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M Guibourdenche

Publications and source records attributed to M Guibourdenche.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Analysis of 190 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Yaounde from 1984 to 1987: auxotypes, plasmidic contents, antibiotic sensitivity].

Gonococcal infections are always a public health problem in Cameroon. From January 1984 to December 1987, 2,074 strains have been isolated in the "Centre Pasteur du Cameroun". Among these strains, 190 had been studied in details concerning antibiotic susceptibility, auxotypes and plasmidic content. Penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) were increasingly isolated: 32.28% (1984); 59.57% (1987). Auxotypes prototrophes and proline requiring were more often isolated. Plasmidic content showed essentially african type (with or without conjugative plasmid) but also asian type.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Sero-subtyping of group B, C, Y and A meningococci isolated in France in 1988.

During 1988, 291 strains of various serogroups (B, C, Y and A) isolated in France, have been sero and sub-typed. 74.5 p. cent of the strains were isolated from CSF and blood of patients; 25.4 p. cent were isolated from carriers. The "whole cell ELISA" procedure was used with monoclonal antibodies. The distribution of serotypes among serogroup B strains was as follows: serotype 1 (8.1 p. cent); 2a (19 p. cent); 2b (16.2 p. cent); 4 (20.2 p. cent); 14 (13.5 p. cent); 15 (23 p. cent): 40 p. cent remained non typable (NT). Among serogroup C strains serotype 2a represented 74.5 p. cent of the strains. Serogroup A strains were only of the serotype 4. Serogroup Y strains belonged to serotype 14 or were NT. Some associations between serotypes and subtypes were predominant such as B:2a:P1.2 or B:2b:P1.2 or B:4:P1.15 or B:15:P1.7. Among serogroup C strains the antigenic pattern C:2a:P1.2 was most prevalent.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1989

[Neisseria meningitidis: serogroup Y. Apropos of 38 cases].

Thirty-eight cases of infections due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup Y have been studied. They correspond to the strains sent to the Laboratory (Centre National de Référence since 1987). Their repartition was: meningitidis 9 cases, purpura fulminans (6), septicaemia (5), respiratory syndroms (11), asymptomatic carriage (4), various (3). Patients were 4 months to 86 years old. Mortality was 13.2%. One third or meningitis or meningococcemia happened in correlation with complement deficiency or splenectomy. In most of cases bacterial diagnosis was made by general laboratories but only in two cases over 38 the serogrouping Y was made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Spiramycin: in-vitro activity on Branhamella catarrhalis.

This in-vitro study of susceptibility to spiramycin of 103 strains of Branhamella catarrhalis isolated between 1982 and 1987 was performed by evaluation of their MICs. More than 97% of strains remained susceptible with MIC less than or equal to 8 mg/l (two strains). One strain presented a MIC of 16 mg/l. There were no significant differences of susceptibility to spiramycin between penicillinase-producing and non-producing strains.

Leucomycins↗
PubMed1988

[Tetracycline resistance and beta-lactamase production in pharyngeal commensal Neisseria].

Commensal Neisseria may constitute a potential source of resistance genes transferable to pathogenic Neisseria. We tested 150 strains of commensal Neisseria isolated from throat cultures for resistance to tetracycline and beta-lactamase production. Seven strains were high level tetracycline resistant (MIC greater than 16 mg/ml), and minocycline resistant. Only one strain carries a 40 kilobases plasmid. Seven strains were tetracycline resistant (MIC = 8 or 16 mg/l) and minocycline susceptible. Three strains were beta-lactamase producers. These strains were identified as Neisseria perflava or Neisseria sica.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Re-evaluation of single-dose treatment with thiamphenicol and spectinomycin of uncomplicated male gonococcal urethritis].

