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Biomedical subjects

M Hannuksela

Publications and source records attributed to M Hannuksela.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Frequency of sensitisation to the preservative Kathon CG.

The incidences of sensitisation to Kathon CG are reported for patients routinely tested from 1984 to 1986 in Bari, London, Louvain, Nijmegen, Oulu and San Francisco. For these 3 years, the overall frequency of sensitisation varied for women from 3.3% in Oulu to 0.6% in London and San Francisco and for men from 1.4% in Oulu to 0% in San Francisco. Women were predominantly sensitised, probably by cosmetics, toiletries and domestic cleaners. Occupational sensitisation was much less frequent.

Cosmetics↗
PubMed1988

Effects of sorbitan sesquioleate on non-immunologic immediate contact reactions to benzoic acid.

In order to study the effects of an emulsifier on non-immunologic immediate contact reactions, 500, 250, 125, 62, and 31 mM benzoic acid (BA) was tested in 12 medical students on a skin area of the upper back treated with sorbitan sesquioleate in yellow petrolatum (20:80) 3 times daily for 2 days and on a contralateral skin area treated with petrolatum. The test areas were visually observed and the changes in the skin blood flow were monitored using laser-Doppler flowmetry 40 min after application. The reactions to 250 and 125 mM BA in petrolatum were stronger on the skin area treated with sorbitan sesquioleate than on the reference site treated with petrolatum. In visual observation and in laser-Doppler flowmetry, BA in the mixture of sorbitan sesquioleate and petrolatum (20:80) produced weaker reactions than in petrolatum, both on the sorbitan sesquioleate treated skin site and on the site treated with petrolatum.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

European multicenter study of the TRUE Test.

A new, standardized, ready-to-apply patch test, the TRUE Test, has been evaluated on 698 consecutive patients with suspected contact dermatitis. The patients were tested with 12 different allergens. Simultaneously, the same 12 allergens in pet. (Trolab) were applied symmetrically to the opposite side of the upper back using the conventional Finn Chamber technique. There were positive test reactions to all 12 allergens tested in the patient group. The concordance of positive reactions between the TRUE Test and the Finn Chamber test was 67%; 13% of all positive reactions were recorded only for the TRUE Test and 20% only for the Finn Chamber method. The frequency of questionable and irritant reactions was of the same low order of magnitude for both test methods; such reactions were recorded in around 2% of all test patches.

Allergens↗
PubMed1988

The sauna, skin and skin diseases.

The aesthetic pleasure of the Finnish sauna may be disturbed by an intense itch caused by sweating in a few people with atopic dermatitis. The heat of the sauna may also initiate cholinergic urticaria. The sauna itself does not cause drying of the skin although incorrect washing habits may lead to this. The use of soap is adviced especially in the anogenital region and armpits, but the use of a washing brush and sponge is not adviced. Sauna bathing facilitates the removal of hyperkeratotic scales in psoriasis, and the use of petrolatum, emollient creams or topical antipsoriatic regimens has been found to be beneficial for many patients. Dermatophytes and other infective microorganisms are easily killed by the heat of the sauna. The pleasing sensations in the skin after sauna bathing are thus only very seldom disturbed by itches or some other unpleasant consequence.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Hypersensitivity reactions to food additives.

Only seldom have food additives been shown to cause true allergic (immunological) reactions. Adverse effects due to various pharmacological or other mechanisms are much more common. The individual tolerance may be decreased for one reason or another, and may fluctuate from time to time. Many patients suffering from food additive reactions have atopic constitutions and such clinical symptoms as flexural dermatitis, rhinitis and asthma. The most important skin symptoms caused by food additives are urticaria, angioneurotic edema, and contact urticaria. Azo dyes, benzoic acid and several other common food additives may aggravate or, more rarely, even cause urticaria. Spices are one of the most common causes of immunological contact urticaria. Non-immunological contact urticaria is produced by numerous spices, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, cinnamic acid, and many essential oils. Asthma and rhinitis are the main hypersensitivity symptoms in the respiratory tract, and azo dyes, benzoic acid, and sulfitic food additives are the most common causative agents. Systemic and respiratory reactions to food colorants and benzoates have been claimed to occur more frequently in acetylsalicylic acid- (ASA-)sensitive patients than in non-reactors. Hypersensitivity reactions in organs other than the skin and respiratory tract are rare or poorly documented. Psychological factors play an essential role in both food and food additive reactions.

Dermatitis↗
PubMed1987

Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits non-immunologic contact urticaria.

