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M Dobos

Publications and source records attributed to M Dobos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Normal values of calcium and oxalate excretion in children].

Aim of the study was to establish normal values for calcium/creatinine (Ca/cr) and oxalate/creatinine (Ox/cr) ratio in infants and children. Urine probes of 416 healthy children (25 infants aged 1-7 days and 391 children aged 1 month-14.5 years) were analysed. Oxalate was measured by ion-chromatography. Urinary Ca2+/cr was normally distributed, Ox/cr had log-normal distribution. Ca/cr was the lowest in the first days of life, the highest between 7 month-1.5 years (mean +/- SD = 0.39 +/- 0.28 mmol/mmol), a slight decrease could be observed until 14 years (0.34 +/- 0.18). The highest Ox/cr values were measured during the first month of life (geometric mean/range/ = 133 /61-280 mmol/mmol/), followed by gradual decrease until 14 years (25/6-73/). The measurement of Ca2+/cr and Ox/cr in first morning urine samples is suitable for screening of hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria. The interpretation of the values requires age specific reference values. Both calcium and oxalate determinations should be the part of the evaluation of patients with hematuria, hypercalciuria or nephrolithiasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Genomic organization of lactic acid bacteria.

Current knowledge of the genomes of the lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus, and members of the genera Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus and Carnobacterium, is reviewed. The genomes contain a chromosome within the size range of 1.8 to 3.4 Mbp. Plasmids are common in Lactococcus lactis (most strains carry 4-7 different plasmids), some of the lactobacilli and pediococci, but they are not frequently present in S. thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus or the intestinal lactobacilli. Five IS elements have been found in L. lactis and most strains carry multiple copies of at least two of them; some strains also carry a 68-kbp conjugative transposon. IS elements have been found in the genera Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc, but not in S. thermophilus. Prophages are also a normal component of the L. lactis genome and lysogeny is common in the lactobacilli, however it appears to be rare in S. thermophilus. Physical and genetic maps for two L. lactis subsp. lactis strains, two L. lactis subsp. cremoris strains and S. thermophilus A054 have been constructed and each reveals the presence of six rrn operons clustered in less than 40% of the chromosome. The L. lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 map contains 115 genetic loci and the S. thermophilus map has 35. The maps indicate significant plasticity in the L. lactis subsp. cremoris chromosome in the form of a number of inversions and translocations. The cause(s) of these rearrangements is (are) not known. A number of potentially powerful genetic tools designed to analyse the L. lactis genome have been constructed in recent years. These tools enable gene inactivation, gene replacement and gene recovery experiments to be readily carried out with this organism, and potentially with other lactic acid bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. Integration vectors based on temperate phage attB sites and the random insertion of IS elements have also been developed for L. lactis and the intestinal lactobacilli. In addition, a L. lactis sex factor that mobilizes the chromosome in a manner reminiscent to that seen with Escherichia coli Hfr strains has been discovered and characterized. With the availability of this new technology, research into the genome of the lactic acid bacteria is poised to undertake a period of extremely rapid information accrual.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1995

[Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia].

Three children with non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia (NKH) is reported. Two patients had typical neonatal form of NKH, one patients had atypical form of NKH. The clinical symptoms laboratory findings and therapeutical approach are discussed. One of the patients with typical neonatal form of NKH is died, neuropatological examination revealed corpus callosal agenesis and diffuse hypomyelinisation. The two children treated with N-methyl-D-aspartate-antagonist drugs reached a significantly better clinical condition. The authors reviewed the data of the literature, especially focused on the therapeutical possibilities.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1995

Urinary calcium and oxalate excretion in children.

We have established normal values for calcium/creatinine (Ca/Cr) and oxalate/creatinine (Ox/Cr) ratios in 25 infants (aged 1-7 days) and 391 children (aged 1 month to 14.5 years) and compared these with values obtained in 137 children with post-glomerular haematuria and 27 with nephrolithiasis. Oxalate was measured by ion chromatography. Nomograms of Marshall and Robertson were used to calculate urine saturation to calcium oxalate. The Ca/Cr ratio was normally distributed whereas the Ox/Cr ratio had a log-normal distribution. The molar ratio of Ca/Cr was the lowest in the first days of life and the highest between 7 month and 1.5 years (mean +/- SD = 0.39 +/- 0.28 mmol/mmol). Following a slight decrease it stabilised by the age of 6 years (0.34 +/- 0.19 mmol/mmol). The highest Ox/Cr values were measured during the 1st month of life [geometric mean 133 (range 61-280) mumol/mmol], followed by a gradual decrease until 11 years of age [mean 24 (range 6-82) mumol/mmol]. Thirty-six haematuric children had hypercalciuria (26%), 23 had absorptive hypercalciuria, 13 renal type. Children with absorptive hypercalciuria on a calcium-restricted diet had significantly higher oxalate excretion than those with renal hypercalciuria and the control group [38 (range 28-49) vs. 22 (range 16-29) and 23 (range 22-27) mumol/mol respectively, P < 0.01]. Calcium oxalate urine saturation of stone patients was higher than that of patients with haematuria and the normal population (1.18 +/- 0.05 vs. 1.06 +/- 0.03, P < 0.03 and 0.84 +/- 0.03, P < 0.001 respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Genomic organization of Lactococci.

