Experience with PCR screening.
The COBAS AmpliScreen Hepatitis C (HCV) Test, Version 2.0, which is designed for screening pools composed of samples from individual units of blood or plasma, employs a MultiPrep sample processing procedure that simultaneously extracts and concentrates HCV, HIV-1 and Hepatitis B virus particles from plasma. An HCV Internal Control (IC) RNA serves as an extraction and amplification control for each independently processed sample. Processed samples are amplified by RT-PCR using HCV-specific complementary primers and detected by hybridization of the amplified products to HCV- and IC-specific oligonucleotide probes. The analytical sensitivity of the test is 25 International Units (IU) of HCV per mL of pooled plasma; all HCV genotypes are detected with similar efficiency. The test detected HCV RNA 23 to 32 days prior to anti-HCV antibody seroconversion for four of the five seroconversion panels tested. The test had sufficient sensitivity to reproducibly detect a single infected unit containing 2.4 x 10(3) copies of HCV per mL in a pool with 23 uninfected units. COBAS AmpliScreen tests for HIV-1 and HBV now being validated by Roche Molecular Systems also incorporate the MultiPrep specimen processing method, thereby making it possible to use a single processed specimen to screen for all three viruses.