Gonococcal urethritis being highly contagious, the ideal treatment should be effective, well tolerated and relatively cheap. Among antibiotics fulfilling these conditions, thiamphenicol and spectinomycin are widely used throughout the world and particularly in France. However, the ever increasing incidence of infections caused by penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) strains, the growing number of strains with low sensitivity to penicillin and/or other antibiotics and the recent emergence of strains that are highly resistant to penicillin make it necessary from time to time to re-evaluate the main therapeutic approaches to gonococcal urethritis. In this study thiamphenicol and spectinomycin were compared for effectiveness as single-dose treatments of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis in 207 male patients who consulted at the Clinical and Biological Centre for Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, during April and May, 1985. Prior to the trial the patients had not received antibiotics for at least 2 weeks. They were allocated at random to two therapeutic groups: 89 patients received a single 2.5 g dose of thiamphenicol orally, and 84 patients received a single 2 g dose of spectinomycin by intramuscular injection. In every case the gonococcal origin of the urethritis had been confirmed by culture. The patients were examined 3 to 7 days after treatment for clinical and bacteriological evaluation. Specimens were cultivated on agar-blood medium, and N. gonorrhoeae was also identified by biochemical and antigenic reactions. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the two antibiotics were determined by the agar plate dilution method, using an agar nutrient medium. The possible production of beta-lactamase and the auxotypic and plasmidic profiles of the PPNG strains were investigated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Structure of the exocellular D-glucan produced by Neisseria polysaccharea.

Neisseria polysaccharea (LNP 462, NCTC 11858), proposed as a prototype strain constituting a new taxon in the genus Neisseria, produces copious amounts of polysaccharide when grown on agar containing 1-5% sucrose. Plate-grown cells produced an exocellular polysaccharide which was composed of D-glucose, had [alpha]D +222 degrees (water), and was shown from composition, specific optical rotation, methylation, enzymic hydrolysis, and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies to have an amylopectinlike structure containing mainly 1,4-linked alpha-D-glucopyranosyl residues, but also containing ca. 6% 4,6-di-O-substituted alpha-D-glucopyranosyl branch points.

Centrifugation↗
PubMed1986

Branhamella catarrhalis. New methods of bacterial diagnosis.

A total of 176 strains identified as Branhamella catarrhalis were isolated from various clinical specimens, mainly sputum (71), pharynx (49), eye (24), nose (11), ear (6) and tracheal aspirate (7). B. catarrhalis appeared as Gram-negative cocci in white colonies which were oxidase- and catalase-positive and which did not produce acidification of sugars. The 3 related species, Neisseria caviae, N. ovis and N. cuniculi were also white but the 'true asaccharolytic Neisseria' studied presented a yellow pigment. Only a few strains of B. catarrhalis were able to grow on selective medium. However, when Catlin's chemically defined medium was used, all strains of B. catarrhalis had a unique requirement for arginine. This characteristic differentiated B. catarrhalis from N. caviae and N. ovis (non-requiring), N. cuniculi (required cystine, proline and arginine) and N. canis and N. elongata (both non-requiring). All strains of B. catarrhalis reduced nitrate and nitrite, possessed deoxyribonuclease activity and hydrolysed tributyrin to butyric acid. B. catarrhalis liberated high concentrations of butyric acid, N. caviae, N. ovis and N. cuniculi moderate concentrations and other species of Neisseria minimal concentrations. All strains of B. catarrhalis were resistant to acetazolamide and the absence of gamma-glutamyl transferase activity differentiated B. catarrhalis from atypical meningococci which were always positive.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1986

Detection, distribution and inhibition of Branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamases.

Beta-lactamase-producing isolates of Branhamella catarrhalis were first detected in France in 1977. The frequency of beta-lactamase producers has increased, especially since 1980. An agar iodometric test, a fast chromogenic test and an acidimetric test were used to assess the beta-lactamase-producing capabilities of 188 isolates of B. catarrhalis obtained mainly from sputum and the pharynx. Data from the first 2 procedures indicated positive beta-lactamase activity for all 49 strains of B. catarrhalis identified, but there were some discrepancies in the acidimetric test results. Evidence from a diffusion technique showed significant increases in the inhibition diameters surrounding filter discs impregnated with amoxycillin in the presence of clavulanic acid, or with ampicillin in the presence of sulbactam, compared with discs of the penicillins used alone. Two types of enzyme activity emerged from examination of isoelectric focusing patterns. Type I, having pI values of 5.35, 5.55 and 5.85, accounted for 87.2% of the enzyme-producing isolates. Type II, with pIs of 5.5, 5.9 and 6.25, occurred in 12.8% of isolates and appeared to be less widely distributed. The beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid and sulbactam in combination with benzylpenicillin produced potentiated effects, as demonstrated by significant reductions in MIC (33- and 44-fold decreases, respectively). Higher concentrations of each inhibitor similarly affected the MICs of amoxycillin. A weak synergy occurred with cefoxitin, a beta-lactamase-resistant beta-lactam antibiotic, and the 2 beta-lactamase inhibitors. Because B. catarrhalis has been shown to be a beta-lactamase-producing pathogenic organism, the addition of enzyme inhibitors, such as clavulanic acid and sulbactam, to standard therapy may be beneficial.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Antibiotic susceptibility of 83 penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated in France (May 1979-April 1983).

