[Infectious complications after laparoscopic procedures on the biliary tract].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M Duda
Publications and source records attributed to M Duda.
[The changing clinical picture of gastroduodenal ulcer disease].
OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluate the changing clinical picture of gastroduodenal ulceration in recent years. METHOD: They analysed their own clinical material from January 1994 till April 1998 when at the Second Surgical Clinic in Olomouc 188 patients were hospitalised on account of gastroduodenal ulceration. RESULTS: The group of patients comprised a high proportion of patients above 60 years of age (102, i.e. 55%) and twice as many cases of duodenal ulcers as compared with gastric ones. In 4% ulcers were present at both sites. In 92% (173 patients) acute admissions were involved and only in 8% (15 patients a planned admission for elective treatment was involved. As to complications haemorrhage was most frequent (84%), perforations in 13% and pylorostenosis in 3%. Of the acute admissions 56 patients were operated, i.e. 32%, the rest were treated by conservative methods. The surgical lethality was 12%, the lethality of the conservatively treated patients 5%. CONCLUSION: Gastroduodenal ulceration is at present characterised by a predominance of conservative treatment, a decline of elective operations, a high percentage of complications in particular in advanced age, more frequent affection of the duodenum and late indication for surgery, when conservative treatment is not very successful.
Adolescent↗
[Disorders of liver function in complicated surgical procedures].
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Adolescent↗
[Palliative treatment of inoperable esophageal stenoses using stents: long-term results, complications].
The authors evaluate the effectiveness of palliative treatment of inoperable oesophageal stenoses by means of self-expandable stents in a group of 102 patients and discuss complications. In all patients after implantation of the stent dysphagia improved by at least two degrees. Eighty nine patients of the group died, the mean period of survival was 107 days. At the time of evaluation 13 patients survive, the mean survival period being 175 days. As to complications the authors recorded incomplete expansion of the stent (n = 1), fissuring of the tumour (n = 1), migration of the stent (n = 8), oesophagorespiratory decubital fistula (n = 4), ingrowth of the tumour into the stent (n = 4), obstruction of the stent by food (n = 7) and arterial haemorrhage (n = 1). The effectiveness of palliative treatment of inoperable oesophageal stenoses by self-expanding stents is high and prompt. The total number of complications is 22%, the mortality after surgery is zero. The majority of complications is easily resolved by methods of interventional radiology.
Esophageal Neoplasms↗
[Chronic venous insufficiency--a mini-invasive therapeutic approach].
The authors describe their own experience assembled with treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. During the period from VII/95 to III/98 they operated 257 patients with diseases of the venous system. In 22 patients (8%) they operated 24 times by miniinvasive procedures. Eight times retroperitoneoscopic lumbar sympathectomy and sixteen times endoscopic subfascial dissection of the perforators was performed. The remaining patients (92%) were treated by classical operations of the superficial venous system.
Adult↗
The influence of FSH, LH and testosterone on steroidsecretion by two subpopulations of porcine granulosa cells.
The first objective of this research was to define the capacity of two types granulosa cells (mural MGs and antral AGc) to secrete estradiol (E2) in the presence of an androgen substrate (testosterone). The second objective was to identify the synergism between gonadotropic hormones such as LH and FSH and testosterone (T) as measured by E2 secretion by MGc and AGc. MGc were separated from AGc by filtration through a 32.5 microns nylon filter. In the first experiment, control cultures were grown in M199 medium supplemented with 10% calf serum while the other cultures were supplemented with either T alone at a concentration of 1 x 10(-7) M or with 1.0 x 10(-3) M, 0.5 x 10(-3) M, or 0.1 x 10(-3) M aromatase inhibitor CGS 16949A plus T. In the second experiment, cultures were enriched either with 1 x 10(-7) M T or with 100 ng LH plus T or 100 ng FSH plus T. After 24 hours of cultivation all cultures were terminated and the media were frozen at -20 degree C for further steroid analysis. Basal E2 secretion was always higher in MGc than in AGc. Adding testosterone to the culture medium decreased E2 secretion by MGc but significantly increased E2 secretion by AGc. LH in the absence of T was without effect on E2 secretion by both Gc types. FSH alone stimulated E2 secretion by MGc and decreased E2 secretion by AGc. Synergistic action of FSH and LH with T on E2 secretion by both types of granulosa cells was observed. These findings provide the basis for further analysis of the differences in aromatizing ability of the two subpopulations of Gc during follicular development.
