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Biomedical subjects

M Grabowska

Publications and source records attributed to M Grabowska.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Changes of the total antioxidative status of blood cells in the progression of stomach and large bowel cancers in patients subjected to primary radical treatment.

The analysis included 53 patients (32 men and 21 women) aged 43 to 66 years, who were subjected to radical treatment (surgical or combined) because of stomach (22 patients) or large bowel (31 patients) cancer. All the patients were included in the same model of control examinations, which considered evaluation of the erythrocytes TAS and of the Ca19-9, CEA and AFP concentrations in serum. It was confirmed that in all the patients in whom the recurrence and/or the dissemination occurred of the cancer, the average erythrocytes TAS value increased 5.5 times by comparison with the period before progression and 7 times in comparison with the patients without recurrence and/or dissemination of the cancer. Moreover it was shown that statistically significantly higher TAS values were associated with the progression of the large bowel cancer in comparison with the stomach cancer and that the blood cells TAS positively correlated with the changes of the Ca19-9, CEA and AFP concentrations in patients with progression of the cancer after radical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The influence of antineoplastic chemotherapy on the glutathione enzymes activity in the blood.

The analysis included 78 patients (42 men and 36 women) aged 48 to 67 years treated with cytostatics because of a neoplastic disease. In all the patients examined was evaluated the influence of the chemotherapy carried out on the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. It was confirmed that the effect of the action on the glutathione enzymes (GE) activity of the antineoplastic chemotherapy changes depending on the duration of the treatment with cytostatics. In the end this activity settles at a high level, statistically significantly higher than that registered before the beginning of the antineoplastic treatment. The increase of the GE activity is mainly favoured by the chemotherapy following the schemes FAC (5-fluorouracyl + doxorubicin + endoxan) and PAC (cisplatin + cyclofosfamide + pharmorubicin).

Aged↗
PubMed1996

The effect of lead on lactate formation, ATP level and membrane ATPase activities in human erythrocytes in vitro.

Lead ions inhibit aerobic glycolysis and diminish ATP level in human erythrocytes in vitro. Magnesium partly abolishes this inhibitory effect of lead on lactate formation by stimulation of Mg-dependent enzymes. Lead ions also inhibit the (Na, K) ATPase activity of the erythrocyte membranes. This effect is seen after the direct adding of lead acetate to erythrocyte ghosts, as well as in the ghosts obtained after preincubation of intact erythrocytes with lead acetate, prior to cell membrane isolation (Ca, Mg) ATPase is less sensitive to lead and (Mg) ATPase is practically insensitive. During these studies a protective effect of glucose was found. The inhibition of (Na, K) ATPase by lead ions, observed after incubation of human erythrocytes, as an experimental model, may indicate a similar sensitivity of membrane (Na, K) ATPases from other cells during their in vitro exposure to lead, especially from the nervous cells, where (Na, K) ATPase participates in the process of cell surface repolarization.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of carbohydrate metabolism in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus].

70 women with previous (1983-1993) history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were examined in order to assess their present carbohydrate metabolism. The through examination together with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) according to WHO were performed. Also the level of glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c was measured. The following risk factors were analysed: obesity; arterial hypertension; family history of diabetes; number of past pregnancies; time that passed since the pregnancy with GDM; trimester in which GDM was diagnosed. In result 54% of all subjects were diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus, 19% had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The presence of diabetes or IGT significantly correlated with the number of past pregnancies, observation time and indirectly with family history of diabetes. Using both measurements of fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin enables to diagnose nearly 80% of diabetes following GDM and as a diagnostic method is worth recommending for screening. Women who had GDM should be subjected to control examinations towards diabetes mellitus at least once a year.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Inhibitory effect of environmental pollutants on erythrocyte membrane ATPase activity in humans].

