PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Goerig

Publications and source records attributed to M Goerig.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Selective eicosanoid formation during HL-60 macrophage differentiation. Regulation of thromboxane synthase.

Earlier studies on HL-60 cells induced to differentiate into macrophages by phorbol esters have shown a selective stimulation of thromboxane (Tx) formation from endoperoxide prostaglandin (PG) H2, indicating that Tx synthesis is regulated at the level of Tx synthase (TxS), one of the peripheral enzymes of the PGH-synthase pathway. We now report on the regulation of TxS during HL-60 macrophage differentiation using monoclonal anti-TxS serum and comparing turnover rates of TxS and its biological activity with those of other enzymes of arachidonic acid metabolism. Western-blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical staining and [35S]methionine-labeling experiments suggested a phorbol-ester-dependent early induction of synthesis of TxS. [35S]Methionine incorporation into TxS was stimulated within 4 h after initiation of differentiation and was associated with a major rise in the TxS catalytical activity. Pulse-chase experiments showed a half life for the TxS protein of 16.4 h in both control and phorbol-ester-treated cells. The biological half life of TxS was 10.5 h, as determined by PGH2 incorporation into TxB2 after cycloheximide treatment. In contrast, the biological half lives of PGH synthase, prostacyclin synthase and 5-lipoxygenase were significantly shorter and were 3, 2.5 and 2.5 h, respectively. These results reveal that Tx synthesis in macrophages is mediated by at least two distinct mechanisms; a protein-kinase-C-dependent induction of de novo synthesis of TxS and the selective resistance of the enzyme against the activity of protein kinase C.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1993

[Carl Ludwig Schleich--pioneer exclusively in infiltration anesthesia?].

The development of local anaesthesia is connected with the name of Carl Ludwig Schleich, a Berlin surgeon. His method, the so-called "infiltration anaesthesia", did not receive due attention from his surgeon colleagues right from the beginning. This, however, was partly a fault of Schleich himself. The initial restraint, however, changed within a few years and became soon known as the "first great medical feat in the discipline of German surgery". At the same time, the fact that he had been rejected in the beginning was criticised as a "disgrace for surgery". Schleich experienced the same ignorance and refusal when he demanded that only specially trained physicians should perform any kind of anaesthesia. Moreover, these specialists should be responsible for the training of younger colleagues, a revolutionary concept at that time in Germany. Unfortunately, all these ideas and efforts of Schleich to develop a new concept of anaesthesia techniques have fallen into oblivion, a concept that started with his "infiltration anaesthesia" 100 years ago.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1993

[Arthur Läwen--a pioneer of modern anesthetic techniques].

The development of modern local anaesthetic techniques is connected with the name of Arthur Läwen. At the turn of this century, he started his surgical training with Heinrich Braun, who had performed a lot of research with various local anaesthetic methods and who was renowned world-wide as an authority for his contributions. It is not surprising that a main topic of Läwen's research was the development of new local anaesthetic regimes. In close collaboration with the Institute of Pharmacology at the University of Leipzig, he examined new available local anaesthetic drugs and their practicability for daily use. Due to an own, new pharmacological preparation of a bicarbonated novocaine solution, paravertebral, sacral and epidural conduction blocks became a reality in clinical practice. Thus several, still valid methods in the treatment of acute or chronic pain became manageable. The further development of new techniques for the differential diagnosis of various illnesses must also be mentioned. A remarkable step towards a modern anaesthesia concept was the administration of curare for muscle relaxation in operative surgery. Another evidence of his foresight are his contributions in the development of an electrically driven apparatus to overcome respiratory failure "Läwen was in many ways a man before his time:" This appraisal by a surgeon colleague is true even today for several of his anaesthesia-related contributions, which are still part of the armamentarium of modern anaesthetic methods.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1993

[Arthur Guedel].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1993

Ibuprofen as an over-the-counter drug: is there a risk for renal injury?

Ibuprofen has recently been introduced as over-the-counter drug in several countries. The question has been raised whether or not the increased availability and use of ibuprofen as over-the-counter drug will be associated with an increased incidence of nephrotoxic side-effects. It is unquestionable that ibuprofen can cause renal damage, including functional acute renal failure, water and electrolyte disorders, and interstitial nephritis. Analgesic nephropathy is not a documented consequence of ibuprofen therapy. Renal side-effects of ibuprofen appear to be dose-dependent, and were not reported at the recommended dosage as over-the-counter drug (0.2-0.8 g/d) except for a single child. Even at anti-inflammatory doses (> 1.6 g/d), renal side-effects are almost exclusively encountered in patients with low intravascular volume and low cardiac output particularly in old age. Alternative analgesic and antipyretic agents display no less risk for renal injury than ibuprofen.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

[Franz Kuhn (1866-1929) on the 125th anniversary of his birthday].

At the beginning of the 20th century, the German surgeon Franz Kuhn (1866-1929) was the leading protagonist of various endotracheal intubation technics. In the period between 1900 and 1912, he wrote several papers on this topic including a remarkable monograph on intubation, which was not widely appreciated for decades. In this, he discussed--among others--the advantages and possible risks of the endotracheal intubation, for patients during surgical procedures as well as in situations of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Kuhn recommended the use of flexible metal tubes which were generally introduced into the trachea under digital control. Kuhn suggested the advantageous use of Kirstein's autoscope, too, a forerunner of modern laryngoscopes. To overcome the "pneumothorax problem" in thoracic surgery, he emphasized the positive pressure ventilation via endotracheal tubes. As an alternative, he suggested the insufflation technique for this purpose. He was the first to incorporate a carbon-dioxide absorption system within the anaesthesia apparatus. Later, he developed technical devices for the perioperative intravenous administration of fluids or the injection of local anaesthetic drugs under high pressure. In honour of Kuhn's 125th birthday, the various contributions to anaesthesia and emergency medicine are outlined.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1991

[Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Sertürner−the discoverer of morphine].

Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Sertürner (1783-1841) was one of the most outstanding pharmacists who significantly influenced the transformation of pharmaceutical chemistry from a state of alchemistry to an acknowledged branch of science at the end of the 18th century. At the age of twenty-one, Sertürner was the first to report on some results concerning the substance which was thought to be responsible as the "sleeping-agent". This substance had been isolated by him from the poppy-plant. Since this first report remained unnoticed, he repeated his analysis and described once more on the "crystallizable" properties of the agent in 1817, which he now named morphine. To have an idea of the effects of the drug, Sertürner was able to confirm the hypnotic as well as the analgesic properties of morphine that were well-known to him since the had performed animal tests. Since he could demonstrate the alkaline qualities of morphine, something absolutely new at that time, Sertürner became the co-founder and promoter of a new type of chemistry now known as alkaloid chemistry.

Animals↗