Animals↗
[Surgery of gastroduodenal ulcers in the Czech Republic].
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of surgical treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers during the past 20 years and its importance at the present time. METHOD: During the past 20 years three questionnaire surveys were implemented in surgical departments in the Czechoslovak Republic (1975-57 departments, 1989-80 departments) and in the Czech Republic (1994-80 departments) focused on surgery of gastroduodenal ulcers. The authors analysed also a group of patients from their own department covering a five-year period (1990-89 operations and 1995-27 operations). RESULTS: In surgical departments of the Czechoslovak and Czech Republic the ratios of different operations during the mentioned years were as follows: 1975: resections 85%, vagotomy 9%, suture of perforation 6%. 1989: 71%, 10%, 19% and 1995: 48%, 8%, 31% and other operations 13%. In the authors department the ratio of these operations in 1990 was as follows: 23%, 23%, 10% and in 1995: 59%, 7%, 23%, 11%. The surgical approach declined in the course of five years by 70%. During the last two years in the Czech Republic and in the authors department first experience was assembled with laparoscopic suture of perforated ulcers and with superselective vagotomy. The initial results are very encouraging. CONCLUSION: The basis of treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers is modern medicamentous treatment, surgery is indicated most frequently if conservative treatment fails or in case of haemorrhage (78% of haemorrhages are controlled endoscopically). In gastric ulcers resection is indicated most frequently, similarly as in complications of duodenal ulcers. In non-complicated duodenal ulcers superselective vagotomy is an equivalent alternative of long-term conservative treatment.
Czech Republic↗
[Conservative surgery in breast carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluate recent trends in the treatment of breast cancer, i.e. trends manifested in this country more markedly since the beginning of the nineties. METHOD: In 1993 the authors were able to perform local surgery of breast cancer in 36% of the operated patients, in 1994 in 38% and in 1995 in as many as 48%. During this period they operated 39 patients stereotactically for an non-palpable breast lesion. The ratio of non-palpable lesions which proved to be carcinomas was 5% in 1994 and 9% in 1995. The increasing number of local operations is due to earlier diagnosis and the fact that at the beginning of the nineties investigations were published which provided evidence that in selected indications local surgery along with further oncological treatment have after a five- to ten-year interval comparable results as patients after radical operations. CONCLUSION: In not advanced breast tumours in the 1st and 2nd clinical stage, i.e. tumours not larger than 2 to 4 cm, local extirpation of the tumour along with axillary lymphadenectomy and irradiation or possibly other oncological treatment achieves comparable patient survival as mastectomy.
Adult↗
[Treatment of perforating mediastinitis].
In 1986-1994 at the Second Surgical Clinic in Olomouc Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty 23 patients with perforating mediastinitis were treated. The treatment of this serious disease is associated with a 30% lethality. The cause of its development are complications after surgery of the oesophagus, more frequently operations in the area of the cardia but also damage during instrumental treatment of the upper digestive tract. The analysis draws attention to the risk of perforation of the oesophagus in different types of operations. The author emphasize the importance of early comprehensive intensive treatment, incl. support of respiratory functions.
Esophageal Perforation↗
[Retroperitoneoscopic lumbar symathectomy].
During the period between August 1995 and February 1996 at the Second Surgical Clinic of the Faculty Hospital in Olomouc 12 retroperitonescopic lumbar sympathectomies were performed on account of different indications. The authors present an elaborate technique of access into the retroperitoneum and their own technique of lumboscopic sympathectomy. The success of the method was evaluated clinically and by histological evidence of sympathetic ganglia in the collected material. Retroperitoneoscopic lumbar sympathectomy is considered a gentle and safe method which can be used also in other patients where the risk of open surgery would be excessive.
Adult↗
[Mallophaga of pigeons in Cracow].
Infestation of Columba livia domestica GMELIN with Mallophaga has been investigated in both, breeding and feral pigeons. All pigeons came from the area of Cracow. Five species of Mallophaga have been distinguished: Columbicola columbae columbae (L.), Campanulotes bidentatus compar (BURM.), Coloceras damicornis fahrenholzi EICHLER, Hohorstiella gigantea lata (PIAG.), Neocolpocephalum (Neocolpocephalum) turbinatum (DENNY). It appeared that the first two of the above-mentioned species showed the highest intensity of occurrence. The most frequent was the mixed invasion of these two species. Research on infestation with Mallophaga with regard to the origin of pigeons showed bigger infestation of breeding pigeons, besides, the females were more intensively infested that the males. The higher degree of infestation occurred in old and weak pigeons.
