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M Guibourdenche

Publications and source records attributed to M Guibourdenche.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Epidemiologic approach to gonococcal infections in Senegal through the study of auxotypes].

287 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Dakar during a 26 months period (April 1981-May 1983) were sent to Pasteur Institute of Paris for auxotyping. They are distributed in (+): 56%, (PRO-): 21%, (ARG-): 13%, and nine minor auxotypes to the exclusion of (AHU-). Auxotypes distribution according to the sex, the kind of samples and the race do not give proof of significant difference. Monthly distribution shows an endemic circulation of auxotypes (+) and (PRO-), as well as an unstability of auxotype (ARG-) that was prevailing in early months. 22 strains of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (among which the first strains isolated in Senegal) belong to auxotypes (+), (PRO-) and (PRO-, ARG-). This distribution does not differ from that of non-producer strains. Gonococcal auxotyping provides an useful epidemiologic marker in order to search after the source of a contamination, to discern a failure of the treatment from a later infection and, on a wide plan, to survey the resistant strains spreading.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Epidemiologic markers of Neisseria (author's transl)].

The world-wide increase of gonococcal infections and meningococcal infections should incite to face up all necessary means of checking which can be actually envisaged against these diseases. The major phenomenon regarding gonococcal infections is the appearance, since 1976, of plasmidic resistance by a beta-lactamase secretion. Two different types of strains have been described: one originating from West-Africa, the other one from South-East Asia (that latter presenting a conjugating plasmid to totalizing 24,5 M-daltons involving coding plasmid for beta-lactamase). Among approximately thirty strains isolated in France, these ones appear to be equally shared out between these two types, following the results of our actual studies. Catlin's auxotype, which has been used in France and in some African countries (study in progress) tends to confirm the previous studies: auxotypes variations according to clinical forms an geographical distribution of strains. The other markers described in the literature are debated. As to meningococcus serogoups that we have carried out, they show a distribution well known in France, i.e. group B is largely predominating, groups A and C coming afterwards. It should be noted the appearance of some cases caused by groups Y and W135. The first results obtained thanks to serotyping, according to Frasch's technique appear to show a majority of type 2 or 2-associated in cases of diseases as other authors have proved.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Inhabitual sites for Neisseria and Branhamella].

The authors bring together a bibliographical study and their own personal results concerning inhabitual sites for Neisseria and Branhamella. Among various species, gonococci (N. gonorrhoeae) and meningococci (N. meningitidis) may either be manifest pathogenic agents or exist in asymptomatic carrier states and they are found in normal microflora. Other species of Neisseria and Branhamella may be opportunistic pathogenic bacteria isolated in diverse infections. The utility of complete bacteriological diagnosis is emphasized for all of these cases.

Cardiovascular System↗
PubMed1977

[Bacteriological diagnosis of species of the genera Neisseria and Branhamella].

Various technics of swabbing and isolation are described here in the search for bacteria of the genera Neisseria and Branhamella. The methods of staining the most commonly used for direct examination are mentioned, and the media of transport and isolation useful in particular for the gonococcus and meningococcus. Thus isolation of the bacteria permits during a second stage to culture and identify various species in the light of their cultural, biochemical and serological properties. The study of their sensitivity to antibiotics in vitro is easy to carry out, but it requires certain precautions and it will be described in detail in another publication.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The envelope structure of Branhamella catarrhalis as studied by transmission electron microscopy.

The envelope structure of Branhamella catarrhalis was studied by electron microscopy and compared with that of other bacteria of the family Neisseriaceae, such as Moraxella lacunata subsp. liquefaciens and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Negative staining of B. catarrhalis showed a mamilliform surface similar to that of Moraxella. On thin sections, the cell wall appeared to be made up of a wavy outer membrane tightly linked to a straight peptidoglycan layer. Spicule-like structures protruded from the cell surface. Ruthenium red staining revealed that they contained polysaccharides. While the outer polysaccharide layer of N. gonorrhoeae was unstable after repeated subcultures in vitro, this layer remained stable in B. catarrhalis and in Moraxella lacunata subsp. liquefaciens.

Cell Wall↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new taxon in the genus Neisseria.

Among 3,520 strains of Neisseria and Branhamella received in the laboratory during the last seven years, 13 could not be speciated. These 13 strains (Neisseria sp. group) were isolated from the throats of healthy children in Europe and Africa. The Neisseria sp. group oxidized glucose and maltose similarly to N. meningitidis. The observation of polysaccharide synthesis prompted the authors to examine the genomic relationship between the Neisseria sp. group and the type strains of all species of Neisseria and Branhamella. Additional phenotypic characteristics were also examined. Results indicated that the 13 strains in this study belong to the genus Neisseria, in which they constitute one homogenous hybridization group. They belong to the same genospecies as N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. flavescens and N. lactamica. However, they differ from N. meningitidis in production of polysaccharides, growth requirements and the lack of gamma-glutamyl transferase activity.

Genotype↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness among Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. lactamica, N. cinerea and "Neisseria polysaccharea".

Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness studies (S1 nuclease method with DE-81 filters method) indicated that Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. lactamica and "N. polysaccharea" form a single genospecies, in which four subspecies can be delineated. However, from a clinical and practical viewpoint, it seems desirable to maintain N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. lactamica and "N. polysaccharea" as separate species. N. cinerea is a valid species, closely related to N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. lactamica and "N. polysaccharea". These five species were O to 46% related to the other known species of the genus Neisseria.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[gamma-Glutamyl-transferase activity in the family "Neisseriaceae" (author's transl)].

Members of the family Neisseriaceae (554 strains) were screened for gamma-glutamyl-transferase (gamma GT) activity. gamma GT was produced by Neisseria meningitidis but not produced by any strain of N. gonorrhoeae, N. lactamica and Branhamella catarrhalis. Most non-proteolytic Acinetobacter calcoaceticus produced gamma GT whereas most A. lwoffii failed to produce gamma GT.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by disk-agar diffusion.

Using two different culture media we have determined, by the agar dilution method, the minimal inhibitory concentrations of five antibiotics against eighty strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and compared the results with those obtained with the disk-agar diffusion technique. With one medium, under defined conditions of inoculum, we found a close statistical correlation for penicillin G, cefotaxime, tetracycline and thiamphenicol with linear regression coefficients (r) ranging from --0.9457 to -0.7400 but not for spectinomycin (r = -0.2503). The technique described also allows easy detection of beta-lactamase-producing strains of gonococci.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Auxotyping and sensitivity to 5 antibiotics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated in the Central African Republic 1980 and 1981].

Auxotyping of 113 gonococcal strains isolated in Bangui (Central African Republic) demonstrated a majority of type "+" and type "PRO-" with an equal repartition between these two types (54 and 56). The study of the sensitivity to 5 antibiotics was realized with 74 strains. It was shown an increasing resistance to penicillins. One strain was a penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG).

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hydrolysis of tributyrin by species of "Neisseria" and "Branhamella" (author's transl)].

A comparative study of 60 strains of Neisseriaceae was done using 4 different substrates: tween 20, tween 80, tributyrin and naphthylmyristate. Production of butyric acid from tributyrin was measured by gas chromatography. Strains of the genus Branhamella produced large amounts of butyric acid, whereas strains of the genus Neisseria produced little amounts. Evidence of lipolytic activity can be used to separate Branhamella from Neisseria. A biochemical method is described using a buffered medium containing tributyrin and phenol red which can best separate lipolytic and non-lipolytic strains of Neisseriaceae. All B. catarrhalis gave positive results as well as related species B. caviae, B. ovis and B. cuniculi. All Neisseria strains gave negative results.

Butyrates↗