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Biomedical subjects

M Haider

Publications and source records attributed to M Haider.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Blood lipid and blood glucose changes during single, multiple and repeated stress].

As soon as various stressors exceed specific thresholds they induce marked metabolic changes in the organism. In a number of studies these facts have been verified experimentally. In our investigations we were able to demonstrate that the pattern of stress-induced changes differs after single and multiple stress exposures and that metoblic alterations in repeated stress situations are modified by habituative and adaptative processes respectively. Stress-induced metabolic mechanisms differently develop for blood lipid fractions and blood glucose. The described mechanisms are explained according to the functions of these blood parameters during stress exposures. The differential analysis of these alterations may be important for the prevention of stress-induced metabolic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Annoyance and loudness measurements in auditory fatigue and recovery under different sound exposures].

In the course of two experimental studies the individual evaluations of noise annoyance during sound exposure were compared with the experimental auditory fatigue (TTS) and the recovery functions. In both studies, in fourteen young men with normal hearing capacity, a temporary threshold shift was built up and then the subjects were submitted during the recovery period to different second-noise levels (narrow band noise and white noise). The loudness estimations and the evaluations of noise annoyance were scaled at the same points as TTS was measured. The poststimulatory recovery of hearing was significantly delayed, even at noise levels of 65 and 75 db. The evaluations of loudness and noise annoyance corresponded well with the recovery of hearing. In the first experiment, the mean values of noise annoyance ratings increased after 16 min of the second noise exposure, in spite of a further decrement of auditory fatigue. In the second experiment, the mean values of noise annoyance ratings remained almost unchanged during the secondary noise exposure. Regarding individual evaluations, however, the noise annoyance ratings of half of the subjects increased whereas the other half decreased. These results are interpreted as a habituation respectively a sensitization process.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of lung cancer risks for dust workers, asbestos-cement workers and control groups.

In a prospective study, 1630 men exposed to dust for long periods (foundry workers and workers in metal, ceramics, glass, stone and other industries) and 1630 controls not exposed to dust were registered between the years 1950 and 1960; the population comprised workmen living in Vienna and born in 1910 or before. Controls were matched according to age and smoking habits. Causes of deaths were followed up to 1976 from official death certificates, mainly issued by hospitals with routine autopsy. General mortality was higher in the dust-exposed group, and there was a significant excess of deaths from lung cancer: 1.5 times higher than that for controls, 1.6 times higher than that for other Viennese men of the same age and 2.1 times higher than that for Austrian men. There were no excess deaths from lung cancer up to the age of 60. It is evident that only long exposure times raise the lung cancer risk for dust-exposed workers. In a historical prospective study of asbestos-cement workers and control groups, using the same criteria of sex, age and exposure time, the preliminary data show an age-standardized relative risk of 1.5 for asbestos-cement workers compared with cement workers, but no excess risk in comparison with the local and general population.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Hemodynamic long-term evaluation after total correction of tetralogy of fallot operated upon as adults (author's transl)].

22 Fallot patients who had surgery after 21 years of age were thoroughly checked on an average of 11 years postoperatively. The mean functional classification according to the New York Heart Association was 1.5. Hemodynamic studies revealed excellent results. The mean systolic gradient across the pulmonary valve (delta p) was 14 mm Hg at rest and 31 mm Hg during exercise. The data assessed during exercise show that one cannot truly speak of a "total correction". Right ventricular systolic and enddiastolic pressures were elevated as well as the enddiastolic and endsystolic volumes. Right ventricular ejection fraction was significantly diminished (45%). Our results show that there was no significant difference between the patients with or without an outflow tract patch. Pulmonary insufficiency apparently bears no negative influence on long-term prognosis up to 11 years postoperatively in patients operated for tetralogy of Fallot.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Endemic pleural plaques and environmental factors (author's transl)].

In an agricultural town in Burgenland (Austria) we found an increased prevalence of pleural plaques. These calcifying thickenings of the pleura are related to minimal asbestos exposure such as is mesothelioma, but they cannot be regarded as a precancerosis. The increased occurrence of pleural plaques in this town of nearly 3500 inhabitants (in which during 1916 to 1945 asbestos was mined) we first found at the chest x-ray archives of a pulmologic hospital, then by mass radiography and blind comparison with control groups. A photofluoroscopy of 300 persons yielded 16 cases with definite pleural plaques (5.3%) among which were 4 cases with suspected asbestosis and another 14 cases with uncertain pleural plaques (4.7%). The 600 control persons showed no such radiological changes. Interviews wich persons detected for pleural plaques at mass radiography gave no indication that they had occupational asbestos exposure. But asbestos was detected in the soil of vineyards and in the dust of the houses. Asbestos was also detectable in the atmospheric dust by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic techniques.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1977

[Results of the Austrian myocardial infarction study on the effects of streptokinase (author's transl)].

A multicentre study of cases of acute myocardial infarction was undertaken at 27 departments at teaching and non-teaching hospitals throughout Austria over a period of three years. Altogether 3397 patients were investigated. On classification of the patients according to the number of shock indicators, two comparable groups (B and C) of "mild" infarction with 0, 1 or 2 signs of shock were obtained. These low-risk groups comprised 728 patients. The mortality in group C ("mild" infarction, no streptokinase) was 17.3%, significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than the corresponding figure of 10.5% in group B ("mild" infarct, streptokinase therapy). The decrease in mortality by streptokinase therapy applied both to monitored patients as well as to those who were not monitored. Haemorrhage was a very rare complication, but somewhat more frequent in the streptokinase-treated cases, as expected. The incidence of complications such as stereocardia, asystole, and cardiac insufficiency, as well as the conversion of "mild" cases into a "severe" symptomatology was markedly reduced in the streptokinase-treated group.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Stress-induced blood protein and blood lipid changes and their dependence on learning and conditioning].

Rats were subjected to two kinds of stress and consequent changes in blood protein and lipids were investigated. Furthermore, an attempt was made to ascertain whether or not increases or decreases in these blood parameters were reproducible by conditioning. In the first experiment animals were subjected to stress in a modified running wheel (Noble Collip drum). A series of 10 conditional stimuli (light-sound combined) was delivered together with the stress-producing stimulus. After the first exposure to stress a relative alpha1-globulin increase was observed. After 10 stress exposures the hitherto neutral stimulus alone produced a conditioned increase in the alpha1-globulin fraction. The gamma-globulin values were decreased after the first exposure to stress, but increased after 10 stress exposures. This increase could also be conditioned. In the second experiment "white noise" stress was used (110 dB). The conditional stimulus was light. After short exposure to the stress-inducing stimulus, the gamma-globulins showed a slight drop and remained thus during the whole experiment. The analysis of blood lipids showed increased stress values for alpha-lipoprotiens and reduced values for beta-fractions. Cholesterol and triglycerides reacted like the beta-lipoproteins. The total blood lipid content was, however, increased. The conditioned increase in alpha-lipoproteins and total lipids was statisticallysignigicant. It is noteworthy that the conditioned alpha-lipoprotein levels shoeed significant differences between experimental and control groups. The conditioned stress increased the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, whereas under real stress conditions decreases were found. Research on "conditioned stress" could beof improtance in regard to clinical aspects of coronary heart disease.

Animals↗