In the inhabitants of Chorzów, the most polluted town in the Upper Silesia, who showed increased urine fluoride excretion and elevated blood lead concentrations, the studies on erythrocyte membrane ATPase activities have been undertaken. The investigations showed the decrease in (Na,K)ATPase activity by about 70% in comparison with the average norm in 85% of workers of the Nitrogen Chemical Plant and the Slaughterhouse (groups A and M) and by about 50% in 65% of workers of the Steelworks (group S). The decrease in Mg-ATPase activity was smaller, by about 40% in 70% persons in groups A and M, and only by 20% in comparison with the control activity in 40% persons in group S. The correlation between the decrease in (Na,K)ATPase activity in vivo and the increase in urine fluoride excretion was demonstrated. Although the possibility of lead influence on this enzyme in vivo cannot be excluded, the correlation between the changes in ATPase activity and blood lead concentration was not found.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1986

Antiarrhythmic efficiency of Craviten and changes in the activities of serum dopamine beta-hydroxylase and erythrocyte membrane ATPases.

Among 30 patients with ventricular arrhythmia resistant to conventional antiarrhythmic therapy, 33% showed normalization of heart rhythm after single i.v. injection of Craviten at a dose of 6 mg. In all patients, sensitive and resistant to this dose of Craviten, serum dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity was initially twice as high as that in healthy controls. After Craviten administration, enzyme activity normalized in the sensitive persons only, parallelly with rhythm normalization. In this group of patients the initially increased erythrocyte membrane ATPase activities (total and ouabain-insensitive) also normalized.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1981

Stimulatory effect of hnRNA on template activity of isolated rat liver chromatin.

Transcription of chromatin isolated from rat liver with E. coli RNA polymerase was stimulated up to five-fold with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) from rat liver. The transcription product had features of DNA-primed RNA. Neither cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA nor high or low molecular weight cytoplasmic poly(A)-lacking RNA from rat liver exhibited stimulation of transcription. The stimulatory effect seems to be confined to middle repetitive sequences of hnRNA. With purified DNA templates, addition of hnRNA resulted in complete inhibition of transcription. The stimulatory effect of hnRNA on chromatin transcription was also observed with endogenous RNA polymerase. This effect was dependent ionic strength and was most pronounced under conditions optimal for RNA-polymerase B activity.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1977

Transcription of rat DNA fractions reassociated to various cOt values.

Two fractions of rat liver DNA: "intermediate" (reassociated to COt = 1 - 10(2), moleXsecX1(-1)) and "slow" (COt = 10(2) - 10(5) showed differences in template activity on transcription with E. coli RNA-polymerase. The "intermediate" fraction both in double- and single-stranded form was a better template than the "slow" one. The efficiency of transcription dropped progressively for the template obtained at COt values increasing from 10(2) to 10(6). No differences in the template activity of the "intermediate" and "slow" fractions were observed when rifampicin-resistant transcription was studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Different alpha-adrenoreceptors in the central nervous system mediating biochemical and functional effects of clonidine and receptor blocking agents.

The influence of clonidine on alpha-adrenoreceptors in the central nervous system of rats and mice has been investigated. Both functional events due to postsynaptic receptor stimulation (flexor reflex activity, motor activity) and biochemical changes have been considered. 1. Clonidine was less potent in stimulating the hindlimb flexor reflex activity of spinal rats than in inhibiting the alpha-methyltyrosine-induced disappearance of noradrenaline in the spinal cord and in the whole brain of rats. 2. The increase in flexor reflex activity due to clonidine (0.4 mg/kg) was virtually completely inhibited by phenoxybenzamine (20 mg/kg) and haloperidol (10 mg/kg), was partially inhibited by yohimbine (10 mg/kg) and piperoxan (60 mg/kg) and was not significantly inhibited by yohimbine (3 mg/kg) and tolazoline (50 mg/kg). 3. The potentiation by clonidine of the apomorphine-induced locomotor stimulation of reserpine-treated mice was almost completely inhibited by phenoxybenzamine (20 mg/kg) but was not significantly affected by yohimbine (10 or 3 mg/kg) and only slightly inhibited by tolazoline (50 mg/kg). 4. Clonidine (0.1 mg/kg) caused a considerable inhibition of the alpha-methyltyrosine-induced disappearance of noradrenaline in the spinal cord and brain or rats and in the brain of mice. This effect of clonidine was completely antagonized by yohimbine (10 mg/kg). It was markedly antagonized by yohimbine (3 mg/kg), piperoxan (60 mg/kg) or tolazoline (50 mg/kg) but not by phenoxybenzamine (20 mg/kg) or haloperidol (10 mg/kg). 5. Clonidine (0.1 mg/kg) caused an inhibition of the accumulation of Dopa after decarboxylase inhibition in the noradrenaline-rich regions of the rat central nervous system. This effect was counteracted by yohimbine (10 mg/kg), piperoxan (60 mg/kg) or tolazoline (50 mg/kg) but not by phenoxybenzamine (20 mg/kg). 6. The postsynaptic functional effects and the biochemical effects of clonidine may be due to stimulation of different alpha-adrenoreceptors since the two effects were inhibited differently by various alpha-adrenoreceptor blocking agents and since the two effects were produced by different doses of clonidine. The alpha-adrenoreceptors mediating the biochemical changes might be located on the noradrenergic neurones.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Noradrenaline synthesis and utilization: control by nerve impulse flow under normal conditions and after treatment with alpha-adrenoreceptor blocking agents.