Antibiotic susceptibility testing of 83 strains of penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae PPNG isolated in France (May 1979-April 1983). Study of the action of light antibiotics: penicillin G, spectinomycin, thiamphenicol, tetracycline, kanamycin, pristinamycin, streptomycin and cefoxitin. Comparison (on two media) with the susceptibility of five proposed WHO reference strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Auxotypes and serogroups of penicillinase producing and non-producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Franceville, Gabon.

The auxotypes and serogroups of 250 consecutive isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Franceville, Gabon, including 33 penicillinase producing (PPNG) strains, were identified and the results tabulated for four periods. The PPNG and certain non-PPNG strains were isolated in clusters against a relatively stable pattern of non-PPNG biotypes. Most of the non-PPNG strains were non-requiring or proline requiring strains of serogroup WII or non-requiring strains that could not be grouped with commercially available antisera. No strain requiring arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil was observed. The PPNG strains were all serogroup WI or ungroupable and non-requiring or proline or arginine dependent auxotypes. Only one non-PPNG strain required proline or arginine and was not serogroup WII.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1985

[Gonococcus producers of beta-lactamase isolated in Dakar. Sensitivity to different antibiotics, auxotype and plasmid content].

More than 12.5% of gonococci isolated in Dakar during the first six months of 1984 were penicillinase producers (PPNG). PPNG strains were susceptible to a number of antibiotics: spectinomycin, thiamphenicol and tetracycline. No significant differences were found between distribution of auxotypes in PPNG and in non-penicillinase producing strains. Study of plasmidic content of PPNG (36 strains isolated from 1981 to 1984) revealed that 68.75% were of the "African" type and 31.25% of the "South-East Asian" type. Ratio of isolation of these two plasmidic content types remained consistent throughout the last four years. The criteria defined in 1977 to classify PPNG into two types need to be reviewed, specifically with regard to geographical areas, auxotype and tetracycline susceptibility. We found a significant correlation between the 4.5 Md plasmid (bla+) and the auxotype (PRO-). This finding has been reported by other authors but has not yet been explained.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Epidemiological surveillance of beta-lactamase producing gonococci. I. Auxotyping of 83 strains isolated in France (May 1979-April 1983)].

Ever since they appeared in France, in 1979, penicillinase-producing gonococci have been isolated with increasing frequency. From May, 1979 to April, 1983, eighty-three strains were studied at the Neisseria laboratory. While new resistances to antibiotics can be studied in any laboratory specialized in clinical bacteriology, tests devised for epidemiological purposes can only be performed in a specialized laboratory. This is the case with auxotyping by the Catlin technique. The distribution of auxotypes in a given region over a given period is fairly regular and some distributions are found in the same geographical areas. The fact that the distribution of auxotypes of 83 penicillinase-producing strains significantly differed from that of 594 strains isolated during the same period clearly shows that these strains are not implanted in France and can be regarded as imported. It is suggested that auxotyping should be used for the epidemiological surveillance of extension or implantation of these strains.

France↗
PubMed1984

Stable serum resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as an epidemiological marker.

Using a simple and rapid microassay, we tested 100 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from 81 patients (41 men and 40 women) for their sensitivity to killing by normal human serum (NHS). The reproducibility of the test was good when the bactericidal end points were taken as the dilution of fresh NHS that killed more than 95% of the test organisms. The bactericidal end points of strains isolated either from different anatomical sites or from sexual partners correlated well with the levels of sensitivity to serum of corresponding isolates, as well as with auxotypes. When the strains were not highly resistant to killing by NHS, this marker gave a precise definition of each strain and permitted the differentiation of isolates belonging to common auxotypes.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1984

[Epidemiological surveillance of beta-lactamase-producing gonococci. II--Characterization of plasmids of 66 strains isolated in France (May 1979-March 1983)].

Penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae PPNG (66 strains have been examined for the presence of plasmids coding for bêta-lactamase. The 3.2 Mdal plasmid was present in 27/66 (41%) of strains. The 4.5 Mdal plasmid was present in 30/66 (45%) of strains. The association 2.6 Mdal 4.5 Mdal plasmids were only present in 9/66 (13.6%) of strains. The cryptic plasmid of 2.6 Mdal was always present.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