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Biomedical subjects

M Goerig

Publications and source records attributed to M Goerig.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Helmut Schmidt--a protagonist of modern anesthesia in Germany].

Helmut Schmidt, an assistant of the reputed surgeon Paul Sudeck, who headed the Surgical Department of the University in Hamburg at that time, habilitated in 1928. The title of his monograph was "Merits of nitrous oxide anaesthesia--a comparative study seeking reintroduction and increase of the use of nitrous oxide in Germany". With this paper, Schmidt qualified himself as the first lecturer for anaesthesiology in Germany. He had been eager since the mid-twenties on establishing our special medical discipline separate from surgery. Schmidt's merits also include introducing students and doctors to the practice of anaesthesiology, teaching both a practical approach towards anaesthesia at the operating room, and theory during lectures on general surgery. This method was absolutely new at that time. Due to the resistance by conservative surgeons, he failed to establish a "German Society of Anaesthesia" during the 90th meeting of the "German Society of Natural Scientists and Physicians" held in Hamburg in 1928. In fact, this was accomplished only as late as 1953. The following text recalls a number of contributions to anaesthesiology made by the honorary member of the "German Society for Anaesthesiology" Helmut Schmidt, who was born a hundred years ago and whose name and merits have fallen into oblivion during the past decades.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1995

[Cerebral monitoring with trancranial doppler-sonography and cerebrovenous oximetry during resuscitation].

This case report describes cerebral monitoring of intracranial haemodynamics using transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) and jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjO2) by fiberoptic jugular bulb oximetry during cardiac arrest following cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). CPB for aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in a 63-year-old patient previously operated upon for heart disease. Mean blood flow velocity was measured in the middle cerebral artery using a bidirectional 2 MHz TCD system. SjO2 was measured using a fiberoptic thermodilution catheter placed in the right jugular bulb via the right internal jugular vein under radiographic control. At the end of the operation, low cardiac output syndrome and cardiac arrest occurred, which required reopening of the thorax and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) until CPB could be resumed. Following extrathoracic cardiac resuscitation, systolic "spikes", loss of the diastolic flow profile, and no increase in SjO2 were recorded by the monitors, indicating cerebral circulatory arrest. However, a normal flow profile with increasing diastolic portions and an increase in SjO2 to 52% were seen following optimisation of the open thorax cardiac resuscitation. This monitoring may be able to give information to optimise therapy during CPR to avoid ischaemic cerebral injury.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1995

[Novocaine].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1995

[Cyclopropane].

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Anesthetics, Inhalation↗
PubMed1995

[Otto Kappeler--a pioneer in anesthesia in German-speaking regions].

The publication of textbooks on anaesthesiology reflects the enormous progress made over the last decades. This new branch of medicine was first completely described in Germany by Otto Kappeler from Switzerland, who was asked to do so by his famous colleague Theodor Billroth from Vienna. Starting with remarks concerning the history of anaesthesiology, he described on more than 220 pages everything that was known about the anaesthetics used at that time. Additionally, he outlined the prospects of the then also brand new methods of local anaesthesia. Undoubtedly it was of Kappeler's special concern to avoid the risk of iatrogenic complications while the patient was under any anaesthetic. This can easily be proved by the fact that he put special emphasis on precautions concerning life-threatening situations and their therapy. To avoid the dangers of an acute airway obstruction by the patient's tongue, he modified the so-called "Esmarch-Heidberg" manoeuvre, which later on became known as the "Kappeler" flick. For the first time ever, Kappeler managed to describe sphygmographically the circulatory effects of narcotics in an anaesthesia-related textbook. Basically, he could not find any differences between them, since " ... all higher dosages of anaesthetics used during operations caused ... a strong widening of the blood vessels ... by paralysing the vasoconstrictors". He believed it would be possible to exclude the dangers of overdosing drugs by introducing devices to perform anaesthesia. In using his self-designed device, which was a modification of the device used at that time, invented by Junker, he was able to come closer to the goal of "in somno securitas" he so vehemently fought for. This confidence he derived from the fact that he was already a strong believer in the advantage of the "self-conducted chloroformation or anaesthesia".

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1995

Early proponents of cardiac massage.

Open-chest cardiac massage in humans to treat chloroform syncope was first performed by Niehans in Berne and Langenbuch in Berlin in the late 1880s. Closed-chest cardiac massage in humans was advocated by Koenig and Maass in Göttingen in the last two decades of the 19th century. The closed technique was used in Central Europe for several decades to treat chloroform syncope.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1994

[Martin Kirschner: anesthesiologist--intensive care physician--pain therapist].

The development of numerous modern anaesthetic technics and methods in the mid of the twenties and thirties, which had become a main topic of scientific interest in the German-speaking countries, is connected with the name of the surgeon Martin Kirschner. Reputed as an outstanding surgeon at home and abroad, he realised the need of modern anesthetic technics and monitor systems for the further progress in all areas of operative medicine. His research enhanced our knowledge of the mode of action of various anaesthetic procedures and the prevention of iatrogenic complications became a central part of his interest. His concept to use a physician-aided rapid transportation system, so that the emergency physician comes to the patients and not vice versa, has become an integral part of emergency medical system nowadays. Not surprisingly, he asked for a physician-controlled transportation of such "high-risk-patients" with the aid of aeroplanes. Furthermore, he demanded continuous control of vital parameters of such severely injured persons, best realized in an intensive-care unit. Comparably modern were his concepts concerning the perioperative sedation of patients, operated under any kind of local anaesthesia. Recommending advantageous drugs to do so, he suggested the possibility of using a wireless or television set, a technique absolutely new at that time, within the operation theatre. Reviewing Kirschner's contributions to pain alleviation procedures, we can consider him to be a passionate surgeon, but also a surgeon with the deliberations and actions of an anaesthesiologist: "Divinum est, sedare dolorem."

Anesthesiology↗