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Biomedical subjects

M Gips

Publications and source records attributed to M Gips.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Carcinoma of the colon in youngsters: a report of three cases.

Three youngsters aged 12, 16, and 18 years underwent surgery for carcinoma of the colon, a very rare occurrence in this age-group. In all three patients the prominent feature was a marked delay in diagnosis and treatment, as reflected in the advanced pathological stage of the tumors (Dukes' C and D). An increased awareness of the possible occurrence of this type of tumor in young patients, and the resultant earlier diagnosis, are the only means for improving the prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Increased expression of Fc gamma receptor in cancer patients and tumor bearing mice.

In this study we report on some lines of ongoing research performed in our laboratory, in relation to the increased expression of FcR on tumor cells, as well as on cells present in the tumor-bearing host, and its possible role in tumor progression. In a previous study we have shown that a Polyoma virus (PyV)-induced anaplastic carcinoma (SEYF-a tumor) contained an FcR-expressing subpopulation of tumorigenic cells. We tested the effect of in vivo passaging of FcR-expressing and of non-FcR-expressing sub-populations of SEYF-a tumor cells on the expression of FcR, as revealed by the ability of these cells to bind the 2.4G2 monoclonal antibody, which is directed against mouse Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R. It was found that upon in vivo passaging these two sub-populations became practically identical in their ability to bind anti-Fc gamma R antibody. On the other hand, in vitro passaging of FcR-expressing SEYF-a cells resulted in a gradual decrease in the expression of Fc gamma R. These results, indicating that the expression of Fc gamma R on tumor cells, per se, is dependent on a factor present in the in vivo environment were confirmed using 3T3 cells transformed in vitro by PyV (C) and forming tumors at first injection to mice (CTC). C cultures of various clones did not express Fc gamma R, while CTC cultures (cultures from tumors) became positive. We also detected an increase in the level of a soluble form of Fc gamma 2b/gamma 1R in the circulation of mice bearing PyV induced tumors. This increase paralleled the appearance of palpable tumors. A similar pattern of increase was observed in mice inoculated with the c-H-ras transformed tumorigenic clone 8/F/5, but not in mice inoculated with non-tumorigenic 3T3 cells. Data published by us show that metastatic breast cancer patients had significantly elevated Fc gamma R levels on their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Experiments presented here indicate a direct correlation between increased Fc gamma R levels on PBMC and tumor mass in colon, ovary and lung metastatic carcinoma patients. The possibility that malignantly transformed cells have the potential to cause proliferation of Fc gamma R expressing T cells was tested. It was found that extract derived from r-H-ras transformed 3T3 cells triggers the proliferation of a T cell hybridoma expressing Fc gamma R.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetics of sulphadoxine and trimethoprim and tissue irritation caused by two sulphadoxine-trimethoprim containing products after subcutaneous administration in pre-ruminant calves.

The pharmacokinetics of sulphadoxine-trimethoprim was studied in 6 pre-ruminant calves using two different products. Product A, which contained 200 mg sulphadoxine and 40 mg trimethoprim per mL, was administered intravenously or subcutaneously at a dosage of 25 mg sulphadoxine and 5 mg trimethoprim.kg-1 bodyweight. Product B, containing 62.5 mg sulphadoxine and 12.5 mg trimethoprim per mL plus lidocaine (1 mg.mL-1), was given subcutaneously at the same dosage. After intravenous administration of product A the mean time of half-life of elimination phase (t1/2) for sulphadoxine was 12.9 h, steady-state volume of distribution (Vd(ss)) was 0.44 L.kg-1 and clearance was 0.024 L.kg-1.h-1. Respective values for trimethoprim were 1.9 h, 2.0 L.kg-1 and 0.9 L.kg-1.h-1. After subcutaneous administration, the bioavailability of sulphadoxine was 96% and 98% and the time to reach a maximum concentration was 6.3 and 8.0 h for products A and B, respectively. The Cmax for trimethoprim was higher for product A (0.49 microgram.mL-1) than for product B (0.32 microgram.mL-1) (p = 0.014). Slow absorption from the injection site appeared to delay the elimination of trimethoprim after subcutaneous administration when compared to that after intravenous administration: apparent elimination t1/2 for trimethoprim after intravenous administration of product A was 1.9 h compared to 3.9 h and 3.6 h after subcutaneous administration of products A and B, respectively. The difference between intravenous and subcutaneous administrations was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Also the mean residence time was significantly shorter (p < 0.05) after intravenous administration (2.4 h) than that after subcutaneous administration of product A (6.9 h) and B (7.1 h). The bioavailability of trimethoprim was lower than that of sulphadoxine: 76% and 74% for products A and B, respectively. All 6 calves showed pain after subcutaneous administration of product A and the injection sites were warm and showed soft oedematous reactions 5-8 cm in diameter. Three of the calves also showed some pain after subcutaneous administration of product B; the local reactions were less severe. A marked increase was seen in creatine kinase activity after subcutaneous administration of both products. Product A caused a more pronounced increase but the difference was not statistically significant. We suggest 30 mg.kg-1 at 24-h intervals or alternatively 15 mg.kg-1 at 12-h intervals as the minimum dosage of sulphadoxine-trimethoprim combination for pre-ruminant calves. Extravascular routes of administration should be avoided due to marked tissue irritation at the injection site.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneal piperacillin/tazobactam in patients on peritoneal dialysis with and without pseudomonas peritonitis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneal (IP) administration of the antibiotic combination piperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) to patients on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) with and without pseudomonas peritonitis. DESIGN: Open-labeled study. SETTING: The study was carried out in the CAPD unit of Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Six patients participated in the study, 4 had pseudomonas peritonitis, all were given an IP loading dose of 4 g/0.5 g PIP/TAZ. Twenty-four hours after the initial dose, a maintenance dose of 0.5 g/0.0625 g PIP/TAZ was administered with each dialysate exchange for a period of 1 week. The patients without peritonitis received only the loading dose. High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentrations of PIPITAZ in plasma obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 360, 480, 600, 720, and 1440 minutes after administration. Samples of the dialysate fluid for determination of PIP/TAZ concentration were collected at 6,10,14, 24, and 72, 120, and 168 hours. RESULTS: After the loading dose, the highest plasma PIP concentration (Cmax) was 51.6 t 21.25 Lig/mL and appeared at 1.5 = 0.45 hours (t,,a). During the maintenance period plasma PIP concentration was 5.2 t 4.75 Lg/mL. Tazobactam was detected in the plasma of 1 patient only. The concentration of TAZ in the dialysate fluid during the maintenance period was 2.3 t 0.5 ig/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Piperacillin administered IP at 4 g reached plasma concentrations comparable to intravenous administration and considered therapeutic (above the MIC90 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in CAPD patients with or without peritonitis. The maintenance dose, however, should be augmented. Tazobactam could not be detected in the plasma of most patients and the therapeutic implications of IP administration of TAZ cannot be directly correlated to intravenous administration.

Aged↗