The genus Lactococcus contains four species of which L. lactis is the most thoroughly studied. Its genome is A+T-rich and consists of a circular chromosome of 2.0 to 2.7 Mbp, a wide range of plasmids, and frequently one or more prophages. Insertion sequence elements are commonly present in both the chromosome and the plasmids, while one conjugative transposon of 68 kbp has been described. Genetic maps of the chromosomes of a number of different L. lactis strains have been determined and found to differ quite significantly. For example, the maps of two L. lactis subsp. cremoris strains, MG1363 and FG2, have an inversion of approximately 40% of the chromosome when compared with the maps of two L. lactis subsp. lactis strains, DL11 and IL1403. Other differences indicative of smaller scale translocations and inversions are also found. Chromosomal rearrangements have also been induced in the laboratory by incubation of L. lactis cultures with infecting lytic phage and by treatment with mutagens. These results are indicative of a great deal of plasticity in the lactococcal genome.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1994

Red cell sodium-lithium countertransport and blood pressure in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Sodium-lithium countertransport and blood pressure responses, maximal elevated plasma norepinephrine concentrations induced by acute physical work load and the carbohydrate metabolic state were analyzed in 40 children suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Patients were selected according to the duration of the disease to get a horizontal insight into the progression of the diabetes. Sixteen healthy children served as controls. Sodium-lithium countertransport (Na-Li CT) was 281 +/- 64 mumol/l red blood cells (RBC) per hour in the control group. Na-Li CT was elevated in all diabetic groups (newly diagnosed: 455 +/- 48; diabetics for 5-7 years: 495 +/- 48; diabetics for 10-13 years: 470 +/- 36). Plasma norepinephrine concentration increased during physical exercise, the elevation was more pronounced in diabetic children being 13.5 +/- 10.4, 10.1 +/- 5.0 and 12.3 +/- 5.4 nmol/l in the three diabetic groups, respectively, which differed significantly from that of controls (7.94 +/- 2.9; P < 0.01). Systolic blood pressure increased significantly during physical exercise in each group. However, maximal elevated systolic blood pressure was higher in children who had diabetes for more than 10 years than in controls (158 +/- 11 vs. 137 +/- 9.7 mmHg; P < 0.001). Na-Li CT correlated positively with the maximal systolic blood pressure measured during physical exercise in those diabetic children who suffered from diabetes for more than 5 years. High activity of Na-Li CT in combination with elevated blood pressure and high plasma concentration of norepinephrine induced by acute physical exercise may represent a risk of renal/vascular complications in patients suffering from IDDM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Hydrochlorothiazide treatment of children with hypercalciuria: effects and side effects.

Urinary excretion of calcium and the changes in serum cholesterol fractions were investigated in 15 children with renal hypercalciuria, following 3-month hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) treatment (daily dose 1 mg/kg). Urinary calcium excretion (expressed as the ratio of calcium to creatinine) reached its lowest value after 2 weeks. It was still below the initial value at the end of the 3rd month of treatment (0.84 +/- 0.06, 0.29 +/- 0.03 and 0.6 +/- 0.09 mmol/mmol, respectively). A significant rise in the total serum cholesterol level (4.64 +/- 0.23 vs. 4.25 +/- 0.18 mmol/l before treatment, P < 0.01) and the low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol fraction (2.6 +/- 0.24 vs. 2.31 +/- 0.31 before treatment, P < 0.01) was observed at the end of the 3rd month, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was slightly decreased. A significant elevation of the LDL/HDL ratio was also observed (from 1.76 +/- 0.17 to 2.2 +/- 0.17, P < 0.001), indicating an increase in the atherogenic cholesterol fractions. The risks and benefits of the thiazide therapy should be considered before starting long-term treatment of children with hypercalciuria and haematuria or renal stone disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term follow up of children with orthostatic proteinuria].

