Italian memoirs of Aldo Castellani.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Binazzi.
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One hundred sixteen patients with granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica were studied. The relationship of these two disorders with diabetes mellitus suggests that atypical granuloma annulare could be linked to necrobiosis lipoidica, toward which it progresses.
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Two kinds of secretions, both merocrine and apocrine, have been detected in the serous adenomeres of the human olfactory glands. While the low-density vesicles secrete their products into the glandular lumen by a merocrine way (exocytosis), the electron-dense granules are produced by an apocrine mechanism.
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The degree of cellular immunity was found to be reduced in about 23% of 56 psoriatics, especially so in those with flexural and arthropathic lesions. Humoral immunity was only slightly reduced. Lysozyme activity levels in serum were normal, while those of healthy skin were depressed in 6 patients.
Lysozyme activity was significantly reduced in the skin of patients with clinical diabetes, but not in the skin of other diabetics or in serum of all these patients. Sex and age had no influence on serum or skin lysozyme activity in either nondiabetic or diabetic subjects. The reduction of cutaneous lysozyme activity is suggested as a factor for the seriousness and the relapses of cutaneous infections in subjects with clinical diabetes.
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Thirty-five cases of benign parapsoriasis en plaques, 24 cases of prereticulotic poikiloderma (3 of which were in evolution towards polymorphous lymphomas), 15 cases of lymphoma and 10 cases of other various skin proliferative disorders were studied. For various reasons the first two conditions are preferably indicated as type 1 and type 2 parapsoriasis. Attention is drawn to the possibility of finding a dermal fibro-histiocytary proliferative condition, more often in type 2 parapsoriasis than in type 1. Dysprotidemia, signs of a reactive bone marrow condition, and changes of the tryptophan leads to niacin pathway, as signs of various degrees of damage of connective tissue, were found in type 2 parapsoriasis and lymphomas.
A controlled non-blind multicenter trial was conducted in 211 acne patients to test the activity of topical retinoic acid against sulfur-resorcinol--salicylic acid and placebo. Uniform evaluation criteria were used. After 8 weeks' treatment in comparable groups of patients, retinoic acid proved to be superior to the standard and to the placebo. The difference was statistically significant. Side effects were present in a number of patients treated with the active substances and with the placebo (mainly erythema), but rarely was the treatment discontinued.
In a group of 200 psoriatic patients from the area of Umbria, Italy, diabetes mellitus occurred in a statistically highly significant association with psoriasis. Similar observations were made earlier in a series of 600 patients. The above correlation also occurred significantly more frequently in patients under 50 years and in male patients. Previous and present experience also demonstrate that psoriasis is statistically correlated with heredity for diabetes and obesity. The possible biological basis of psoriasis/diabetes association are tentatively outlined.
In a number of skin disturbances conditioned or aggravated by sunlight and/or mainly diffused to the cutaneous connective tissue (present acquired pellagra, lupus erythematosus, porphyria cutanea tarda, actinic reticuloid, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, lymphocytoma cutis, scleroderma, dermatomyositis, burns, linphomas, parapsoriasis, acrodermatitis enteropathica) excretive changes were found only in the "via kynurenine" metabolites. As a rule kynureniase activity was reduced and tryptophan-pyrrolase activity was increased. In the epidermis tryptophan leads to niacin pathway was found to be present and sometimes autonomous.
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