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M Collard

Publications and source records attributed to M Collard.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Renal duality, hypotheses concerning the release mechanism of a compensating hyperfunction.

In this study, after having formed the hypothesis of the existence of a "Compensating Center" (cerebral?) that orders the increase in the function of one kidney in case of deterioration of its congener, we propose two mechanisms that may lead to the activation of this Center. The first may be the difference between the sum of the existing functions of the two kidneys and the total normal function; the second, the difference between the arithmetic or quadratic averages of the existing total functions and the arithmetic or quadratic (identical at this time) normal average.

Glomerular Filtration Rate↗
PubMed1988

[Biochemical analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis: study of various formulas].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is often characterized by a intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins (Ig) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which may be evaluated in several ways: ratio methods (IgG index, Schuller's or Tourtelotte's formulae) or demonstration of an oligoclonal distribution, or both. In a retrospective study, 256 CSF analyses were evaluated. The 4 parameters studied were disturbed in about the same proportions in each of the 3 MS subgroups of Mac Alpine's classification. An oligoclonal distribution is more rarely present in pathologies other than MS. None of these tests is specific for the diagnosis of MS. Haptoglobin index variations do not distinguish between the different groups of patients. From a physiopathological point of view, however, they may perhaps reveal an acute local inflammatory reaction, different from the immune reaction giving rise to the Ig synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Electro-oculographic study of reading in hemianopic patients].

Recordings of ocular movements during reading in hemianopic patients showed an increase in global reading time related mainly to the increase in number of movements of progression and regression in left hemianopsia and to the time to return to the line in right hemianopsia. Comparison of these changes with those noted in the same patients during recordings of elementary ocular movements and reading simulation suggests that they are not only of a linguistic and/or cognitive type but that they may also be related to altered sensorial data such as size of words or place of spaces between words.

Electrooculography↗
PubMed1987

Multiple sclerosis diagnosis: magnetic resonance imaging compared with other paraclinical examinations.

Examination by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), evoked potentials (EP) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyses was carried out on 97 definite, 20 probable and 40 possible multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (McAlpine's clinical criteria). MRI of only 4 transverse brain sections at the level of the ventricles and the analysis of the first 4 echoes showed periventricular or parenchymal lesions, or both, in 114 of the 117 definite and probable MS patients and in 25 of the possible MS patients. MRI was more sensitive than the CSF analyses or EP. The MRI abnormalities were not, however, MS-specific.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical localization of S100 protein in benign and malignant conditions of the breast.

A peroxidase--antiperoxidase technique for S100 protein has been applied to 122 breast lesions from 122 patients. These included 35 cases of fibrocystic disease, 16 cases of sclerosing adenosis, 24 cases of papilloma and papillomatosis, 43 intraduct carcinomas, and four intralobular carcinomas. In fibrocystic disease, S100 protein was demonstrable in large amounts in cells between the duct lining cells and the basement membrane of the ducts, being most pronounced in those exhibiting adenosis. Areas of epitheliosis showed scattered positive cells within the ducts with more strongly positive cells around these ducts. Apocrine metaplasia was moderately positive. No S100 protein was demonstrable in the epithelial lining cells of cysts or within the stroma. In sclerosing adenosis individual cells and groups of cells in the fibrous tissue were strongly positive. In papillomatosis and papilloma, the vascular core and epithelium failed to stain, but a discontinuous layer of cells between the epithelium and basement membrane was positive. In intraduct and intralobular carcinoma the tumor cells were uniformly negative, and wherever fibrocystic disease was also present, S100 protein was variably demonstrable. The study corroborated the view that fibrocystic disease and benign proliferative processes of the breast appear to contain cells that correspond to myoepithelial cells, and suggests that S100 protein may serve as a useful marker in the separation of benign proliferative breast lesions from in situ carcinoma.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[Cytotoxic antibodies in multiple sclerosis].

Serum cold cytotoxic activities against allocells: total lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and monocytes were detected in 12 of 21 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients at 15 degrees C using a microcytotoxicity technique. Cytotoxic activity was found at 37 degrees C in certain MS patients. This activity was weak or absent in non MS patients and in healthy controls. Tests with autocells were positive in 6 MS patients. Cerebrospinal fluid cytotoxic activity was found in MS as well as in non-MS diseases; at 37 degrees C CSF produced lysis of monocytes in the absence of complement. No correlation was found between cytotoxic activity and parameters of clinical disease. Our results suggest that there may be a wide variety of cytotoxic antibodies in MS. Their significance is unknown; it may be that they have an effect on certain lymphocyte subsets as it has been suggested in other diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Cystic dilatations of the bile ducts].