The authors summarize their observations of 18 children with orthostatic proteinuria. The average time of follow-up was 4 and half years. They examined body measures and renal functions of the patients and compared their blood pressure, pulse rate, electrocardiographic curve, morphological and positional conditions of kidneys in lying and standing position, as well as change of quantity and quality of proteinuria (high, middle and low molecular weight) at day time and night both in proteinuric children with and without ptosis renis and in controls. The patients were taller than the average, but their body mass was small compared to their weight. Ptosis renis was found in 11 patients. Renal functions remained good. The authors detected changes only in quantity and quality of proteinuria during of long term follow-up, the other parameters remained normal or the change was like that of the controls. They propose, that these two parameters are of prognostic importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Reduced glomerular filtration and elevated urinary protein excretion in diabetic ketoacidosis.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured by two methods in 9 children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), directly by true creatinine clearance and indirectly by means of serum beta-2-microglobulin levels. We found significantly reduced GFR in the first hours of DKA. The rapid improvement in GFR after fluid and electrolyte replacement indicates that volume depletion is the major cause of low filtration rate. In spite of the reduced GFR we observed pronounced albuminuria and low molecular weight (LMW) proteinuria. We conclude that the pathological albuminuria and microalbuminuria in DKA are caused not by glomerular hyperfiltration but by tubular dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Rett's syndrome].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1987

Tubular proteinuria in IgA glomerulonephritis.

In the renal biopsy samples of some patients with IgA glomerulonephritis (IgA GN), tubulointerstitial changes and a significant correlation between these changes and the serum creatinine levels had been observed earlier. In order to get an insight into the function of the tubules, 45 patients with IgA GN have been examined for proteinuria with special reference to low molecular weight (LMW) proteins, also called tubular proteins using sodium-dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Thirty-seven of the 45 patients had proteinuria (200-1890 mg/day). On the basis of the middle molecular weight/high molecular weight (MMW/HMW) protein ratio, the proteinuria was non-selective in 28. Twenty-nine patients had 40-200 mg LMW protein/day in the urine. There was a statistically significant correlation between the tubulointerstitial changes seen in the renal biopsy samples (characterized by the tubulointerstitial index) and the tubular proteinuria. On the basis of these results it is suggested that in most patients with IgA GN there is, in addition to the glomerular lesion, also morphological and functional tubulointerstitial damage, which is in connection with the progression of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Alterations of urinary carbon dioxide tension, electrolyte handling and low molecular weight protein excretion in acute pyelonephritis.

Renal tubular function tests were performed in 45 children suffering from upper and lower urinary tract infections. Determinations were made of the urinary carbon dioxide tension in maximally alkaline urine as an index of distal tubular H+-ion secretion, of urinary protein excretion, and of urinary sodium and phosphate handling. Urinary PCO2 was low (2.7 +/- 13.9 mmHg) in acute pyelonephritis compared to values in healthy children (52 +/- 32 mmHg) or those with cystitis (48 +/- 34 mmHg). At the onset of pyelonephritis an elevated fractional excretion of sodium (1.38 +/- 0.38 vs. 0.50 +/- 0.20%) and decreased phosphate reabsorption (69.2 +/- 7.1 vs. 90.4 +/- 4.9%) were also observed. Significantly elevated urinary low molecular weight protein excretion was also found in pyelonephritis. These data indicate the existence of proximal and distal tubular dysfunction at the onset of acute bacterial pyelonephritis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Cytogenetic studies on peripheral blood cultures of neonates treated in an intensive unit.

The possible causes of an increased rate of structural chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchange in peripheral blood cultures of mechanically ventilated newborns in an intensive care unit were investigated. No cytogenetic abnormalities were found in low-birth-weight babies affected by hypoxia and acidosis during their first week of life. The rate of chromosome breakage and sister chromatid exchange was increased in blood cultures of neonates continuously ventilated with 70-80 vol% oxygen for a long period of time. The incidence and degree of chromosomal damage, although showing wide individual variations, was related to the duration of oxygen treatment. In addition to high oxygen tension, other environmental factors of intensive care therapy like antibiotic and chemotherapeutic agents may be responsible for the mutagenic effect. The results indicate once again the importance of continuous pO2-monitoring of ventilated newborns.

Chromosome Aberrations↗