it was resistant to the treatment of insulin. She was found to have W659R mutation at 9 exon and V1054M mutation at 17 exon of INSR as heterozygotes. This compound mutation is a newly found type. For her father there was only V1054M mutation and her mother only W659R mutation. No mutation was identified in her sister. CONCLUSION: The patient was diagnosed as leprechaunism according to her clinical presentations and biochemical examinations. The new transition mutation W659R at 9 exon and V1054M at 17 exon in INSR is the pathologic cause in this patient with leprechaunism.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2005

Self-assembly of amino-functionalized monolayers on silicon surfaces and preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces based on alkanoic acid dual layers and surface roughening.

Reproducibly smooth amino-functionalized surfaces were obtained by deposition of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) at the vapor/solid interface. Characteristics of these amino-functionalized surfaces were evaluated based on atomic force microscopy, water contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that APTMS modified surfaces are very homogeneous and the chemical reactivity of modified surfaces can be ensured with high free amino content. Furthermore, for the purpose of tailoring the wettability of silicon surface, dual self-assembled films were achieved by performing reaction between amino-functionalized surface and n-alkanoic acids with different chain length. The wettability of the self-assembled films can be adjusted with altering the hydrocarbon chain length of alkanoic acids. Moreover, cooperation of dual self-assembled films with surface roughening, superhydrophobic surfaces with CA larger than 153 degrees were obtained. Thus, the wettability of modified surfaces can be altered greatly with changing hydrocarbon chain length of self-assembled films.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Enhanced immunogenicity of microencapsulated multiepitope DNA vaccine encoding T and B cell epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus in mice.

The role of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid, PLGA) microparticles on enhancing immune responses of multiepitope DNA vaccines was investigated in vitro and in vivo. pcDNA-SG encoding T and B cell epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was encapsulated into PLGA microparticles. PLGA microparticles could protect themselves from nuclease degradation in vitro. PLGA-pcDNA-SG microparticles could be uptaken by cells and expressed His-tagged SG immunogen in vitro and in vivo. A prolonged expression and presentation of SG immunogen were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy in the lymphocytes from the mice incubated with PLGA-pcDNA-SG microparticles, compared with the mice immunized with naked pcDNA-SG. PLGA-pcDNA-SG microparticles displayed a significant stronger immunogenicity than naked DNA vaccines with a higher titer of virus-specific antibody, elevated IFN-gamma production and enhanced lymphocyte proliferation. PLGA-DNA microparticle could elicit augmented humoral and cellular responses with reduced amounts and times of immunization.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Novel carboxylated oligothiophenes as sensitizers in photoelectric conversion systems.

Novel carboxylated oligothiophenes with different thiophene units were designed and synthesized as photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for efficient opto-electric materials. The introduction of -COOH into thiophene molecules can lead to a red shift of UV-visible absorption, increase light-harvesting efficiency, and enhance photoinduced charge transport by forming efficient covalent bonds to the substrate surface. A red shift of the absorption spectrum of oligothiophene is also achieved by the increase in the number of thiophene units. The DSSCs based on the oligomers have excellent photovoltaic performances. Under 100 mW cm(-2) irradiation a short-circuit current of 10.57 mA cm(-2) and an overall energy conversion efficiency of 3.36 % is achieved when pentathiophene dicarboxylated acid was used as a sensitizer. The incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) has a maximum as high as 80 %. In addition, photovoltage and photocurrent transients show that slow charge recombination in DSSCs is important for efficient charge separation and excellent photoelectric conversion properties of the oligomers. These initial and promising results suggest that carboxylated oligothiophenes are efficient photosensitizers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Augmented humoral and cellular immune responses to hepatitis B DNA vaccine adsorbed onto cationic microparticles.

Plasmid expressing HBV small envelope antigen was formulated with poly(lactide-co-glycolide-acid) (PLGA) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to generate highly uniform microparticles. Controlled release of DNA from these microparticles was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy with the focus on localization and quantitatively evaluation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) involved in the expression of target antigen. Compared to mice vaccinated with naked DNA, mice immunized with PLGA-CTAB-DNA microparticles displayed a much higher percentage of CD11c+, HBsAg-expressing APCs in the draining lymph nodes at 24 h and day 14 postinoculation. In addition, a prolonged transcription of plasmid DNA was detected by RT-PCR in mice immunized with the microparticles. A significantly enhanced immunogenicity of PLGA-CTAB-DNA over naked DNA was observed in immunized mice, including higher levels of antibody production, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. Mice immunized with PLGA-CTAB-DNA microparticles also showed greater efficacy of immunoprotection against challenge of transplanted HBsAg-expressing tumor cells. Our data suggest that controlled release of the PLGA-CTAB-DNA microparticles might involve in the mechanisms of its augmented immunogenicity and enhanced immunoprotection.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2005

Photochemical-controlled switching based on azobenzene monolayer modified silicon (111) surface.

Azobenzene-containing compounds were covalently attached onto Si(111) surfaces via Si-O linkages using a two-step procedure. The modified Si(111) surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy measurements. The monolayer surface showed preferably chemical stability. Switchable photoisomerizability of azobenzene molecules on these modified surfaces was observed in response to alternating UV and visible light exposure. The measured conductivity showed distinct difference with trans and cis forms of azobenzene compounds on as-modified Si(111) surfaces.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Mini-electrochemical detector for microchip electrophoresis.

This paper presents the development of a mini-electrochemical detector for microchip electrophoresis. The small size (3.6 x 5.0 cm2, W x L) of the detector is compatible with the dimension of the microchip. The use of universal serial bus (USB) ports facilitates installation and use of the detector, miniaturizes the detector, and makes it ideal for lab-on-a-chip applications. A fixed 10 M ohm feedback resistance was chosen to convert current of the working electrode to voltage with second gain of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 for small signal detection instead of adopting selectable feedback resistance. Special attention has been paid to the power support circuitry and printed circuit board (PCB) design in order to obtain good performance in such a miniature size. The working electrode potential could be varied over a range of +/-2.5 V with a resolution of 0.01 mV. The detection current ranges from -0.3 x 10(-7) A to 2.5 x 10(-7) A and the noise is lower than 1 pA. The analytical performance of the new system was demonstrated by the detection of epinephrine using an integrated PDMS/glass microchip with detection limit of 2.1 microM (S/N = 3).

Computers↗
PubMed2005

Non-fusion expression in Escherichia coli: Single-step purification of recombinant human annexin A5 for detection of apoptosis.

Recombinant human annexin A5 (rh-annexin A5) was originally used to detect early stages of apoptosis in vitro. With the development of radioactive labeling and imaging techniques, annexin A5 labeled with radioactive markers can play a more important role in monitoring apoptotic cells in vivo. To obtain highly pure rh-annexin A5 with an easy and inexpensive purification approach, we constructed a pJLA503-annexin A5 expression plasmid, which could overexpress human annexin A5 in a soluble form in Escherichia coli. Then a novel purification method based on Ca2+-dependent phosphatidylserine (PS)-binding activity was established, whereby the purity of rh-annexin A5 was increased to 98%. To confirm the PS affinity of rh-annexin A5 produced by this purification protocol, a simple and reliable lipid membrane model was prepared and used in the binding test. As a probe to detect apoptosis, the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled rh-annexin A5 was incubated with apoptotic cells. The results showed that the labeled rh-annexin A5 possessed high affinity for PS molecule and was able to indicate different apoptotic states.

Annexin A5↗