Biomedical subjects
M Gili
Publications and source records attributed to M Gili.
Patterns of consumption of alcohol in Seville, Spain. Results of a general population survey.
The results of a general population survey of the patterns of consumption of alcohol in a representative sample of the province of Seville, Spain, are analysed in this article. The proportions of drinkers and abstainers and distribution by age, by sex and by urban-rural residency are discussed. Frequency of consumption declines as age increases in both sexes but the negative slope is more marked in females. Analysis of the results on quantity of alcohol consumed during the week prior to the interview shows that men drink more heavily than women in all age-groups and young people drink more heavily than other age-groups. The combination of data on frequency of consumption and maximum quantity of alcohol reportedly consumed on the highest drinking occasion shows that the majority of men belong to the High Frequency-Low Quantity typology, followed by High Frequency-Medium Quantity, but in women nearly 60% belong to the Low Frequency-Low Quantity typology, followed by High Frequency-Low Quantity. The highest proportions of both abstainers and heavy drinkers are found in the group of people with the lowest income.
Analysis of cohort mortality from prostatic cancer in Spain, 1951-1983.
Prostatic cancer mortality rates in Spain were analysed for the period 1951-1983 by age groups. Five year interval age cohort trends were also studied. A rising trend was seen over this period of time, although there has been some stabilisation during the recent past. Age cohort analysis shows a generation effect in those cohorts born before 1896, consistent with an increased exposure to environmental and/or occupational factors.
[Case-control studies. Transversal studies].
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[Types of epidemiological study. Cohort studies].
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The Andalusian Nutritional Survey: comparison of the nutritional status of Andalusian children aged 6-60 months with that of the NCHS/CDC reference population.
Presented are the results of the anthropometric component of the 1985 Andalusian Nutritional Survey. The heights and weights of a representative sample of children aged 6-60 months were compared with data for the National Center for Health Statistics/Centers for Disease Control (NCHS/CDC) reference population. Of the 1181 preschool-age children surveyed, the great majority fell within +/- standard deviation (SD) scores for height-for-age (93.6%) and weight-for-height (93.5%), and most (87.7%) were within +/- 2 SD scores of the mean value for the NCHS/CDC reference population for both height-for-age and weight-for-height. The proportion of stunting was 3.2%, that of wasting 1.0%, and that of both stunting and wasting 0.4%. For both sexes, the distribution of height-for-age was comparable with that of the NCHS/CDC reference population, while that for weight-for-height was skewed to the right. This suggests that for the same height, the weight of Andalusian children increased more over the 5 years preceding the survey than that of the reference population over the period 1971-74. The data obtained could be used as a baseline to evaluate the effectiveness of future nutrition programmes for children who are at a high risk of undernutrition or obesity.
Susceptibility of the Cebus apella monkey to different strains of T. cruzi after single or repeated inoculations.
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[Hospital urinary infections].
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[Interprovincial variations in mortality from cancer: factorial and cluster analyses].
Cancer mortality rates among males, for sixteen sites in the fifty Spanish provinces were analyzed using two data reduction techniques, factor and cluster analysis. Five independent underlying factors were identified by factor analysis which appear to influence cancer mortality patterns. Cluster analysis aggregated provinces into different groups using these factor scores as the clustering criteria. Each of the groups thus defined a distinctive profile of site-specific cancer mortality rates.
Oral sex as a risk factor for Chlamydia-negative ureaplasma-negative nongonococcal urethritis.
We present a case-control study that evaluated the association of Chlamydia-negative, Ureaplasma-negative nongonococcal urethritis with oral and/or anal sex. The study population was composed of 120 patients diagnosed as having nongonococcal urethritis in the Diagnostic Center for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) of the Medical School of Seville. Cases were 56 men suffering from nonogonococcal urethritis from whom neither Chlamydia trachomatis nor Ureaplasma urealyticum was isolated; the remaining 64 males with cultures positive for these agents were considered as controls. Insertive genital-oral intercourse significantly increased the risk of Chlamydia-negative, Ureaplasma-negative nongonococcal urethritis (odds ratio, 11.400; 95% confidence interval, 2.357-75.057). This association was still very strong (odds ratio, 8.882) after adjustment for homosexuality. Insertive anal intercourse appears not to increase the risk of Chlamydia-negative, Ureaplasma-negative nongonococcal urethritis. We conclude that insertive oral sex can be an important risk factor in the development of nongonnococcal urethritis in which the microbial agent is still unknown.