Clinical manifestations of cystic dilation of biliary tracts, a rare affection usually detected in young patients, are described and 2 recent cases reported. Surgical treatment is outlined as a function of morphology of cysts, with emphasis on the high risk of cancerization of biliary tracts, even after bypass operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Meningoradiculitis after a tick bite. Study of 31 cases].

A retrospective study covering a period of 20 years identified reports on 31 cases of meningoradiculitis of the Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth type (MRGBB). Clinical, biological, electromyographic characteristics and course of the disease were studied. The most recent cases (n = 8) in 1984 and 1985 had serological tests for Borrelia Burgdorferi and half of the cases had negative results. Conversely, in some patients with meningoradiculitis, even in the absence of a tick bite or of migrating chronic erythema, serology was positive for Borrelia Burgdorferi antigen. The efficacy of antibiotic therapy against pain and on the quality and time of functional recovery justifies the use of this therapy under these two circumstances.

Bites and Stings↗
PubMed1987

Multiple sclerosis diagnosis: magnetic resonance imaging compared with other instrumental examinations.

Examination by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), evoked potentials (EP) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyses was carried out on 97 definite, 20 probable and 40 possible multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (McAlpine's clinical criteria). MRI of only 4 transverse brain sections at the level of the ventricles and the analysis of the first 4 echoes showed periventricular or parenchymal lesions, or both, in 114 of the 117 definite and probable MS, and in 25 of the possible MS. MRI was more sensitive than the CSF analyses or EP; abnormalities more frequently appeared in known MS, and clinically asymptomatic lesions were seen. The MRI abnormalities were not, however, MS-specific; they were present in other neurological patients; none posed a question of differential diagnosis from MS. Complementary examinations, and especially MRI, should be a valuable adjunct for MS diagnosis, as long as the findings are viewed in the clinical context.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The use of specific cDNA probes to assay Sertoli cell functions.

The use of cDNA probes to measure the functional state of Sertoli cells in culture or in vivo offers a number of advantages, including sensitivity and cellular specificity. Experiments done with cultured Sertoli cells suggest that the transferrin mRNA levels are regulated by FSH, insulin, vitamin A, and testosterone. Questions relating to the specificity of the action of the hormones and vitamin A on the transferrin mRNA or on other mRNA will require the use of additional hybridization probes. It is clear that most agents which stimulate spermatogenesis also stimulate transferrin mRNA accumulation in cultured Sertoli cells. Testosterone, however, has only a small stimulatory effect on the cultured Sertoli cells. In the in vivo measurements we have completed thus far, the level of transferrin mRNA in the testis seems to correlate well with the spermatogenic condition of the testis. In immature rats, hypophysectomized rats, and vitamin A deficient rats, spermatogenesis is abbreviated and the levels of transferrin mRNA in the Sertoli cells are correspondingly low. If this correlation holds up under additional scrutiny, assays of the transferrin mRNA levels may be effective screens for the toxic or stimulatory activities of a variety of pharmaceuticals which could affect spermatogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Surgical versus medical treatment in renovascular hypertension. Retrospective study of 166 cases.

A retrospective study of 166 cases of renovascular hypertension was performed. Before 1979, 114 patients were treated for renovascular hypertension. Forty underwent surgery. In this group, therapy resulted in cure or improvement in 45% of the patients. Seventy-four patients underwent medical therapy: 88% of these patients had improvement of blood pressure when beta-blockers were used, but only 41% when they were not. More recently (from 1979 to 1983), 52 patients were treated for renovascular hypertension, of which 31 patients have been operated for fibromuscular renal artery stenosis (62%) or atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (32%). In this group, 90% of the patients were considered to be cured or improved with a mean follow-up of 36 months. Eighteen of thirty-one patients underwent autotransplantation with satisfactory results on blood pressure control. Twenty-one patients were treated by antihypertensive drugs: 86% of the patients were improved or cured (71.5% of the patients had atherosclerotic lesions) with a mean follow-up of 46.8 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical localization of S100 protein in skin tumors.

We applied a peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique for S100 protein to 73 tumors of skin and skin adnexa. These included 15 eccrine tumors, 11 apocrine tumors, 18 tumors with differentiation toward hair, two sebaceous adenomas, one mixed tumor of the scalp, ten dermatofibromas, ten basal cell carcinomas, five squamous cell carcinomas, and one clear cell acanthoma. Consistent results were obtained. Occasional cells in eccrine tumors showed strong positive staining, as did the Langerhans' cells in the squamous cell carcinomas and the clear cell acanthoma. The cells of the apocrine tumors showed moderate to weak staining, and the tumors with differentiation toward hair, the sebaceous adenomas, and the mixed tumor of the scalp showed uniform negative staining, as did basal cell carcinomas and dermatofibromas.

Humans↗