To investigate the mechanisms of non-immunologic contact urticaria (NICU), the effects of 1g + 1g of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on contact reactions to methyl nicotinate, diethyl fumarate, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, cinnamic aldehyde and dimethyl sulfoxide were studied in 21 test subjects. Erythema and edema reactions were observed visually, and the changes in the skin blood flow were monitored using laser-Doppler flowmetry. ASA had a significant inhibitory effect on erythema from all 6 agents and also on edema from all substances except dimethyl sulfoxide. The mechanism of the effect may be a result of the inhibitory influence of ASA on prostaglandin bioformation. Thus, to avoid false negative test results, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should not be used during NICU tests.

Acrolein↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis of dermatologic food allergy.

Fifty-seven children under 1 year of age, 43 children aged 12 to 35 months, and 42 children aged 3 to 15 years with atopic dermatitis were skin tested with foods suspected to have caused their dermatitis and other possible allergic symptoms. At least one positive skin test reaction was seen in 66% of the youngest children, in 21% in the second group, and in 50% of the oldest children. At least 24 out of 37 skin test-positive cases in the youngest group had allergic symptoms after ingested foods. The corresponding number among 1 to 3-year-old children was seven out of nine skin test-positive cases, and 14 out of 21 cases in the last group. Hen egg was the most common food allergen in children under 1 year of age. After that age, apple, carrot, pea, and soybean elicited positive reactions as often as egg. Among skin test-negative children there were five cases reacting with abdominal and skin symptoms to milk and one child who had abdominal pain and diarrhea after cereals. In conclusion, skin tests are often of great value in the diagnosis of dermatologic food allergy. Allergen avoidance diets and peroral challenge tests are needed for judging the clinical relevance of the skin test result and also for detecting untoward reactions to foods caused by other mechanisms than IgE-mediated atopic allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The carcinogenic properties of topical PUVA. A lifelong study in mice.

The tumorigenic properties of topical methoxsalen (8-MOP) and trioxsalen (TMP) plus ultraviolet light A (UVA) were studied in NMRI female mice. The animals were treated three times weekly for 9 months, and followed up for 18 months. Acetonic solutions of TMP (0.1 mg in 0.2 ml) and 8-MOP (0.6 mg in 0.2 ml) were applied to the shaved back skin of the mice and irradiated with UVA. The doses needed to elicit equivalent phototoxic effects were 0.29 J/cm2 in the TMP group and 1.09 J/cm2 in the 8-MOP group. Papillomas, keratoacanthomas, and squamous cell carcinomas developed in the 8-MOP group only, and the first tumor was seen at 10 months after the beginning of the study. The results suggest that the carcinogenicity of these two modes of photochemotherapy may differ.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Peroral challenge tests with food additives in urticaria and atopic dermatitis.

Double-blind, placebo controlled challenge tests with benzoic acid butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, beta-carotene, beta-8-apo-carotenal, and sodium metabisulfite were made in 44 cases of chronic urticaria, 91 cases of atopic dermatitis, and 123 cases of contact dermatitis, as a comparison group. Positive reactions were seen in four patients, two of whom had urticaria, one atopic dermatitis, and one contact dermatitis. Two of these reactions were caused by the placebo, one in a patient with urticaria and the other in a contact dermatitis patient. For one patient who reacted to the placebo and one who reacted to benzoic acid, the challenges were repeated with positive results in both instances. In nine patients, equivocal test results were produced with all the active substances and the placebo, but in all nine cases, retesting 4 days later produced negative results. This suggests that common food additives are seldom if ever of significance as precipitating factors in chronic urticaria or atopic dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Softisan--a new vehicle for patch testing.

Petrolatum is a good vehicle for many patch test allergens, because it is stable, unreactive, and allergy to it is rare. Some difficulties exist, however, when water-soluble allergens are tested, because emulsifiers are often needed; these can change the properties of both the test material and the vehicle itself. In the present study, we compared petrolatum with a new lanolin substitute based on vegetable fatty acids as a patch test vehicle for nickel sulphate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The repeated open application test (ROAT).

Repeated open application tests (ROATs) were performed with common ingredients of vehicles in 86 patients with contact dermatitis. The substances were applied twice daily for 7 days to the flexor aspect of the forearm near the cubital fossa, unless dermatitis appeared earlier. Of the patients with a questionable (?+) patch test result, 44% were positive in ROATs. The corresponding figure was 80% in the patients with a positive (+ or ++) response in the patch test, when the results of ROAT with propylene glycol were excluded. Only 5 of 14 patients reacting to 30% or to 10% propylene glycol but not to 1% in water in patch testing, showed a positive result to a cream containing 5% propylene glycol in ROAT. All 5 patients with a positive patch test reaction to 1% propylene glycol reacted to 5% propylene glycol in ROAT. The results suggest that ROATs should be performed more often, especially in patients in whom little known or new allergens are suspected as being the cause of allergic contact dermatitis.