Animals↗
[Problems in operations and reoperation on the thyroid gland].
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Female↗
Does ovarian granulosa and theca cell interaction in co-culture affect the cytoplasmic microtubule organization?
Theca (T) cells modulate steroid secretion by granulosa (G) cells in vitro. This investigation was undertaken to see whether the cytoskeleton is involved in this process. Monocultures of G cells alone, T cells alone and GT co-cultures were viewed by light microscopy. Microtubules were visualized using monoclonal Ab against tubulin. The specificity of the Ab was checked by Western blotting. One group of cells was treated with colchicine, a microtubule disrupting drug, to show its influence on oestradiol secretion by cultured cells. Microtubule arrangement was monitored using a fluorescence microscope. In monoculture of G cells a diffuse pattern of immunocytochemical staining of tubulin was noted while in T cells cultured alone the microtubule were arranged in a network of delicate fibres. In co-culture the microtubule arrangement changed in G cells and became very fine and less numerous than in theca fibres. Oestradiol secretion by colchicine-treated cultures different from control secretions. The E2 secretion declined in cultures of G cells (48.9 pg/10(5) cells in control vs 19.4 pg/10(5) cells in colchicine cells), and in T cells cultures alone (490 pg i n control vs 171 pg/10(5) cells in colchicine treated cells) while in co-culture a dose-dependent increase of this steroid was detected after the addition of colchicine (2,008 pg vs 1,269 pg/10(5) cells in control). It is conceivable that microtubules affect transport of androgens from their production site in T cells to G cells where this substrate is aromatized resulting in increased preovulatory oestradiol secretion.
Animals↗
[Treatment of patients with acute mediastinitis].
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Acute Disease↗
New chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic methodology used for the pharmacokinetic evaluation of dexfenfluramine.
A new chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method utilizing ultraviolet (UV) detection has been developed for determining plasma and urinary concentrations of d-fenfluramine and its major metabolite d-norfenfluramine, while being able to determine the possible presence of l-fenfluramine after oral administration of enantiopure d-fenfluramine hydrochloride. Sensitivity, stability, and specificity were enhanced by derivatizing the extracted analytes with 3,5-dinitrophenylisocyanate while utilizing a Pirkle-type chiral recognition approach. In vitro and in vivo statistical data are analogous. Overall plasma inter-assay precision was less than 7% with a minimum quantitation limit of 10 ng/ml. Overall urine inter-assay precision was also less than 7% with a minimum quantitation limit of 25 ng/ml.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
New possibilities of miniinvasive treatment of esophageal stenoses.
We report our first very good experiences with the treatment of inoperable, especially malignant stenoses of the esophagus, with perorally inserted metallic self-expanding stents. During the period since August 1993 up to now, we have introduced 17 stents in 15 patients. We have compared the introduction of stents with other modalities of palliative treatment of esophageal stenoses, as actinotherapy, contact or focused laser, palliative by-pass surgery, classic surgical or endoscopical stenose-pertubation. In the last place for the patient stands the dismal nutrition-gastrostomy. From this point of view, the miniinvasive treatment with metallic stents is very successful, easy, well tolerated by the patients, and practically without complications. The therapeutical effect, elimination of severe swallowing-discomfort, allows especially to patient with malignancies to live terminal months of life with a relatively maximum quality of deglutition.
Catheterization↗
Mediastinitis due to perforation.
The oesophageal perforation is a begining of tragedy. We present a group of patients with serious complication-mediastinitis after operations of the oesophagus or after instrumental diagnostics and instrumental treatment.
Catheterization↗
Adequate enzymatic substitution in treating exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
The chymotrypsin in the stool test was used to monitor adequate enzymatic substitution in treating exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with 18 patients (16 suffering from chronic pancreatitis and 2 having passed duodenopancreatectomy due to pancreatic cancer). This test helps to identify pancreatic insufficiency and can be successfully used in monitoring the adequate amount of pancreatic substitute, which, we have found, differs from patient to patient. The dosage can be higher in cases of chronic pancreatitis than in those required after duodenopancreatectomy.
Amylases↗