Risk factors for HPV DNA detection in middle-aged women.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Strong epidemiologic evidence indicates that human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main etiologic factor of cervical cancer. A few cohort studies suggest that most HPV infections are transient in young women and that persistent HPV infections are more common in older women. Little is known about the determinants of persistent HPV infections. The present study was aimed at increasing our knowledge about these determinants. GOALS: To identify risk factors for genital HPV DNA detection among cytologically normal middle-aged women. STUDY DESIGN: Eight hundred ten women who participated as control subjects in three case-control studies on cervical cancer in Spain, Colombia, and Brazil were included in this study. After an interview, women underwent a gynecologic examination with collection of exfoliated cells for a Papanicolaou smear and HPV DNA detection. Human papilloma virus DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based hybridization techniques. RESULTS: The HPV positivity rate was 10.5% in the whole population, but was higher in the areas with high incidence of cervical cancer (17% in Brazil and 13% in Colombia) than in Spain (4.9%), which is a low-risk area for cervical cancer. Age was related to the prevalence of HPV DNA in Brazil, but not in Spain and Colombia. In univariate analyses in all three countries, the prevalence of HPV DNA was positively associated with the number of lifetime sexual partners and inversely associated with the levels of family income and with age at first sexual intercourse. There was four times increase in the odds ratio (OR) of HPV infection in women who had six or more lifetime sexual partners compared with those with one or less. The use of any kind of contraceptive tended to decrease the OR for HPV detection. Their ORs ranged from 0.44 (barrier methods) to 0.48 (oral contraceptives). In Spain and Colombia, antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis were positively associated with the prevalence of HPV DNA. In a final multivariate model, the positive associations with lifetime number of sexual partners, socioeconomic status, and C. trachomatis persisted. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the sexual transmission of HPV and suggest that socioeconomic status and antibodies to C. trachomatis are independent predictors of HPV detection in middle-aged cytologically normal women.
Chronic myocardial damage in experimental T. cruzi infection of a New World primate, Cebus sp. monkey.
Eighteen Cebus apella monkeys, (juvenile and adult of both sexes) were inoculated five years ago, with three Trypanosoma cruzi strains (CA1, n = 10; Colombian, n = 4 and Tulahuen, n = 4), either by conjunctival or intraperitoneal route, once or repeatedly. Parasitological, hematological, serological, enzymatic, radiographic, electro and echocardiographic findings have been previously published and they are similar to those observed in human pathology. The most frequent electrocardiographic alteration was right branch bundle block. Six animals, chosen at random, were sacrificed. Those sacrificed 20 to 25 months post-first inoculation showed focal accumuli of leukocytes with myocytolysis. Foci of diffuse interstitial fibrosis with mild infiltrate of leukocytes among fibers were observed in the animals sacrificed 36 to 47 months post-inoculation. No parasites were seen. The lesions were more prominent in the ventricular walls and the septum. The fact that the infiltrates were predominant in the animals sacrificed at a shorter time after first inoculation and that fibrosis was more severe in those sacrificed at a longer time suggests that there is a progression of the infiltrative lesions to fibrosis, with a leukocytic activity indicative of a chronic phase. These lesions are similar to those described in human chronic Chagas' disease. This would demonstrate that this model is useful in evaluating a progress in the knowledge of the pathogenesis which is still a controversial issue, immunology, immunogenesis and chemotherapeutic agents of the chronic and indeterminate phases of this disease.
[A simplified method for estimating mitral valve area by Doppler].
Based upon geometrical considerations we have developed a new method for estimation of valve area in patients with mitral stenosis. A special ruler enables us to read the valve area from the Doppler record. We prove that our new method is more precise and rapid than original Hatle's procedure. In 35 patients, we found a good correlation between the result of our method and the valve area obtained by 2D-Echo. Thus the new method is very useful for Doppler evaluation of mitral stenosis patients.
[Alcohol-related problems. Results of a population survey in the province of Seville].
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