Alcohols↗
PubMed1986

Rapid increase in contact allergy to Kathon CG in Finland.

In unselected eczema patients subjected to routine patch testing, the number with positive reactions to Kathon CG 100 ppm increased from none in 1983 to 0.7% in January-August 1985, and to 4.6% in September 1985 to March 1986. Repeated open application tests (ROAT) with creams containing 7-15 ppm of the isothiazolinones were positive in 12 of 24 patients tested. 2 of the ROAT-positive cases had negative patch tests to 100 ppm Kathon CG, but 1 was positive with 200 ppm. Atopic dermatitis, chronic hand dermatitis and lower leg dermatitis were the most common disorders in the positive patients. The cause of the rapid increase of Kathon CG allergy in Finland during the winter of 1985-1986 was the use of a popular moisturizing cream containing first 19 ppm, then 7 ppm of a mixture of 2 isothiazolinones (Euxyl K 100).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Ultraviolet light therapy in atopic dermatitis.

In 1979-1981, 107 patients with atopic dermatitis were treated with Psorilux 9050 emitting 1.24 mW/cm2 at 280-315 nm and 7.33 mW/cm2 at 315-400 nm. Half of the patients received one treatment course, 20% 2-3 courses, and one third more than 3 treatment courses. A good result was obtained in 93% of the cases but in the other cases the treatment was either ineffective or the patients were too sensitive to the radiation. After the treatment, the need for treatment with topical corticosteroids had decreased in one half of the patients and increased in only 2% of them. In 1982-1983, 89 atopics were treated with Metec Helarium model 1480, emitting both UVB and UVA (310-340 nm, with a peak at 320-330 nm). One treatment course, 3-45 weeks (mean 19 weeks), was given to 69 patients, and two treatment courses to 20 patients. The treatment was effective in 94% of the patients. The others did not respond. After the treatment, the need of treatment with topical corticosteroids had decreased in 85% of the cases, and increased in none. Psorilux therapy caused II degree burns in two patients and erythema lasting greater than 24 hours in 11 patients. Erythema was encountered in 14 patients receiving Metec Helarium therapy but in no cases II degree burns. Seventeen patients received both Psorilux and Metec Helarium therapies and 14 of them preferred the latter.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Ultraviolet light therapy in chronic urticaria.

Fifteen patients with chronic urticaria were treated with ultraviolet light B (UVB) for 1-3 months during the spring 1984 and a follow-up study was performed in November 1984-January 1985. Patients with cold urticaria, cholinergic urticaria and dermographism became clearly better or got rid of their symptoms more often than those with "non-specific" chronic urticaria. The good results achieved during the phototherapy held during the summer but in the autumn urticaria became worse in one third of the cases. The result suggests that UV-therapy might be worth trying in many patients with chronic urticaria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Long term results of topical trioxsalen PUVA in lichen planus and nodular prurigo.

Bath and ointment trioxsalen PUVAs were used in the treatment of 75 patients with lichen planus and 63 patients with nodular prurigo. The mean cumulative UVA dose during the primary treatment episode of 2-4 weeks was only about 7 J/cm2. In lichen planus the result was good in 80% of the patients. During the 2-5 years follow-up time 25% of the patients had a relapse. In nodular prurigo the result was good in 81% of the patients after the primary treatment. After the 1-6 years follow-up time 18% of the patients were totally healed and about 90% had got at least some help of the treatment, but in most patients the disease had relapsed and further treatment was needed to maintain the result. Neither malignant skin tumors nor PUVA lentigines developed in any of the patients.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1985

Connective tissue alterations in skin exposed to natural and therapeutic UV-radiation.

Aging of human skin represents a complex situation where several factors contribute to the age-related changes. One of these factors relates to UV-radiation, but the exact mechanistic details are not well established. Several morphologic studies have indicated definite changes in the quantitative aspects of dermal connective tissue components, collagen and elastin. Also, recent biochemical studies have suggested that UV-irradiation can alter the metabolism of these proteins in the skin. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the effects of natural and therapeutic UV-radiation on dermal connective tissue, and further delineates additional research needs necessary for disclosure of the exact mechanistic details of the aging processes in human skin.

Animals↗