The changes in the synthesis and utilization or noradrenaline cranial and caudal to an acute section of the rat spinal cord have been used to investigate the importance of nerve impulses for these processes. 1. Cranial to a lesion of the spinal cord, the alpha-methyltyrosine-induced disappearance of noradrenaline was accelerated by the alpha-adrenoreceptor blocking agents yohimbine (10 mg/kg), piperoxan (60 mg/kg) and tolazoline (50 mg/kg). In the absence of nerve impulses caudal to a lesion of the spinal cord, this disappearance was decelerated as compared to that cranial to the lesion and it was not influenced by the three alpha-adrenoreceptor blocking agents. 2. The nialamide-induced accumulation of normetanephrine in the whole brain was increased by phenoxybenzamine (20 mg/kg) and yohimbine whereas it was decreased by the alpha-adrenoreceptor stimulating agent clonidine (0.1 mg/kg). The effect of clonidine was completely antagonized by yohimbine, but not by phenoxybenzamine, giving further evidence for the view that clonidine and yohimbine have a stronger effect than phenoxybenzamine on the alpha-adrenoreceptors regulating the release of noradrenaline induced by nerve impluses. 3. The accumulation of Dopa after decarboxylase inhibition cranial to a lesion of the spinal cord was accelerated by yohimbine, piperoxan and tolazoline, but not significantly affected by phenoxybenzamine and haloperidol (10 mg/kg). In the absence of nerve impulses caudal to a lesion of the spinal cord, the popa accumulation was decelerated as compared to that cranial to the lesion and it was not influenced by the former three alpha--adrenoreceptor blocking agents as well as by clonidine. 4. The results show that the synthesis and the utilization noradrenaline normally, as well as the accelerations of these processes by alpha-adrenoreceptor blocking agents, are dependent on nerve impulses. The stimulation of the synthesis and utilization of noradrenaline by nerve impulses might by influenced via the activity of teh alpha-adrenoreceptors located either on the nerve terminals or on the cell bodies or on both parts of the noradrenergic neurones. In the absence of nerve impulses, a receptor-mediated feedback mechanism similar to that described for the synthesis of dopamine does not appear to regulate the synthesis of noradrenaline.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Apomorphine in the rat nucleus accumbens: effects on the synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine and noradrenaline, the motor activity and the body temperature.

Apomorphine (10 mug) was injected bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens or the neostriatum of rats. The application of apomorphine to the nucleus accumbens, but not to the neostriatum, enhanced the accumulation of 5-hydroxytryptophan in the central nervous system following inhibition of the aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase. The effect was greatest in the brain stem particularly in the pons plus medulla oblongata. Similar but smaller rises were observed for the accumulation of DOPA in noradrenalinerich regions. The motor activity was increased and the body temperature was decreased by apomorphine in the nucleus accumbens, whereas smaller or no effects were obtained from the neostriatum.

Animals↗